Category Archives: crops

The Application Effect of GA3 on Plant Growth, Yield and ‎Quality Attributes of Tomato (Lycopersicom esculentum Mill.) ‎

Kamal Krishna Mistry*(1) Kazi Farhad Iqubal(2) and Shyama Prasad Bapari(3)

(1). Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Akbar Ali Khan Technical Institute (Education Complex) under the Ministry of Education, Comilla-3517, Dhaka

(2). Department of Environmental Science, State University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(3). Ministry of Education, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Kamal Krishna Mistry. E-Mail: kkmistryphd@yahoo.com)

Received: 13/04/2020                               Accepted: 22/05/2020

Abstract

This study was conducted at the ‘Integrated Farm’ of the International Anjel Association, Voluntary Organization of Japan, Konabari, Gazipure during the period of 10 November-30 January 2018, Bangladesh to find out the better performance of GA3 treatments doses on tomato variety Ratan. Data were collected on plant height, leaves number, fruits number per plant, fruit weight per plant, ascorbic acid and total soluble solids (Brix) regarding five levels of gibberellic acid viz. 20  ppm (T1), 40 ppm (T2), 60 ppm (T3), 80 ppm (T4) and 100 ppm (T5) beside T0 which represents the control. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Application of GA3 at 100 ppm caused an increase in plant height (50.30 cm), leaves number (50), fruits number (29.50 per/plant), fruit weight (1.52 kg/plant),  ascorbic acid (1.80 mg/100gm) and total soluble solids (4.10 Brix) among the different treatments of GA3.

Keywords: Gibberellic acid (GA3), Tomato, Yield, Quality, Bangladesh.   

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Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for ‎Agro-Morphological Traits in Lentil (Lens culinaris) ‎Genotypes

Dinesh Ghimire*(1) Aatish Gurung(1) Sushmita Kunwar(1) Archana Paudel(1) Rajendra Prasad Poudel(1) and Ganga Ram Kohar(2)

(1). Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Paklihawa Campus,    Rupandehi, Nepal.

(2). Andhra University, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Varanasi – 221 005, India.           

(*Corresponding author: Dinesh Ghimire. E-Mail: dineshghimire01@gmail.com).

Received: 19/04/2020                               Accepted: 13/05/2020

Abstract

Assessing variability and correlations for agro-morphological traits of lentil are the important aspects in the development of lentil varieties. Six lentil genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications at Agronomy Research Farm of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa, Rupandehi, Nepal during winter season of 2018/19 to assess the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for agro-morphological traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all traits. The values of Phenotypic Coefficient of Variance (PCV) were higher than Genotypic Coefficient of Variance (GCV) for all the characters, and the number of pods per plant exhibited high estimates of both PCV and GCV indicating substantial scope of improvement through selection. The number of secondary branches showed the highest PCV (0.89) and GCV (0.50) whereas the lowest PCV (0.02) and GCV (0.00) were recorded for date to 50% maturity. High heritability (0.62) coupled with high genetic advance (192.63) as percent mean was observed for the grain yield. Grain yield showed positive and significant phenotypic correlation with number of pods per plant (r=0.424) and plant height (r=0.420). The highest positive direct effects were observed in plant height followed by number of grains per pods, number of secondary branches and number of pods per plant; suggesting the importance of these characters and the necessity of adopting them as selection criteria for grain yield improvement.

Key words: Lentil, Grain yield, Heritability, Correlation, Path analysis.

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Comparison of Production and Quality Traits of Fodder Beet ‎‎(Beta vulgaris var Crasssa) under two Winter Sowing Dates in ‎Homs Governorate

Julnar Mansour(1) Entessar Al-Jbawi*(2) Ahmad Muhanna(1) and Faddi Abbas(3)

(1). Faculty of Agriculture, Crops Department. Al Baath University, Syria.

(2). Sugar Beet Department, Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3). Homs Research Center, (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Entessar Al JBawi. E-mail: dr.entessara@gmail.com and dr.entessara@gcsar.gov.sy).

