Category Archives: V7N2-April 2020

Evaluation Production, Quality and Morphological Traits of ‎Summer Fodder Beet (Beta vulgaris L. sub Crassa) Under ‎Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer

Entessar Al Jbawi*(1) Ahmad AlAli(2) and Ahmad Fahd AlRaei(2)

(1). Sugar Beet Research Department, Crops Research Administration, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Hama Agricultural Research Center, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Entessar Al JBawi. E-Mail: dr.entessara@gmail.com).

Received: 10/03/2020                               Accepted: 01/04/2020

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Hama Research Station, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR), during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons, to compare production, quality and morphological characteristics of monogerm fodder beet variety, i.e. Jamon under four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (20, 80, 120 and 180 pure units of N, urea 46%/ha). The experiment was sown in summer during September. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The statistical analysis of both seasons exhibited a significant effect of the nitrogen fertilizer (N) on all of the production traits (shoot yield (ton/ha)) and morphological traits (shoot weight per plant (g), and root length and diameter (cm)). Also, there were no significant differences in quality traits (dry matter in root and shoot (%) and sucrose (%)). The least significant difference test (LDS0.05) showed the possibility of adding 80 pure units of Urea/ha to get the best production, quality and morphological traits.

Key words: Fodder beet, Nitrogen fertilizer, Production traits, Quality traits, Morphological traits.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Effect of Bentonite Addition on Some Physio-chemical and ‎Sensorial Properties of Syrian Homemade Wine

Ruba Ali Saleh*(1) and Kossai Al-Hakeem(1)

(1). Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Ruba Ali Saleh. E-Mail: rubaalisaleh29@gmail.com).

Received: 02/11/2018                               Accepted: 28/01/2019

Abstract

This study was conducted on Syrian wines that made of local grapes, to determine the impact of adding Na-Bentonite (Montmorillonite silicate) in 3 concentrations (0.5,1 and 1.5 g/L) on some physio-chemical and sensorial properties of theses Syrian wines, such as: degree of nephlometric turbidity, physical stability considered as heat stability, parameters of color as total intensity, tent, intensity of yellow, red and blue colors, protein concentration and sensorial assessment. The results showed that the minimum concentration that achieved heat stability in white wine was (0.5 g/L), while increasing of concentration didn’t achieve any significant differences in wine turbidity, which confirmed that this was the optimum concentration to white wine. On another hand,  the concentration of (0.5 g/L) caused a high decrease in turbidity value in red wine compared with two other concentrations and control, in spite of a concentration of 1.5 g/L resulted the highest heat stability,  but the concentration 0.5 g/L still considered the minimum that could achieve a heat stability, though it could be considered the optimum concentration for red wine also.

Key words:  White wine, Red wine, Fining,  Bentonite, Heat stability, Turbidity.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Mineralogical Composition and Genesis Properties of Soils ‎Formed on Igneous Rocks in Some Areas of Latakia ‎Governorate

Samar Ghanem*(1) and Adel Rukia(1)

(1). Department of Soil and Water  Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Eng. Samar  Ghanem. E-Mail: samar77ghanem@gmail.com).

Received: 02/05/2019                               Accepted: 01/10/2019

Abstract

The aim of this research was conducted in 2018, to study the mineralogical properties as well as, the origin of the soil formed on an igneous rock in the coastal region in lattakia governorate. Soil survey had been conducted in the study area, then two soil profiles were chosen as a representative one. Soil profiles were described and soil samples were collected for physical, chemical, morphological, and mineralogical studies. The results showed that the soil profiles were undeveloped, newly formed, with high soil composition formed from the parent material. The micro morphological study of the parent material, as well as the mineralogical composition and weathering process emphasized the domination of primary minerals, where the weathering process was still in the early stages. Nevertheless, the occurrence of some secondary minerals such as Kaolinite and Leucite can be considered as transferred minerals or formed in a previous suitable conditions for it. Similarly, Philipsite can be considered as secondary minerals formed from weathering of igneous rocks. All in all, according to the American soil classification, the soil can be classified as follows: (Order, Suborder, Great group, Sub group).

P1: Entisols, Orthents, Xerorthents,  Typic Xerorthents .

P2: Entisols, Orthents, Xerorthents, Lithic Xerorthents .

Keywords: Mineral composition, Micro morphological study, Diagnostic properties, Soil classification, Weathering indicators.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

The Effect of Potassium Fertilization on the Tolerance of ‎Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Sham 6) to Water Stress

Bothena Omran(1) and  Ghiath A. Alloush*(1)

(1). Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ghiath A. Alloush. Email: galloush@scs-net.org).

Received: 21/11/2019                               Accepted: 11/01/2020

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted at a greenhouse during the growing season 2016/2017 to study the effect of water stress (FC=65 and 75%) on growth and productivity in the presence and absent of K fertilization (0 and 100 mg K/kg soil). Two control treatments at (0 and 100 mg K/kg soil) watered to 100% of FC were also included. Water stress was implemented during the whole life cycle of wheat crop and at three different wheat phonological stages: up to ending of tillering, up to beginning of spike heading, and up to beginning of grain filling. Water stress was then relieved and plants were watered to 100% of FC. Regardless of K application, water stress at 65 and 75% of FC decreased total number of tillers which mostly remained weak and unfertile compared to the control plants. The application of K to plants grown at 100% of FC increased the number of fertile tillers. Wheat plants subjected to 65 and 75% of FC water stress up to grain filling were unable to compensate for the lost fertile tillers after the stress was relieved. Whereas, stressed plants at tillering and spike emerging stages were able to compensate and increased number of fertile spikes not only similar, but even higher than those obtained for control plants. The decrease in grain weight per spike of main stem and tillers less apparent at 75% of FC, and that K application had no significant effect among treatments of the different water stress stages. The effect of water stress at different growth stages and K fertilization on the number of fertile tillers and weight of grain in spikes influenced grain productivity. Imposing continuous water stress led to decrease grain yield from 11.78 to 4.28 and 7.44 ton/ha at 65 and 75% of FC, respectively, in case of no K application. The decrease in grain yield for the same treatments were from 11.94 to 4.89 and 7.75 ton/ha in the presence of K application. In treatments subjected to water stress up to spike emerging stage yielded 7.44 and 8.58 ton/ha at 65 and 75% of FC  and no K application, and 7.77 and 9.16 ton/ha for the same treatments receiving K application. Water stress at 65 and 75% of FC at tillering stage had small reducing effect on grain yield and produced as much as 90 and 97% of the grain yield of the control plants without K application. Grain yield was 91 and 99% of the yield in the control treatments receiving K application.

Key words: Bead wheat,Water stress, Potassium, Grain yield, Grain protein

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

The Effect of Two Spotted Spider Mite in the Presence of the ‎Predator Phytoseiulus Persimilis Athias-Henroit on the Quality ‎of Some Climbing Beans Cultivars under Greenhouse ‎Conditions ‎

Riad  Tofik Zidan(1) Mohammad Ahmad  Ahmad(2) and Alisar Nadim Shaabow*(1)

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Eng. Alisar Shaabow. E-Mail: alisar.nadeem@yahoo.com).

Received: 24/12/2018                               Accepted: 24/02/2019

Abstract

The effect of the infection of the  two spotted spider mites and using the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henroit, as biological control agent to control it,  and its effect on the quality of the bods of climbing beans cultivars: Kentucky wonder white, Blue lake, Fatima, Purple Queen, Zilioni and Gigant.  The study was carried out at a greenhouse at Lattakia Center for Rearing Natural Enemies during 2017 and 2018. Results showed a negative effect of T. urticae on the pod’s quality that it decreased its contents of  soluble solids, fibers, dry matter, protein and vitamin C, and it increased nitrates contents. While  releasing the predatory mite P. persimilis on the infected plants controlled this pest and improved pod’s quality, and that it increased its contents of  soluble solids, fibers, dry matter, protein and vitamin C, and conversely it decreased nitrates. In terms of Beans cultivars the results showed that the higher content of dry matter was attained in Kentucky wonder white and Blue lake cultivars’ pods, while the higher content of  soluble solids, fibers, protein, vitamin C, and the lower content of nitrates was notices in Fatima’s pods.

