A Survey Study on Mushroom Cultivation Knowledge of ‎Participant’s at Kapasia in Gazipur, Bangladesh ‎

Kamal Krishna Mistry^*(1)and Kazi Farhad Iqubal⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Akbar Ali Khan Technical Institute (Education Complex) under the Ministry of Education, Comilla-3517, Bangladesh.

(2). Department of Environmental Science, State University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Kamal Krishna Mistry, E-Mail: kkmistryphd@yahoo.com ).

Received: 05/02/2020 Accepted: 23/03/2020

Abstract

The survey was carried out to determine the knowledge of mushroom cultivation by the farmers. The study was conducted at five villages of Kapasia Gazipur in Bangladesh. Data was collected randomly from 97 selected trained farmers from list of 972 farmers of the study area that was done through personal contact by interview schedule during the period from 01 to 30 June 2019. The study revealed that the highest 60.82% of the respondents had medium knowledge on mushroom cultivation, while 27.64 percent had low knowledge and the rest 16.50 percent had the highest knowledge on mushroom cultivation. The correlation analysis indicated that education, belief about the mushroom, neighborhood influence, length of training, organizational participation and adoption of mushroom cultivation of the farmers. Age, family size and extension contact had no significant relationships with their knowledge of mushroom cultivation.

Key words: Mushroom cultivation, Trained farmers, Bangladesh.

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Households Solid Wastes (HSW) Management at Azimpure ‎Colony in Dhaka City

Kamal Krishna Mistry^*(1)and Kazi Farhad Iqubal⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Akbar Ali Khan Technical Institute (Education Complex) under the Ministry of Education, Comilla-3517, Bangladesh.

(2). Department of Environmental Science, State University, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Kamal Krishna Mistry, E-Mail: kkmistryphd@yahoo.com ).

Received: 05/02/2020 Accepted: 03/04/2020

Abstract

This study was carried out with HSW and environmental pollution at Azimpur Colony in Dhaka City, Bangladesh to find out the HSW components, management, and the respondents’ view about environmental pollution. Data was collected randomly from 150 selected respondents through questionnaires by personal interviews from the study area in May, 2018 and data analyzed with the SPSS program. The study revealed that waste collection managed by ‘Tokai/Collectors’ and the waste generation recorded 0.42 Kg/Cap/Day. Vegetables and food waste (73.91%) were found dominant and the less amount was leather and rubber (0.72%). The most respondents (57%) had been preferred to place of waste in the dustbin and 40% of the respondents were agreed to waste collection by ‘rickshaw-vans’. The maximum 85% of people preferred daily waste disposal. Majority respondents were given their opinions that environmental pollution caused by HSW and awareness build up.

Key-words: HSW, Management, Environmental pollution, Dhaka city.

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The Effect of Rain Fluctuation and the Strategies of Agricultural Accommodativeness of Millet Crop in Umm Kaddada Locality, North of Darfour, Sudan

Khalid Mansour Yousif Mansour*⁽¹⁾ Ahmed Abualgasim Abdulrasoul⁽²⁾ and Mohammed Amer Ahmed Mohammed⁽³⁾

(1). Geography Department, Faculty of Education, Alfashir University, Sudan.

(2). Geography Department, Faculty of Arts, Alfashir University, Sudan.

(3). Geography Department, Faculty of Education, El Imam El Mahdi University, Sudan.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Khalid Mansour. E-mail: wadmanssour@gmail.com).

Received: 17/11/2019 Accepted: 31/12/2019

Abstract

The study aimed to detect the fluctuation of rain and the strategies of agricultural accommodativeness for millet crop in Umm Kaddada locality. The study applied the historical, regional and quantitative methods. The data was collected by observation and personal interviews, in addition to distributing 158 questionnaires. Moreover, the study relied on annual and monthly climatic statements and annual agricultural survey. The study showed that there was great fluctuation in rain rate from 1980 to 2016, which led to the reduction of millet crops which is the main food of the population. Due to rain fluctuation and recurrent failure of agriculture, the farmers invent a number of strategies as alternative solutions to ensure production such as early farming, variation of agricultural crops, and economical and agricultural solidarity. The study recommended the importance of developing Meteorology Station; and to take the advantage of remote sensing technology in agriculture to survey and to estimate the production.

Key words: Rain fluctuation; Early farming; Millet crop; Strategies of agricultural accommodativeness.

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Analytical Economic Study of the Production of Cut Flowers in the Syrian Coast (Gypsophilla Model)

Ziad Sarhil^*(1) Mahmoud Alio⁽¹⁾ and Abdul Hadi Rifai⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

.(2)Department of Statistics and Programming, Faculty of Economics, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

*) Corresponding author: Eng. Ziad Sarhil. E-Mail: sarhilziadof@yahoo.com).

Received: 02/06/2019 Accepted: 24/07/2019

Abstract

The main objective of the research was to analyze the economic costs of production of gypsum crops in the Syrian coast, in addition to the study and analysis of economic indicators related to economic efficiency. The research was carried out based on a semi-intentional sample. The field data were collected during the agricultural season (2017/2018) obtained from the personal interview with 15 farmers in the coastal area. As a result of the study, the average annual net profit achieved by the plastic house planted with gypsum was 1139352 SP, while the profit factor compared to the invested capital was 58.2%, and compared to the production costs it was 98.1%, so it was a very good indicator in agricultural investment since the profitability rate was about 98 SP per 100 SP invested annually, and the turnover rate of variable assets was 2.6. The results showed that the economic efficiency index was 1.98, which was greater than the correct one. This indicated the efficiency of the exploitation of fixed and variable capital in a good and ideal manner and the feasibility of producing gypsum crops in the coastal area. The study concluded that this modern agriculture should be adopted and integrated as a complementary agriculture to the traditional one in the Syrian coast, according to the economic savings that it achieves for the agricultural investor, diversifying sources of income and improving their standard of living.

Keywords: Gypsum, Production costs, Labor cost, Economic efficiency, Profitability factor, Capital recovery period.

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An Economic Study for the Recycling of Forest Waste in Latakia Governorate

Lina Kharma^*(1) Ghassan Yaqoub⁽¹⁾ and Walaa Adra⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Forestry and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Eng. Lina Khalil Khrma. E-mail: linorkh23@gmail.com).

Received: 16/06/2019 Accepted: 02/08/2019

Abstract

This research aimed to highlight on the forest waste and showing its economic importance. This research was carried out in Latakia governorate and the data werecollected during the period 2009-2018. The descriptive and statistical analysis were used in evaluation and monitoring according to the percentage method in addition to the statistical program SPSS. The study showed that the highest quantity of forest waste was in 2010 at a rate of 10249 tons of industrial wood, 28.6% and 208.5 tons at 22.6% and coal at a rate of 3.200 tons and 99.6% and the quantity of these wastes was in 2012 of 667 tons of industrial wood by 1.9%. The highest percentage of financial revenues outcoming from the sale of forest waste in 2017 was 31.1% at a rate of 108 million Syrian pounds. The lowest revenue in 2013 was 2.9% at a rate of 10 million Syrian pounds. The cost of producing one ton of forest waste in 2018 was 43 thousand Syrian pounds and the income rate from of forest waste per hectare in 2018 was about 20881 Syrian pounds.

Keywords: Forest waste, Charcoal, Coal, Industrial wood, Economic study.

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Evaluation of Agricultural Policies of Most Important Crops in Egypt Using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)

Moataz Eliw Mostafa Ahmed^{*(1, 2)}

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.

(2). College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P.R. China.

(*Corresponding Author: Moataz Eliw Mostafa Ahmed. E-mail: moatazeliw@azhar.edu.eg).

Received: 17/09/2019 Accepted: 04/12/2019

Abstract

Agricultural production, like other economic activities, is affected by the success of agricultural economic policies pursued by government from leaving the farmer free to cultivate his land with the desired crops, and to take his production and marketing decisions in light of the mechanisms of supply and demand and the movement of prices in the markets without any intervention by the government. Therefore, the government’s intervention influences the farmers’ desire to grow any of the crops through its agricultural policies by imposing taxes or subsidizing inputs. Wheat, maize, rice, and potatoes are among the most crucial strategic food and industrial crops in Egypt. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) can be estimated by calculating nominal and effective protection coefficients, and then identifying the policy adopted by the government, whether it is a protectionist policy or a policy of direct or indirect taxes on the producers of those crops, as well as the calculation of the cost of domestic resources to determine the relative advantage. The results showed that the financial value of workers’ wages in the production of wheat, maize, rice and potatoes at market prices exceeded the border prices, while the values of the nominal protection coefficients of outputs were about 0.81, 0.81, 0.80 and 0.83 for wheat, maize, rice and potatoes respectively. Nominal protection coefficient values for production inputs were 0.83, 0.83, 0.85 and 0.84 respectively for the four crops, while the effective protection plant values for wheat, maize, rice and potato crops were 0.80, 0.80, 0.80 and 0.84, respectively. The values of the comparative advantage of the four crops, respectively, were 0.49, 0.52, 0.38 and 0.37.

Keywords: Policy analysis matrix, Nominal protection coefficient, Effective protection coefficient, Domestic resource costs.

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Using Exploratory Factor Analysis to Define the Most Important Problems Facing the Poultry Sector in Al – Swaida Governorate

Maya Al-Abdalla^*(1)Safwan Abou Assaf⁽¹⁾ and Afraa Sallowm⁽²⁾

(1). Socio Economic Directorate, Swaida Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Maya Al- Abdala. E-Mail: mayaabdala6@gmail.com).

Received: 23/06/2019 Accepted: 03/08/2019

Abstract

This research aimed to identify the most important variables (problems) in the poultry sector in the governorate of Swaida. Thus, to study the factors responsible for explaining the largest percentage of the total variance using the exploratory analysis. The research data based on a questionnaire that included problems according to the opinion of the breeders during the season 2018. This questions targeted a random sample of 104 breeders, which were equivalent to 50% of the total statistical size of the targeted community. The research sample consisted of the breeders of poultry sector in the province of Swaida. The analysis method based on the use of the exploratory analysis, using the principal components method, and the orthogonal rotation of the axes in the Varimax method. The results showed that there were four factors significantly combine the twelve study variables, where these factors had an eigenvalue greater than one each, and they accounted for 64.722% of the total variation. These factors represented feed problems, quality of the production requirements, quantity of chicks and increasing of fodder prices. Specifically, they explained about (19.385%, 18.736%, 13.374% and 13.226%) respectively of the total variance.

Key words: Exploratory factor analysis, Rotation, Varimax method, Poultry.

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Value Chain analysis of Production Units of Fancy Molasses from Sugarcane in Minya Governorate, Egypt

Harb El. Hasseen El-Bardisy*⁽¹⁾ and Mohamed Najy Bakr⁽¹⁾

(1). Agricultural Economics Dep, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azher University at Assiut, Assiut, Egypt.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Harb El. Hasseen El-Bardisy. E-Mail: harb.ahmed@azhar.edu.eg).

Received: 17/10/2019 Accepted: 06/11/2019

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the value chain of fancy molasses production units by analyzing the business activities in the value chain, measuring job opportunities and identifying the main problems that affec the different actions in value chains of the production units in Egypt (the juicers). The study showed that there were idle capacities in the units of production estimated about 13 thousand tons annually during the period (2009/2010-2017/2018), which represented about 26% of the available production capacity, and there was an increase in the exports of fancy molasses or black honey during the study period at an annual rate did not prove statistically significant which estimated 0.25 tons. It was found that the most important stages of increasing chain value which need to focus on is the process of collecting reeds due to its high costs, which is estimated about 563 pounds/ton cane on average, and the estimated cost of producing per quintal (45 kg) of fancy molasses was about 210.50 pounds/quintal, which was considered the weighted selling price at which costs were equal to revenue. The study showed that final markets for sugar cane honey were represented in three main markets i.e. wholesale markets which accounted 74.51% of the total domestic market, retail markets which accounted 15.92% and street vendors which accounted 6.9%. The average of profit of wholesalers is about 828 pounds/quintal, which is more than 3 times of the value of buying a quintal in a wholesale price (270 g/quintal), and retailers earned about 729 pounds/quintal, which is more than twice of the value of buying a quintal in retail price (360 g/quintal) and street vendors earned about 759 pounds/quintal, which represented 1.9 times the purchase price. It was found that one fancy molasses quintal produced from honey cane provides about 0.25 job opportunities, and the average of net profit of quintal is 81.40 pounds/quintal for the sugar cane production units. The average cost per quintal of the study sample is 210.5 pounds/quintal. The price of sugar cane honey is increasing with the product movements throughout the supply chain, starting from the unit sale to the surroundings for 261 pounds/ quintal, 270 pounds/quintal for wholesalers, 360 pounds/quintal for retailers and 382.5 pounds/quintal for street vendors. The product price represented a very low percentage of the consumer price, which estimated 24% for wholesalers, 32% for retailers and 34% for street vendors. The recommendations were to develop production processes, especially inputs for small units and to focus on activities that generate chain value-added, and finance through wholesale markets, also the State adoption of the problems of producers and work on them, particularly during the period of production and marketing of the product which are considered as income-generating activities for medium level families, besides providing food for low-income people.

Key words: Value chain, Fancy molasses, production units, Production and manufacturing activities, Economic and marketing performance.

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Study on Extension and Technical Problems of Mobile Beekeepers in Yemen

Mohammed Alsharhi* ⁽¹⁾ Ali Hassan Khalil⁽²⁾and Gamal Alsharabi⁽³⁾

(1). Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Yemen.

(2). Department of Agricultural Extension and Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibb University, Yemen

(3). Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibb University, Yemen.

(*Corresponding author correspondent: Dr. Mohammed Alsharhi. E-Mail: alsharhi@gmail.com).

Received: 17/05/2019 Accepted: 02/10/2019

Abstract

This study carried out in 2018 at Thamar Governorate of Yemen. The study utilized descriptive research approach to fulfill its objectives. An 85 mobile beekeepers who own about 24095 beehives were purposefully selected. The data were collected through administrative questionnaires through personal interview. The findings of the study showed that Thamar, Hodeida, Ibb and Sanaa were the best governorates for growing and development bee. Whereas, Amran, Marib, Hajah, Saadah, Shabwah, Taiz, Hadramout, Hodeida, and Thamar were the governorates which produced Sidr honey, however, Hodeida governorate was the only governorate which produces Sallam honey. Furthermore, Ibb governorate produced Sawrab honey. The study reported that the main problems that identified by the mobile beekeepers were 100% practicing traditional beekeeping, 82% presence of pests and diseases, 73% lack of feeding supplements, 47% pesticide poisoning and 35% of beekeepers who stated the lack of bee forage.

Key words: Beekeeping, Mobile beekeepers, Agriculture extension, Beekeepers, Yemen.

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Competitiveness Indicators of Egyptian Potatoes in the Global Market

Moataz Eliw Mostafa Ahmed^*(1)

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Moataz Eliw Mostafa Ahmed. E-Mail: moatazeliw@gmail.com).

Received: 22/09/2019 Accepted: 10/11/2019

Abstract

The dependence on export is the most crucial developmental approach in the economy of any country as an essential pillar of economic growth. Egyptian potato exports have a relatively large share of the agricultural trade balance. Thus, the development of agricultural exports is one of the main axes in the Egyptian agricultural development policy. Where Egyptian agriculture has good ingredients and a comparative advantage in the production of potatoes, which enables it to compete with countries in the essential markets imported this crop. The study relied on the descriptive and quantitative statistical analysis methods and the estimation of the general time trend equations for the development of the cultivated area, productivity and total production of potatoes. The general time trend equations of the total production showed statistically, at a significant level of 0.01 a positive value which accounted 223.78 thousand tons per year. Also, some indicators of competitive export performance were used as an indicator of the efficiency of export performance. The results showed that it was higher than zero in all years of study confirming the existence of competitive export. The results showed that Egypt ranked tenth as the average quantity of potato exports was 312.93 thousand tons, which represented 2.58% of the average world potato exports during the period 2010-2013. In terms of instability index, it was found during the study period that there was an instability in the quantity of potato crop exports, which reached a minimum value of 1.14% in 2013, and a highest value of 51.84% in 2014.

Key words: Competitiveness price, Market share, Instability coefficient.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF