Tag Archives: peanut

Isolate and Identify of Storage Fungi in Two Varieties of ‎Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Detection their Ability for ‎the Toxins Secretion ‎

Magida Younis El-Kadi(1) and Zahra Ibrahim El-Gali*(1)

(1). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Omer Al-Mukhtar University, Libya.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Zahra Ibrahim El-Gali. E-Mail: Zahra.Ibrahim@omu.edu.ly).

Received: 31/03/2020                               Accepted: 21/05/2020

Abstract

In the present study, seeds of tow groundnut varieties viz. Landraces (local vs.) and Virginia were collected from different market places of El-Beida city, Libya, and seed mycoflora was isolated by standard blotter paper method and agar plate method, then identified and addition to be checked for toxin production on PSA, CMA and YSA solid media. The identified fungal isolates included Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. terreus, Cldosporium cladospoirides, Fusarium sp. and Penicillium italicum. Data revealed that both varieties were affected by the fungal species however, 30 % of A. niger on agar plate method and 25 % on standard blotter paper, while A. terreus had the least percent incidence of up to 2% on agar plate method. Large seeds were more prone to fungal contamination than small seeds and higher numbers of fungi were isolated on agar plate method used as compared to standard blotter paper method. Results of the ability of fungal isolates for secretion toxins after exposure to liquid ammonia were recorded that color changed in pigment with different intensities, and PSA medium was suitable for toxin secretion by A. flavus, A. niger and P. italicum.

Keywords: Storage fungi, Incubation tests, Toxins secretion, Peanut, Libya.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

The Effect of Water Deficit on Peanut Yield Using Drip Irrigation Method

Shaban Sulaiman*(1) Ayham Asbah(1) Hussam Almuhamad(1) Nidal Aljouni(2) and Ahmd Zleta(2)

(1). Tizen Station, Hama Agricultural Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Administration of Natural Resources, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Shaban Sulaiman. E.mail: shaban7310@gmail.com).

Received: 05/09/2018                                Accepted: 25/10/2018

Abstract

This search was carried out at Tizen Station, Hama Agriculture Research Center, during 2011 and 2012 seasons. The aim of this study is to improve water efficiency and to determine the critical stage for peanut under different levels of irrigation and to study the effect of irrigation levels on yield. Complete randomized block design with four replicates was used. Four treatments of irrigation were applied, the first level (A 100%) was applied when the soil humidity was 75 % of field capacity. At the second level (B) the irrigation was done at 75 % of level A, while at the level C the irrigation was done at 50% of level A, and at the level D the irrigation was done at 25 % of level A. Drip irrigation was used and the irrigation control depended on the differences  of soil moisture by using Neutron Brobe. The values of ETO were calculated depending on meteo data of climatic station. The results indicated that the level A was superior to other levels in yield (3.643 ton/ha), but the best level in water efficiency and yield was level B (0.72 kg/m3, and 2.153 ton/ha), also the water requirement of this level was 2639 m3/ha.

Key words: Peanut, Drip irrigation, KC, Water deficit.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

Response of Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) to Different Types and Doses of Boron Fertilizer under Deficit Irrigation Conditions

Wael Fahme AL Rhman Al Shoummary(1) and Aiymen Ahmed AL-Abassi*(2)    

(1). Agriculture Directorate of Anbar. Ministry of Agriculture, Anbar, Iraq.

(2). Education Directorate of Diyala. Ministry of Education, Diyala, Iraq.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Aiymen Ahmed AL-Abassi. E-Mail: aiymenahmed@yahoo.com).

Received: 02/05/2018                                Accepted: 01/10/2018

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during summer season 2013 at AL-Anbar Governorate to study the response of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) to different concentrations and types of boron under deficit irrigation conditions. A split-split plot design was laid out in three replications. Three concentrations of boron (0، 150، and 300) mg/l were sprayed. The experiment also included three levels of irrigation (50, 75 and 100) % of depth of irrigation. The results showed that the concentration of 150 mg/l of sprayed boron caused an increase in dry root and plant weight, pod yield and dressing ratio (12.50 g/plant, 380.96 g/plant,320.08  g/plant, %74.9 and 1.170 Kg/m3 respectively. The level of 75% of depth of irrigation gave best indicators for both dry root and plant weight, pod yield and dressing ratio (48.17 cm, 14.83 g/plant, 452.23 g/plant, 357.25 g/plant and 87.6% respectively. The results also showed that the effect of triple interaction between types and concentrations of boron and levels of irrigation was insignificant for most of the traits except dry plant weight.

Keyword: Foliar spray. Boron. Irrigation levels, peanut.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Efficiency of Some Biotical-Fungi against Parasitic Nematode on Peanut Rhizosphere

Sobhya Al-Arabi*(1) Maymouna Al masri(1) Rabieaa Al baka(1) Faysal Al  Farawati(1) and Mazen Albasaleh(1)

(1). Plant Protection Research Administration, General Commission for Agricultural Scientific Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.                                                 (*Corresponding author: Eng. Sobhya Al-Arabi. E-Mail: sobhia_alarabi@hotmail.com).

Received: 15/11/ 2015                           Accepted: 01/01/ 2016

Abstract

Efficiency of some biotical-fungi (Fusarium moniliform, Trichoderma harzianum, Pacilomyces lilacinus, Gliocladium virens and nematicide Fenamiphos EC 40% (0.7 ml/l) were evaluated to reduce the density of parasitic nematode of peanut plants rhizosphere in Hama (Dimo) and Latakia (Eidiya) governorates, Syria, during 2011. Results showed that all tested biotical-fungi were efficient to control the parasitic nematode; they contributed in the growth of peanut plants and increased their productivity by 55% in comparison with control plants. An obvious effect of the application time of these fungi was recorded; the treatment at planting time was superior significantly with 97 to 100% compared with the treatment in the midseason after 70 days of planting of 52.7 to 74%. Meanwhile, no significant differences were recorded when these fungi were applied in two different regions (central and coastal) to decrease population of the parasitic nematode of peanut.

Keywords: Biotical-fungi, Fenamiphos, Fusarium moniliform, Pacilomyces lilacinus, Trichoderma harzianum, Gliocladium virens, peanut, Syria.

Full paper in Arabi: Efficiency of Some Biotical-Fungi against Parasitic Nematode on Peanut Rhizosphere