Key words: Climbing bean, Greenhouse, Cultivar, Tetranychus urticae, Phytoseiulus Persimilis

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Carcass Characteristics in Three Lines of Quail (Coturnix ‎coturnix spp) and their Crosses. I- The Weights

Shekhmous H. Hussen*(1) Asia M. Hassan(1) Jameela H. Salih(1) and Khabat N. Hussein(1)

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Shekhmous H. Hussen. E-Mail: sheikhmous68@gmail.com).  

Received: 13/01/2020                               Accepted: 12/03/2020

Abstract

A total of 54 birds aged 42 days old from both sexes (equally) of different quail genotypes resulted from complete diallel cross design of three lines (White-W, Light brown-L and Dark brown-D) were used in the present study. The trial was conducted at Animal Production Dept., College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Sumail, KR-Iraq, during 2016. The aim was to investigate the carcass characteristics of the quail genotypes. Live body weight and the following carcass characteristics; blood, feather, shank, head, gizzard, heart, liver, thigh, drumstick, breast, back, neck, wing and dressing carcass (with giblets) were weighed (gm.). The results showed that there were significant differences among studied genotypes and between both sexes, in addition to their interaction. In general, the best genotype for carcass characteristics was LL line; but for some main cuts, economic cuts and inedible out-parts, the DW reciprocal cross shared LL line the superiority; while for gizzard weight, the DL reciprocal cross recorded the superiority compared to the rest genotypes. However, the average carcass weights as affected by genotype were ranged from 118.5 – 144.5 gm. The females recorded higher values than males for all significant characters. The interaction between genotype and sex appeared that few genotypes interacted significantly with specific sex (female). As conclusion, the crosses didn’t appear any superiority for carcass characteristics; while a specific line and specific reciprocal cross appeared superiority in specific characters.

 Key words: Quail, Lines, Crosses, Carcass weights.

Full paper in English: PDF

A Survey Study on Mushroom Cultivation Knowledge of ‎Participant’s at Kapasia in Gazipur, Bangladesh ‎

Kamal Krishna Mistry*(1)and Kazi Farhad Iqubal(2)

(1). Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Akbar Ali Khan Technical Institute (Education Complex) under the Ministry of Education, Comilla-3517, Bangladesh.

(2). Department of Environmental Science, State University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Kamal Krishna Mistry, E-Mail: kkmistryphd@yahoo.com ).

Received: 05/02/2020                               Accepted: 23/03/2020

Abstract

The survey was carried out to determine the knowledge of mushroom cultivation by the farmers. The study was conducted at five villages of Kapasia Gazipur in Bangladesh. Data was collected randomly from 97 selected trained farmers from list of 972 farmers of the study area that was done through personal contact by interview schedule during the period from 01 to 30 June 2019. The study revealed that the highest 60.82% of the respondents had medium knowledge on mushroom cultivation, while 27.64 percent had low knowledge and the rest 16.50 percent had the highest knowledge on mushroom cultivation. The correlation analysis indicated that education, belief about the mushroom, neighborhood influence, length of training, organizational participation and adoption of mushroom cultivation of the farmers. Age, family size and extension contact had no significant relationships with their knowledge of mushroom cultivation.

Key words: Mushroom cultivation, Trained farmers, Bangladesh.

Full Paper in English: PDF

Biology of the Lessepsian Pufferfish Lagocephalus suezensis ‎‎(Clark & Gohar, 1953) in Syrian Marine waters:‎ Length-Weight Relationship and Gonads Development Stages

Mai Masri*(1) and Waad Sabour(2)

 (1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Mai Masri. E-Mail: mememasri96@gmail.com)

Received: 16/02/2020                               Accepted: 01/04/2020

Abstract

The length-weight relationships (LWRs) were determined for (320) specimens of Lagocephalus suezensis captured in the Syrian seawaters (Eastern Mediterranean). The histological study of gonads at  different development stages was performed. Fishing samples were taken with trammel net at a depth between 3 and 50 m, during April 2014 and September 2015.Total length and weight of each specimen were recorded with accuracy of 0.1 cm and 0.01 g, respectively. The calculated values of (b) were 2.8932 for male individuals and 2.8416 for females. The coefficient of determination (R2) was significant for all individuals. The types of growth for both sexes were negatively allometric. The development stages and gonad maturation, are similar with regard to the tissue structure and the form of gonads, and for the six development scale.

Key words: Lagocephalus suezensis, Lessepsian pufferfish, LW relationship, Histological structure Gonads, Syrian seawaters.    

Full paper in English: PDF

A New Record of Parasitoid Trechnites flavipes (Mercet) ‎‎(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on the Pauropsylla buxtoni ‎‎(Laing, 1924) that Infests Cultivated Fig in Syria

Mahran Zeity(1)*and Majeda Mofleh(2)

(1). Agriculture Research Center in Lattakia, General Commission for Scientific and Agricultural Research, (GCSAR), Damasucus, Syria.

(2). (GCSAR), Damasucus, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Dr.  Mahran Zeity. E-Mail: mzma2009@gmail.com).

Received: 17/03/2020                               Accepted: 10/04/2020

Abstract

The study was conducted to identify the parasitoid of the fig gall psyllid, Pauropsylla buxtoni, which was collected from Damascus, Syria during 2019. The parasitoid of the psyllid was collected from the infested leaves in plastic boxes with moistened cotton and was kept at a laboratory condition for the emergence of the adult parasitoid. The parasitoid was identified as Trechnites flavipes (Mercet), which was recently reported in Palestine during 2018.This study provided a new collection data about two psyllid species that infests the cultivated fig in Syria, namely, fig gall psyllid, Pauropsylla buxtoni and the free living fig psyllid, Homotoma ficus.

Key words: Syria, Parasitoid, Cultivated fig, Homotoma ficus, Bio-control.

Full paper in English: PDF

Households Solid Wastes (HSW) Management at Azimpure ‎Colony in Dhaka City

Kamal Krishna Mistry*(1)and Kazi Farhad Iqubal(2)

(1). Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Akbar Ali Khan Technical Institute (Education Complex) under the Ministry of Education, Comilla-3517, Bangladesh.

(2). Department of Environmental Science, State University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Kamal Krishna Mistry, E-Mail: kkmistryphd@yahoo.com ).

Received: 05/02/2020                               Accepted: 03/04/2020

Abstract

This study was carried out with HSW and environmental pollution at Azimpur Colony in Dhaka City, Bangladesh to find out the HSW components, management, and the respondents’ view about environmental pollution. Data was collected randomly from 150 selected respondents through questionnaires by personal interviews from the study area in May, 2018 and data analyzed with the SPSS program. The study revealed that waste collection managed by ‘Tokai/Collectors’ and the waste generation recorded 0.42 Kg/Cap/Day. Vegetables and food waste (73.91%) were found dominant and the less amount was leather and rubber (0.72%). The most respondents (57%) had been preferred to place of waste in the dustbin and 40% of the respondents were agreed to waste collection by ‘rickshaw-vans’. The maximum 85% of people preferred daily waste disposal. Majority respondents were given their opinions that environmental pollution caused by HSW and awareness build up. 

Key-words: HSW, Management, Environmental pollution, Dhaka city.

Full paper in English: PDF