Tag Archives: Half- diallel cross

General and Specific Combining Ability for Some Fodder Components Yield Traits of Pearl Millet Single Crosses [Pennisetum glaucum )L.( R. Br.]

Ghassan AL Lahham*(1) Elias Aweel(1) Saoud Shehab(1)  Majeda  AL Rwely(1) Razan AL Najjar(1) Reem AL Mansour(1) Ali  Wannous(1)  Thamer AL Hniesh(1)  

(1). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: E-Mail: gh_lahham@hotmail.com).

Received: 02/05/2019                                Accepted: 01/10/2019

Abstract

Half diallel set of crosses between six inbred lines of pearl millet were executed at First of May Research station, Syria, during 2011 and 2012 seasons to study  the heterosis, and general and specific combining ability components for silking date (day), plant  height(cm), number of leaves, number of tillers per plant and green and dry fodder yield (ton/ha), to be compared with the average. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications. The results showed that the variation of inbred lines and crosses was highly significant in the inheritance of all studied traits, and the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities mean squares of the inbred lines, and crosses were significant for all traits, this showed the contribution of additive and non-additive gene action in those traits. The ratio of σ2GCA/σ2SCA showed the dominance of additive gene action in inheritance of these traits. Heterosis of hybrids (P1 × P4, P1 × P6, P2 × P3, P3 × P6, P4 × P6 and P5 × P6) was significant compared with mid and better parents for most studied traits in particular green and dry fodder yield. The lines (P6, P5, P4) also showed a positive and significant general ability for yield of green and dry forage. while the hybrids (P1 × P2, P1 × P3, P2 × P6 and P4 × P6) had the highest significant good SCA for green fodder yield (14.22**, 16.37**, 17.92** and 31.92**) respectively. This confirms the need to include them in the selection and breeding programs of this crop.

Key words: Pearl millet, Half diallel cross, GCA, SCA, Heterosis.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

Combining Ability Estimation of Earliness Traits and Yield Components in Some Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes

Saleh Saleh(1) Mohammed Shafik Hakim(1) Abdullah Al-Yousef*(2) and Ahmed Shams ElDien Shaaban(3)

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Aleppo Agricultural Research Center, General Community for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3). Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Technical Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Addullah Al-Youssef. E-Mail: dr.abdalyoussef@gmail.com).

Received: 19/03/2018                                Accepted: 19/04/2018

Abstract

The research was conducted at Al_Sfireh location in Aleppo during 2015/2016 and 2016/207 seasons to estimate general combining ability GCA and specific combining ability SCA for seven genotypes of barley. Three of them were local: Arabi Aswad (P1), Arabi Abyad (P2) and Furat 3 (P3), and four entries were: Alanda-01 (P4), Rihan-03 (P5), Arizona (P6) and Avit (P7). Half-Diallel cross system were preformed between parents at first season. In the second season, parents and hybrids were planted to study days to heading (DTH), days to maturity (DTM), fertile tillering number per plant (FT), grain number per main spike (GN) and thousand kernel weight (TKW). The parents p1 and p3 showed a high general combining ability for the most studied traits.  The hybrid (P1×P3) had significant value for SCA effects in most studied traits. The hybrids: (P4×P6, P5×P7, P4×P5) had significant value for SCA effects for (GN). Variance component of GCA and SCA were highly significant, and this indicates to the importance of additive and non-additive gene action in inheritance of the studied traits. The ratio of GCA/SCA was less than 1.0 for DTH, DTM and TKW and this indicates to importance of dominant and over dominant genes in inheritance of these traits. Whereas the ratio was bigger than 1.0 for FT and GN and this indicates to importance of accumulated genes in inheritance of these traits

Key Words: Half-Diallel cross, Combining ability, Earliness, Yield, Barley.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

Genetic Behavior of Some Quantitative Traits of Yellow Maize (Zea mays L.) Single Crosses

Ali Wannows*(1) Samir AL Ahmad(2) Ghassan AL Lahham(1) Razan AL Najjar(1)  Elias Aweel(1) and Reem AL Mansour(1)

(1). Maize Research Department, Crops Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Agricultural Research Center of Tartous, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ali Wannows. E-Mail: aliwannows@yahoo.com).

Received: 11/02/2017                           Accepted: 27/03/2017

Abstract

Half diallel set of crosses between six inbred lines of maize were executed at Maize Research Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, during 2010 and 2011 seasons to study heterosis, general and specific combining ability components for grain yield (ton/ha), ear height, length and diameter (cm), and silking date (day)  compared with control varieties Basel-1 and the hybrid Spirou S-4-985 to identify the best hybrid in terms of yield. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replicates. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares of the inbred lines, and crosses were significant for all traits, except SCA mean square for ear height. This showed the contribution of additive and non-additive gene action in those traits. The ratio of σ2GCA/σ2SCA showed the dominance of additive gene action for ear height and length, but non-additive gene action for grain yield, and silking date. On the other hand, it indicated additive and non-additive gene action for ear diameter. Heterosis of all hybrids for all traits was significant compared with mid and better parents. The results confirmed that the lines IL.766-06, and IL.792-06 had a good GCA for grain yield, while four hybrids had a good SCA, which means the necessity to be included in yield trails, specifically the hybrid (IL.459-06 × IL.292-06) for grain yield.

Key words: Maize, Half diallel cross, GCA, SCA, Heterosis.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

The Combining Ability for Grain Yield and Some Secondary Traits of Some Maize Crosses under Water Stress Conditions

Majeda AL- Rwaily*(1) Ayman Shehada AL-Ouda(2) Samir AL-Ahmad(1) and Rshad ALobaid(1)

(1). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Majeda Al-Rwaily. E-Mail: r.majeda@gmail.com).

Received: 09/07/2016                       Accepted: 10/10/2016

Abstract                 

Half diallel cross among six inbred lines was conducted at the Scientific Agricultural Research Center in Deir Ezzor, during the growing season 2010. The fifteen crosses and the two local checks Ghoota82 and Basel-1 were evaluated during the growing season 2011, after being exposed to water stress during flowering and grain filling stages, in order to study the genetic behavior through estimating the general and specific combining ability of some secondary traits determining the grain yield i.e., anthesis silking interval, number of ears and per plant, number of grains per ear, 100 grain weight and harvest index, and to determine the response of maize genotypes for water stress through flowering and grain filling stages. The trial was conducted according to randomized block design, with tree replications. Results showed that GCA and SCA mean square of both lines and crosses were highly significant for most of the investigated traits indicating that inbred lines had variation and genetic diversity. The ratio σ2 GCA /σ2 SCA indicated the importance of the non-additive gene action for grain yield under water stress conditions during flowering and grain filling stages, while the non-additive gene action dominated of all other traits under water stress during the grain filling stage and full irrigation. The two lines p3 (IL344T.C-2007) and p2 (IL1081T.C-2009) revealed the best GCA. The hybrids p2×p3 (IL1081-2009×IL344-2007), and p1×p3 (IL441-2009×IL344-2007) showed the best SGA for grain yield trait.

Keywords: Maize. Combining ability, Water stress, Grain yield, Half diallel cross.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Genetic Behavior for Some Productive and Qualitative Traits of Soybean Genotypes [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

Ghrood Al Aswd*(1)  Ghassan AL Lahham(1)  and Saoud Shehab(1)

(1). Crops Researcher Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Dr. Ghrood Al Aswd. E-Mail: ghroodaswd@yahoo.com).

Received: 28/10/ 2015                                     Accepted: 02/12/ 2015

Abstract

The present investigation was conducted at the 1st May Station in General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, during two successive seasons 2011 and 2012. The main objective was to study both the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities and mid and better-parents heterosis of days to flowering, 100 seeds weight, percent of oil, percent of protein and grain yield. Half diallel cross was employed in randomized complete blocks design with four replications. Results revealed the dominance of variances of specific combining ability of yield and 100 seeds weight, indicating the importance of non-additive gene action. Therefore, these traits were affected by the over-dominance gene effect, while the additive gene action was predominant for days to flowering, percent of oil and percent of protein, that means the last three characters were affected by partial-dominance gene effect. The hybrids Sb239×Sb308, Sb235×Sb305, Sb235×Sb298, Sb181×Sb305 and  Sb181×Sb235 showed a positive and significant heterosis values comparing with best parent for grain yield trait. Because of that they are subjected to the over dominance effect, and most of those hybrids owned significant and positive SCA, this is can be attributed to the strong genetic relationship between them, because their effect is related to the existence of dominance.

Keywords: Half- diallel cross, General and specific combining ability, Heterosis, Soybean.

Full paper in Arabic:

السلوكية الوراثية لبعض الصفات الإنتاجية والنوعية لطرز من فول الصويا  [.Glycine max (L.) Merr]