Received: 01/03/2020                              Accepted: 22/03/2020

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted at the General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Homs Research Center during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons, to compare production and quality traits of five monogerm fodder beet varieties, i.e. Caribou, Varians, SV Four 16, Tarine and Lipari. The experiment was sown in winter (mid of February and mid Mars). A split plot design was used, with three replicates. The results showed the superiority of mid-February sowing date  to get higher values of production traits (root and shoot yields) for all studied varieties. While sowing fodder beet in mid-Mars is better if the purpose was to reserve the crop as dry forage and give it later for the animals, because this date gave higher dry matter. The results also showed that the monogerm variety Lipari was the best for most of the production and quality traits as compared with the other varieties.  The study recommend growing fodder beet in mid-February to mid-Mars under Homs conditions, but after conducting a complementary researches concerns the other agricultural treatments as, lifting time, plant spacing,  rate of fertilizer and applications …etc, and also to test more monogerm and multigerm new varieties from different sources.

Key words: Fodder beet, Sowing date, Production traits, Quality traits, Varieties.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlation and Path Coefficient ‎Analysis for Grain Yield and its Components in Some ‎Sweetcorn (Zea mays L. saccharata) Genotypes

Mohamed Nael Khattab*(1)

(1). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohamed Nael Khattab. E-Mail: aboalabd876@gmail.com).

Received: 21/05/2019                               Accepted: 06/09/2019

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Dmsrkho region, Latakia governorate, Syria, during two seasons 2017 and 2018.  Six genotypes of maize Zea mays L. saccharat were used in this study, i.e: Temptation,Target-A, Sucaria-1 and Sucaria-7- Merritt (USA), and (Faihaa) to study of the  genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path analysis  of yield and its components (number of grains per row, number of rows per ear, 100 kernel weight, ear length, ear circumference), to determine the most common traits of yield and to determine the appropriate selection criteria evidence to improve Sweetcorn. The study showed that the genotypic correlations were higher in most studied traits. The study of genetic correlations were significant and positive in most traits, especially between the fresh yield of the plant with the plant height (rg=0.57**), ear height (rg=0.53**), ear length (rg=0.69**(, ear circumference (rg= 0.83**), number of rows in per ear (rg=0.34**), number of grains per row (rg= 0.72**) and 100 kernel weight )rg=0.66**.( The results showed a high direct effect of the number of grains per row )Genotypic 0.55 and phenotypic 0.53), 100 kernel weight (Genotypic 0.563 and phenotypic 0.451), number of rows per ear  (Genotypic 0.51 and  phenotypic 0.35( and plant height  (Genotypic 0.113 and phenotypic 0.184(, on the individual plant yield because of their strong correlation with it. These traits can therefore be relied as selection criteria to improve grain yield in Sweet corn. The relative importance of the yield variability was (58.67%) because of the fifth aforementioned traits, while the other effects on yield were (41.33%). These five traits are the most important traits that affect the variation in yield in this study

Key words: Sweet corn, Genotypic correlation, phenotypic correlation, genotypic path coefficient, phenotypic path coefficient.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Effect of Spraying with Yeast Suspension and Plant Density ‎on Some Growth and Yield Components Traits of Vicia faba ‎L.‎

Wafaa Suleiman Khedr*(1)

(1). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, AlBaath University, Homs, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Wafaa Suleiman Khedr. E-Mail: ghassankdr@gmail.com).

Received: 10/02/2019                               Accepted: 26/03/2019

Abstract

This research was carried out at Barry Al- Garby village, Al Salameah region during 2017/2018 season to study the effect of spraying with yeast suspension and plant density on some growth and productivity traits of faba bean crop (var. Kubrusy). Three concentrations of yeast solution were used (2, 4 and 6) g/l in addition the control treatment. Three densities were studied (12.5, 16.7 and 25 plants/m2). A split plot design with three replications was used. Spraying with yeast suspension (6) g/l caused a significant increase in plant height (75.21) cm, number of branches/plant (3.65), pod length (11.33) cm, number of pods (11.18) pod/plant, weight of dry seeds (33.37) g/plant and seed yield (0.58) kg/m2. Increasing plant density to (25) plant/m2 caused an increase in plant height (75.2) cm, the first pod height (18.57) cm and seed yield (0.53) kg/m2, while it caused a significant decrease in number of branches/plant (2.97), number of pods(6.5) pod/plant , weight of dry seeds (21.12) g/plant. Spraying (6) g/l of yeast and planting (25) plants/m2 gave the highest seed yield (0.69) kg/m2.

Key words: Faba bean, Yeast, Plant density, Yield components, Seed yield.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Response of Some Growth and Productivity Traits of ‎Coriander Plant (Corianderum sativum L.) Under Different ‎Sources of Organic Fertilization

Hala Mohammad*(1) Mohamead Abd Elaziz(1) and Roula Yacoub(2)

(1). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakis, Syria.

(2). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Hala Mohamed: halamohammad445@gmail.com).

Received: 23/03/2019                               Accepted: 14/04/2019

Abstract

The lack of information about the cultivation of coriander plants in Syria increased the importance of this study, which examined the effect of some sources of organic fertilization (cow muck, compost and poultry fertilizer) at a rate of 15 tons/ha of each fertilizer. This study was conducted in Tartous  at Banias region during 2018 season. A complete randomized block design arranged according to split split plot was used with three replicates. The results showed that there were significant differences between most of the studied traits. Compost manure exceeded cow muck and poultry manure in most traits (plant height, number of branches/plant, number of leaves and number of shoots/plants) )58.40 cm, 7.33, 5.70 and 17.00) respectively, while poultry fertilizer gave the highest values ​​(9.38 g/plant, 10.78 g) of weight of seeds/plant and weight of 1000 seeds, respectively.

Key words: Coriander, Organic fertilizer, Compost, Cattle, Poultry.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Determination of Some Selection Indicators in Chickpeas ‎‎(Cicer arietinum) Under Water Stress Conditions‎

Hiba Alatrash*(1) Mohammad. Sh. Hakim(1) Abdallah ALYoussef(2) Mohammad. J. Hamndosh(1) and Ahmad. Sh.A. Shaaban(3)

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Aleppo Research Center, General commission for scientific Agriculture Research GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Department of Biotech Engineering, Faculty of Technological Engineering, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Hiba Alatrash. E-Mail: hiba.fad.16@gmail.com).

Received: 26/05/2019                               Accepted: 12/06/2019

Abstract

The study was carried out at AL-Sfireh location which belongs to Scientific Agriculture Research Center in Aleppo during 2016/2017, in  order to study the phenotypic-genotypic correlation and to define the most important selection indicators by path coefficient analysis of seed yield traits. (28) genotypes and two varieties i.e. Ghab4 and Ghab5 as control were planted in two experiments (under drought stress and non-drought stress conditions) in randomized complete block design with tow replications. The traits (100-seeds weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, plant height, no. of days to flowering, no. of days to maturity) were studied. The results showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits in both experiments, the correlation analysis showed a positive and significant relationships between seed yield and number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seeds weight and plant height, while a significant and negative correlation was noticed between seed yield and no. of days to flowering and no. of days to maturity under drought stress experiment and in the non-drought stress experiment. Positive and high significant relationships were recorded between seed yield and number of pods per plant and positive significant correlation was recorded between seed yield and number of seeds per plant and 100-seeds weight. Path coefficient analysis exposed that number of pods per plant had the highest positive direct effect on seed yield followed by 100-seeds weight, but number of pods per plant had the highest positive indirect effect on seed yield through the number of seeds per plant followed by plant height whereas no. of days to flowering and no. of days to maturity had the highest negative indirect effects on seed yield through the number of pods per plant under drought stress experiments. Also, under non drought stress experiments number of pods per plant had the highest positive direct effect on seed yield followed by 100-seeds weight but number of pods per plant had the highest positive indirect effect on seed yield through number of seeds per plant followed by plant height. This study confirmed the importance of number of pods per plant, 100-seeds weight and early flowering as indicators for the development of drought tolerant genotypes.

 Key words: Chickpea, Yield components, Phenotypic-genotypic correlations, Path analysis, Selection indicators.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Effect of Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilization on Some ‎Morphological, Physiological and Productivity Characteristics ‎of sorghum bicolor L.‎

Mohamed Abd Alaziz(1) and Fatema Antar*(1)

(1). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Fatema Antar. E-Mail: anterfatemah@gmail.com). 

Received: 28/11/2018                               Accepted: 06/02/2019

Abstract

The research was carried out in the coastal area at Bauqa Farm, and at the laboratories of Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, during the season 2018 in order to study the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilization and their interaction on some morphological, physiological and productivity parameters of sorghum plant to obtain the highest grain yield. Jumbo variety  was used which obtained from General Organization of Seed Multiplication in Latakia. The design of the experiment was Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with the arrangement of split plot design with three replicates. The density treatments were distributed in the main plots (3.33, 5 and 10 plants/m2), while nitrogen fertilization levels were allocated in the sub plots (200, 300 and 400 kg/ha) in addition to the control treatment without nitrogen addition. The density of 10 plants / m2 and the  nitrogen fertilization of 300 kg/ha gave the highest grain yield (ton/ha) under the conditions of the experiment. While the density of 3.33 plants/m 2 and the nitrogen addition of 400 kg/ha gave the  highest length of the plant number of leaves/plant, number of grains/rosset and weight of 100 seeds. The grain yield correlated positively and significantly with rosset length (r=0.541**), grains number (r=0.509**),  area index (r=0.502 **) and the rosset weight (r=0.456 **). Thus it is possible to improve the productivity by improving the mentioned traits above due to the positive correlation with them.

Key words: Sorghum bicolor, Plant density, Nitrogen fertilization, Yield, Morphological traits.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Response of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Varieties to Mineral and Bio ‎Fertilizers

Lamiaa. M. Al-Freeh*(1) Kadhim H. Huthily(1) and Sundus.  A. Alabdulla(1)

(1). Crops Department, Facultu of Agriculture, Basrah University, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Lamiaa. M. Al-freeh. E-Mail: lamiaaalfreeh610@gmail.com).

Received: 16/01/2020                               Accepted: 22/03/2020

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the growing seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at Al-Zubair district, Basra Province, to study the response of three varieties of oats (Ganzania, Shafaa and Carrolup) to mineral and bio fertilizer, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum), phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Pantoea agglomerans) and potassium solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus subtits and Bacillus mucilaginosus) were used in seven levels: (B0 = control, B1 = mineral NPK, B2= NPK bio fertilizer, B3 = N bio. + mineral PK, B4 = NP bio. + mineral K, B5 = NK bio. + mineral P and B6 = PK bio. + mineral N) on yield components, grain yield and  the concentration of NPK nutrients in grains and vegetative parts. Randomized complete block design RCBD was used which arranged according to split-plot design with three replicates, the fertilizers were placed on the main plots, while varieties were at the sub-plots. The results showed that fertilization with bio-fertilizer NPK (B2) increased significantly the studied traits (NPK% concentration in grains and vegetative part, panicles/m2, grains/panicle, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and protein yield). For the two seasons, while treatment B2 gave an increase in grain yield of 189.96 and 197.3%, and the biological yield 112.92 and 137.36% compared with control treatment for the two seasons respectively. Varieties differed in most of the studied traits, Ganzania resulted in highest grain yield in the first season (5.774 t/ha) while Shafaa gave the highest yield in the second season (8.691 t/ha). The interaction of Ganzania with B2 and gave the highest grain yield (8.429 t/ha) in the first season, while in the second season all varieties showed significant superiority with B2 and produced the highest grain yield, biological yield and protein yield without significant difference between them. The study recommends the use of bio-fertilization that containing various microorganisms (nitrogen-fixing and phosphorous  potassium solubilizing bacteria) and it is preferable to grow Ganzania or the Shafaa variety.

Key words: Oat, Varieties, Bio fertilizers, Mineral, Yield.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Evaluation Production, Quality and Morphological Traits of ‎Summer Fodder Beet (Beta vulgaris L. sub Crassa) Under ‎Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer

Entessar Al Jbawi*(1) Ahmad AlAli(2) and Ahmad Fahd AlRaei(2)

(1). Sugar Beet Research Department, Crops Research Administration, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Hama Agricultural Research Center, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Entessar Al JBawi. E-Mail: dr.entessara@gmail.com).

Received: 10/03/2020                               Accepted: 01/04/2020

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Hama Research Station, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR), during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons, to compare production, quality and morphological characteristics of monogerm fodder beet variety, i.e. Jamon under four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (20, 80, 120 and 180 pure units of N, urea 46%/ha). The experiment was sown in summer during September. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The statistical analysis of both seasons exhibited a significant effect of the nitrogen fertilizer (N) on all of the production traits (shoot yield (ton/ha)) and morphological traits (shoot weight per plant (g), and root length and diameter (cm)). Also, there were no significant differences in quality traits (dry matter in root and shoot (%) and sucrose (%)). The least significant difference test (LDS0.05) showed the possibility of adding 80 pure units of Urea/ha to get the best production, quality and morphological traits.

Key words: Fodder beet, Nitrogen fertilizer, Production traits, Quality traits, Morphological traits.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF