**Influence of Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula Extract in Inhabitation of Chocolate Spot Disease (Botrytis fabae Sard) in the Fields of Beans in Syria**

Munzer Tamouz^*(1) Mahmoud Hasan⁽¹⁾ and Gamal Al-Ahmad⁽¹⁾

(1). Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Munzer Tamouz. E-Mail: tmmouz.m@gmail.com).

Received: 24/07/2018 Accepted: 19/11/2018

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the bacterial species Pseudomonas fluorescens by determining the efficacy of the water colony extract spraying in inhibiting Chocolate Spot Disease caused by Botrytis fabae on faba bean plant Vicia faba under normal infection conditions. Randomized Complete Block Design was used with three replications. The experiment included two factors the first was the sparing with colony extract, and the control which was sprayed with potato dextrose agar. The spraying was applied once before flowering, at the field of faba bean which was infected naturally in the governorate of Latakia, Syria, in spring of 2018. Results after 30 days of spraying showed good and significant efficacy of the P. fluorescens colony’s extract in inhibiting the studied disease, where the disease severity of treatment sprayed with bacterial extract 43.8% compared to 85.4% in the control, so the efficacy of the bacteria studied extract to inhibit the disease after a month of treatment reached 48.8%, and this is a good efficiency led to the completion of research to confirm the ability of using extract of Pseudomonas fluorescens colonies to suppress the chocolate spot disease.

Key words: Syria, Faba bean, Chocolate Spot Disease, Botrytis fabae, Pseudomonas fluorescens.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

**Effect of Different Levels of Aqueous Extract of Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peel on The Biochemical Blood Traits of Broiler Chicks 308**

Samawal S.A. AL-Tikriti^*(1) and Mustafa. N. AL-Zubaidy⁽¹⁾

(1). Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University. Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Samawal Al-Tikriti. E-Mail: samawal_1976@yahoo.com).

Received: 19/10/2019 Accepted: 07/12/2019

Abstract

A total of 120 unsexed one day broiler chicks from Ross hybrid 308 were used with an average body weight of 45 grams. This study was carried out at one of the farmers’ field in Kirkuk Governorate during the studied period started from 4/4/2015 to 9/5/2015. The chicks were divided into four treatment of 30 chicks for each treatment and distributed in (3) replicates (10 birds/replicate). Nutritional treatments were as follows: (T1) was the first treatment (as control); birds were fed on a standard diet + plain water, (T2) was rhe second treatment; birds were fed on a standard diets + water added with 2.5% of the aqueous extract of orange peel, (T3) was the third treatment; where the birds were fed a standard diet + 5% water added to the orange peel extract, (T4) was the fourth treatment; birds were fed on a standard diets + 10% water added to the orange peel water extract. The results showed that there was a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the treated birds with (T2), (T3) and (T4) compared to the control treatment in cholesterol, glucose, lipoproteins, low density fats, triglycerides and uric acid concentrations. However, the values of total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly higher in favor of supplementation treatments compared to control group.

Keywords: Broilers, Orange peel, Biochemical blood.

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Comparison Among Three Quail (Coturnix coturnix spp) Lines in Their Productive Performance

Shekhmou Hussen*⁽¹⁾and Jameela Saleh⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Duhok University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Shekhmous Hussen; E-mail: sheikhmous68@gmail.com).

Received: 12/09/2019 Accepted: 17/10/2019

Abstract

A total of 600 quail chicks from 3 lines (White-W, Light Brown-Lb and Dark brown-Db) were brought from Department of Animal production, Faculty of Agriculture, Sallah-Aldein University, Erbil, KR-Iraq. This work was conducted at the Poultry Farm of Animal Production Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan region, Iraq. The aim of experiment was to investigate the productive performance of three quail lines under Duhok region environment during 2016. The birds were reared in cages and the feed was supplied manually and submitted ad libitum. The following characters were studied during growth and egg production stages: Live body weight (BW), body weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), sexual maturity, egg weight (EW), egg number (EN), egg mass (EM), mortality rate, fertility and hatchability. The main results from the present study could be summarized as follow: BW trait was highly significant differed (p<0.01) among the studied lines at 1, 2 and 3 weeks old; and was differed significantly (p<0.05) at 4 weeks old, where brown lines surpassed white ones. Other traits (WG, FI, FCR, EW, EN, EM, fertility and hatchability) didn’t differ significantly (p>0.05) among the studied lines at all studied ages. The lowest mortality rate was recorded to Lb line (0 %). As conclusion, the Lb line had the best productive performance.

Key words: Quail, Meat production, Egg production.

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Evaluation of Bio-fortified Wheat Genotypes for Grain Yield, Zinc and Iron Content

Rajendra Prasad Yadav^*(1) Madhav Prasad Pandey⁽²⁾ Bishnu Raj Ojha⁽²⁾ Dhruba Bahadur Thapa⁽³⁾ Jiban Shrestha⁽³⁾and Krishna Hari Ghimire⁽⁴⁾

(1). National Wheat Research Program, Bharahawa, Lumbini, Rupandehi, Nepal.

(2). Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

(3). Agriculture Botany Division, NARC, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal

(4). National Agriculture Genetic Resources Centre, NARC, Khumaltar, Nepal

(*Corresponding author: Rajendra Prasad Yadav. E-Mail: rajendrapyadav15@gmail.com).

Received: 02/05/2018 Accepted: 01/10/2018

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal during November to April, 2015/2016 with the objective of identifying high yielding, zinc and iron rich bio-fortified spring wheat genotypes. A total of 27 wheat genotypes selected from 5^th Harvest Plus Yield Trial (HPYT), were evaluated along with three check genotypes (Tilottama, BAJ#1 and KACHU#1) using Alpha Lattice design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed significant (P≤0.05) differences among the genotypes for days to maturity, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-kernels weight, grain yield and grain zinc and iron content. The wheat genotype namely Neloki/3/ IWA8600211//2*PBW343*2/Kukuna produced the highest grain yield (3.953 kg/ha) followed by Francolin#1/3/ Croc_1/Ae. squarrosa (210)//2*PBW343*2/Kukuna (3.870 kg/ha) and C80.1/3*Batavia//2*WBLL1/3/Attila/3*BCN*2//Bav92/4/WBLL1*2/Kuruku/5/IWA8600211//2*PBW343*2/Kukuna (3.839 kg/ha). The grain Fe content ranged from 35.33 to 49.03 ppm whereas grain Zn ranged from 22.76 to 34.03 ppm among the evaluated genotypes. The highest grain Zn content was found in Croc_1/Ae.squarrosa(210)//Inqalab91*2/Kukuna/3/PBW343*2/Kukuna (34.03 ppm), whereas the highest grain Fe content was recorded in TRCH/Srtu//Kachu/5/Toba97/Pastor/3/T.dicocconPI94624/Ae.squarrosa(409)//BCN/4/BL1496/Milan//PI610750 (49.03 ppm). Based on the high grain yield and the grain Zn and Fe content, the wheat genotype namely Neloki/3/ IWA8600211//2*PBW343*2/Kukuna was identified a promising genotype and can be further evaluated and promoted as a candidate variety. A positive correlation (r=0.237) was observed between grain Fe and Zn content. The studied wheat genotypes could be valuable resources for the development of Zn and Fe enriched wheat varieties to address the malnutrition problem in Nepal.

Keywords: Bio-fortified wheat, Grain yield, Iron content, Zinc content.

Full Paper in English: PDF

**A comparison Between Artificial Medium and Potato Tubers for Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) Rearing Based on Life Table Parameters**

Gassan Youssef^*(1)

(1). General Organization of Seed production, Homs, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Gassan Youssef. E-Mail:ghassanyoussef@hotmail.com).

Received: 21/03/2019 Accepted: 07/09/2019

Abstract

Life table studies for potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) were carried out to compare an artificial medium to potato tubers, Solanum tuberosum L. for rearing Ph. operculella larvae. The calculated biological parameters were: Net reproductive rate of increase (R₀), Generation time (G_t), Intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), Finite rate of increase (λ) and Population doubling time (D_t). The obtained results indicated that potato tubers proved to be more favorable for achieving the highest developmental and multiplication rates of Ph. operculella, than artificial diet. The natural mortality figures; Apparent Mortality (AM), Real Mortality (RM) and Indispensable Mortality (IM) for larvae reared on potato tubers were 46.77, 29 and 20.21%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest mortality rates were 51.72, 30 and 19.29% when larvae were fed on artificial diet. It is quite worth to mention out here that potato tubers are more attractive feeding source than artificial diet for rearing Ph. operculella for research purposes.

Keywords: Potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella, Life table, Artificial diet.

Full Paper in English: PDF

**Chemical and Biological Control of Radish Leave Miner Insect Scaptomyza flava Fallen (Diptera:Drosophilidae) under the Conditions of Basrah Province**

Hussain A. Mehdi^*(1) Shurooq A. Najim⁽²⁾and Baidaa G. Aufi⁽³⁾

(1). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq.

(2). Natural History Museum, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq.

(3). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Hussain Mehdi. E-Mail: protactionplan@gmail.com).

Received: 31/10/2019 Accepted: 07/12/2019

Abstract

This study was conducted at the district of Shatt Al-Arab in Basra province in order to evaluate several pesticides and Beauveria bassiana fungi against radish leaves miner and to estimate the severity of the injury and damage to this insect. Results showed that the highest population density was in March 2016 (1.78 larva/leaf), where the highest infection rate was (76%), and the injury severity showed a significant differences among study intervals, where the injury locations recorded a significant differences among them represented by surpass of outer leaves on other locations (1.8%). All examined pesticides showed high affectivity in controlling the pest with a simple significant difference killing percentage performed by Super Saqr followed by Dragon and Sakhuy (92%, 85.6%, 82.2%) respectively where the lowest killing percentage was performed by biocontrol agent (54.4 %) after 72 h of treatment.

Keywords: Scaptomyoza flava, Radish leaf miner, Pesticides, Basrah, Iraq.

Full Paper in English: PDF

**Bio-Efficacy of Plant Extracts against Mustard Aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) on Rapeseed (Brassica campestris Linn.) under Field and Laboratory Conditions**

Kailash Bhatta^*(1) Laxmi Chaulagain⁽²⁾ Kapil Kafle⁽³⁾ and Jiban Shrestha⁽⁴⁾

(1). Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.

(2). Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal.

(3). Department of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal.

(4). Agriculture Botany Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal.

(*Corresponding author: Kailash Bhatta. E-Mail: bhatta.iaas2072@gmail.com).

Received: 16/11/2019 Accepted: 08/12/2019

Abstract

The bio-efficacy of eight plant aqueous extracts viz Neem (Azadiracta indica), Bakaino (Melia composite), Asuro (Adhatoda vasica), Titepati (Artimesia vulgaris), Khirro (Sapium insigne), Bojho (Acorus calamus), Tobacco (Nicotinia tabaccum) and Marigold (Tagetes erecta) were tested on Lumle tori-1 variety of rapeseed against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) during rabi season of 2018/19 under field and lab conditions at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal. The treatments were eight plant extracts, cypermethrin 10% EC (@1.5 mL/L), and water as control. Aphids were deliberately exposed to the treatments and then the numbers of alive and dead aphids were counted. The plant extracts showed highly significant effect on aphid mortality in both field and lab condition. In the lab, cypermethrin was found to be the most effective against aphid offering the highest aphid mortality (96%) followed by neem extract (88%) whereas the lowest aphid mortality (14.67%) was observed in control plot. Under field condition the highest percentage of aphid reduction was observed with use of cypermethrin followed by neem and tobacco leaf extracts whereas, control plot showed the lowest percentage of aphid reduction. Among all treatments, the highest grain yield of rapeseed (2104.44 kg/ha) was obtained from plot treated with cypermethrin followed by neem extract (2048.44 kg/ha) and tobacco extract (2020.22 kg/ha) whereas, control plot produced the lowest rapeseed yield (1133.67 kg/ha). All the treatments of plant leaf extracts showed better insecticidal activity. However, neem extract followed by tobacco extract reduced the aphid population to a great extent. Therefore, neem and tobacco extracts could be the best alternative for controlling aphids.

Keywords: Cypermethrin, Mustard aphid, Plant extracts, Rapeseed.

Full Paper in English: PDF

Vol 6 No 3 September 2019

	Vol 6 No 3 September 2019
Pages	Contents
1-20	– Quantitative Flow of Water, Sugars and Organic Acids in Individual Grape Fruits During Maturity Rezk Shahood* and Charles Romieu
21-30	*– Study the Effect of Hybridization of Some Olive (Olea* europaea L.) Varieties on the Qualitative and Quantitative characteristics of Fruits and Seeds** Tala Al Fozo*
31-43	-The Effect of Organic Farming System on Some Soil Characteristics and Productivity Indicators of Olive Variety Doebli Ghada Kattmah* Georges Makhoul, Soheel Makhool, Mohamad Al Naddaf, Mohamad Ahmad, Nizar Hamoud, Wisam Massa and Mahmoud Dawood
44-56	*-Studying Seeds Germination Physiology and Pollen Grains Palynology of Some Prunus* cerasia Blanche Shrubs Prevailing in the Syrian Coast** Haitham Ismael, Hafez Mahfoud and Mohammad Nizam*
57-67	-Study of Relationship Within Some Species of Genus Astragalus in the Syrian Flora Using Seeds Characteristics Walid Ali Ali *
68-83	-Genetic Diversity of Some Wheat (Triticum durum) Genotypes Using SSR Technique Reham Abo Al-Kanj*, Ghinwa Lababidi and Naim Al-Husien
84-94	-Characterization of Growth Curve for Local Cattle Groups at Al-Yadoda Station, South of Syria Osama Alsheblak* and Khaled Alnajjar
95-103	*-The Effect of Addition of Diets Pigmentation Colour on the Feeding and Growth of Carp Cyprinus* carpio (L.1758) Juvenile under Lab Conditions** Khalid William Farnar and Qusay Hamid Al-Hamadany*
104-115	-Prevalence of Ticks in Cows and Identification of its Genera and Species in Hama Governorate (Syria) Abdul Naser Al-Omar* and Morshid Kassouha
116-122	-The Effect of Organic Chromium Supplementation on Some Productivity Parameters of Japanese Quail Ahmed Sinan Ahmed Al-Obeidi, Ali Mohammed A. Rahim Al-Azzawi*, Mohammad Saleh Latif Al-Obaidi, Marwan Hashim Hasballah and Nour Hussein Alwan
123-132	– Determination of Genetic Persistency of Milk Production on Shami Goats under Semi-Intensive Rearing System Hadil Obaid*, Kamel Fatal, Abd Al-Naser Al-Omar, and Emad Al-Masri
133-140	*– Growth and Reproduction of Largemouth Bennini Cyprinion* macrostomum in Tigris River, Iraq** Ameer Suood Alwan Hamad* and Nehad Khorsheed Wahab
141-153	-Study the Farmer’s Adoption of Agricultural Recommendations Regarding Date Palm in Wadi Al-Jah, Yemen Ali Hassan Obaid Khalil*
154-172	-Analytical Study of the Most Important Factors Affecting Empowerment of Rural Women in Daraa, Syria Fayez Jadallah Al-Mikdad*, Wael Zaki Habeeb and Hani Soleman Al-Hassoun
173-182	-Labor Lack and its Implications on Agricultural Production in Tartous Governorate Leen Almukaddem*, Shaza Mayhoob Safaa Ahmad and Faten Edrees
183-199	-Study of Genetic Variability and Traits Correlations in Some Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes under Wet and Dry Conditions in Syria Abdullatef Ahmad Al-Assaf*, Mohammad Shafik Hakim, Mohammad Fadi Basmaji and Stefania Grando
200-218	-Using SSM Model to Simulate Growth of Durum Wheat “Cham 7” Under Gradual Levels of Supplemental Irrigation Ahmad Shams Aldien Shaaban*, Ahmad Alhafez, Abdullah Al-Yousef and Osama Al-Issa
219-232	*– Effect of Osmotic Potential Induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG6000) on the Germination of Five Chickpea (Cicer* arietinum L.) Varieties** Loubana Al-Saleh, Bashar Hyass and Fadi Abbas*
233-247	*-Determination of Selection Indices in Soybeans (Glycine* max L.) Genotypes under the Effect of Water Stress** Mohamad Nael Khattab*, Nabil Habib and Sahar Hanifa
248-262	-Effect of Spraying with Humic Acids and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Some Growth and Productivity Traits of Maize (Var. Gouta82) Wafaa Suleiman Khedr*
263-271	*-Effect of Sheep Dung and Phosphor Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Vicia* faba L.** Mohanad Rayed Azzam*
272-279	*-The Effect of Row Direction on the Productivity Traits of Some Sweet Corn Genotypes (Zea* mays L. saccharata. sturt)** Lubna Hydar*
280-295	– Ability of Natural Zeolite Ore to Bind Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions Batool Salameh* and Leila Habib
296-305	-Phytochemical Detection and Antimicrobial Activity of Centaurea ptosimopappa Abdel Aleem Bello and Tawfik Al-Boshi*
306-317	-Effect of Drainage Water on Some Soil Properties and Production of Quinoa, Study of Water and Fertilizers Requirements Mohammad Manhal Al-Zubi *, Haitham Eid, Mohammad Hakkoun, Mahmoud Barhoum, Razan Karfoul, Mahmoud Asaad, Khattar Darwish, Nawar Al Jrdi and Yamen Ahmad
318-332	– Applying Spectral Wheat Yield Prediction Program in Al-Raqqa Governorate Under Crisis Conditions Nasser Ibrahem*, Hayan Abo-Karam and Ali Ismail
333-350	-Study of Some Physical and Chemical Properties of El-Sen River Waters in Syrian Coastal Basin Taher Cheikho, Mahmoud Haj Issa and Hadi Dayoub*
351-363	-Effect of NPK Fertilization on the Productivity of Black Seed and Nutritional Balance Determination by Applying Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) Abd Al-ghani Khurshid, Wasem Adla, Ahmad Kattaa and Obaydah AlKatib*
364-376	-Net Profit Index Resulting from the Application of Agricultural Treatments Against Maize Stem Borers Ebraheem Al-Jouri*
377-385	-A Survey of Wheat Rust Diseases in Al- Hassakeh Governorate Alan Remo*
386-398	-The Effect of Biological Control of Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch by Using the Predatory Mite Phytoseiulus Persimilis Athias-Henroit on Growth and Productivity of Some Climbing Beans Cultivars Riad Zidan, Mohammad Ahmad, and Alisar Shaabow*
399-411	*-The Development of Peacock Eye Disease Caused by Spilocaea* oleagina on Khadairy Olive Variety in Latakia Governorate** Samer Ghanem*, Mohamed Tawil and Sabah Al-Maghribi
412-426	-Insects Associated with Sooty Mold Disease Alternaria alternata on Trees in Omer El-Mukhtar University Periphery, Libya Zahra Ibrahim El-Gali*, Eman Gebreal Abdul-Raff and Kamlla Abdel-Rahim El-Wahsh
427-436	-Study of the Distribution of Phytophthora Species on Strawberry and Evaluation their Damages in Tartous Governorate, Syria Abd Alrahman Khafta*
437-443	-The First Record in Syria of the Heart Shaped Soft Scale Insect Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) Homoptera: Coccidae and Recording its Predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleopteran: Coccinellidae) Rafeek Abboud*, Majedah Mofleh, Raeed Sbaih and Mohammad Ahmad
444-456	-Interaction Between Agricultural Extension and Barley Farmers and the Most Important Problems of Production in Sweida Governorate Safwan Abou Assaf*, Bassam Al Atalah, Ghada Janoud and Remal Saab
457-465	*-The Replacement Effect of Soybeans by Potatoes and Eggplant Peels on Common Carp Cyprinus* carpio L. Juveniles Growth** Khalid William Farnar*
466-476	-Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability for Grain Yield of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Tataricum Geartn) Manoj Kandel* and Jiban Shrestha
477-488	-Effect of Host-Plant on Life Table Parameters of Potato Tuber Moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) Gassan Youssef*
489-495	*– Micropropagation of Date Palm (Phoenix* dactylifera L.) Khadhrawy cv.** Wathiq Abdulmajeed*, Zahra Al- Hattab, Mahmood Al- Ani, Shuker Ebraheem and Jabbar Jabr

Quantitative Flow of Water, Sugars and Organic Acids in Individual Grape Fruits During Maturity

Rezk Shahood^*(1) and Charles Romieu⁽²⁾

(1). Agricultural Research in Latakia, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). INRA, Montpellier, France.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rezk Shahood. E-Mail: rezk.sh@hotmail.com).

Received: 10/05/2019 Accepted: 04/06/2019

Abstract

The study was conducted in order to compare the development of the individual grape fruit with those samples represented by the average number of asynchronous fruits in their development, so the flows of water, sugars and malic acid were determined in the individual fruits and their timing of development. The varieties of Pinot meunier and Syrah were used in the experimental SubAgro field, and the dwarf variety ML1 was used under laboratory-controlled conditions in Montpellier, France, during 2014/2015 season. The study was conducted using a single non-synchronized fruit (the ripening date not determined), and single fruits with defined ripening dates. The results showed non synchronicity at the beginning of sucrose storage, which is the main reason of fruits differentiation. Sugars import activity through the phloem started from softening and lasted for 26 days only. Sugar imports stopped at a concentration of 0.9 M, then sugar concentration is determined by shriveling in volume as a result of transpiration and evaporation. Growth enhanced during the first six days after ripening, then resumed. Malic acid became the major respiratory element during early ripening, where its contribution decreased rapidly and stopped in two weeks only.

Key words: Grapes, Fruits development, Metabolic flux, Sugars, Malic acid.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Study the Effect of Hybridization of Some Olive (Oleaeuropaea L.) Varieties on the Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Fruits and Seeds

Tala Al Fozo^*(1)

(1). Homs Agricultural Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Tala Al Fozo. E-Mail: talalfo544@gmail.com).

Received: 07/02/2018 Accepted: 04/04/2018

Abstract

The study was conducted on some local olive varieties i.e. Al Beareny (♀) and Al Gellet (♀), and on some foreign olive varieties i.e. Al Zorzalina (♂), Al – Frantoio (♂) and Picholine (♂), where grown in the genetic complex in Homs Agricultural Research Center, during 2016/2017, to study the effect of hybridization of the studied olive varieties on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruits and seeds, and to determine the best pollinator of the studied varieties, besides to study the incompatibility of each olive variety. According to the cross-pollination between olive varieties i.e. Al Beareny(♀), AlKaissi(♂), Al Zorzalina (♂), and Al – Frantoio (♂), the results showed that there were some changes in qualitative traits (fruits and seed shape), besides some quantitative changes (fruit and seed weight). It was noticed that self-compatibility of Al Beareny variety was partial. AlKaissi, Al Zorzalina and Al – Frantoio varieties cannot be used as good pollinators for Al Beareny. The results also exhibited the effect of hybridization Al Gellet (♀) variety with Picholine (♂) and AlDan (♂) on the quantitative traits of fruits and seed compared to the qualitative traits which did not influenced. Moreover, the self-compatibility of Al Gellet also was partial, and Picholineis is considered a good pollinator of AlGellet variety, while AlDan cannot be used as a good pollinator for Al Gellet.

Key words: Olea europaea L. Cross-pollination, Pollinator, Self-compatibility.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF