In vitro Mutagenesis for Increasing Drought Tolerance and Molecular Characterization in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. “Black Matrouh”

Rehab N. Al-Mousa*(1) Neveen A. Hassan(2) Ramzy G. Stino(3) and Amina H. Gomaa(3)

(1). Department of Biotechnology, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.
(2). National Gene Bank and Genetic Resources, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
(3). Pomology Department, Faculty of agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rehab N. Al-Mousa. Email: bebo_moussa13@yahoo.com).

Received: 01/08/ 2015                                     Accepted: 29/10/ 2015

Abstract

This study was conducted at the National Gene Bank and Atomic Energy Commission, Egypt started in 2012 to 2014; to produce grape (Vitis vinifera L.) plantlets more tolerant to drought. Shoot tip explants of grape cv. “Black Matrouh” were irradiated with various doses (0-50 Gray) of gamma rays and three vegetative generations (from M1V1 to M1V3) were obtained. To induce drought stress, different concentrations (0, 5 and 10 gl-1) of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) were added to the media. The sensitivity of shoot tip explants to radiation increased gradually with increasing gamma rays dose, and LD50 was found at 50 Gray. Elevated shoot number and length were observed with increasing the subculture number. Under drought stress, vegetative and rooting parameters gradually decreased at the same radiation dose with increasing PEG concentration. Explants could tolerate the hard effect of drought when irradiated with 20 Gray of gamma rays. Out of the 20 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat primers used, 6 primers (17898-B, 852, ISSR-35, 834, 889 and HB-9) generated 8 unique bands in plants irradiated with 20 Gray that could be considered as potential markers for initial estimation and selection of drought tolerance in grape.

Keywords: Grape, Gamma rays, LD50, Drought tolerance, PEG, ISSR analysis.

full paper: In vitro Mutagenesis for Increasing Drought Tolerance and Molecular Characterization in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. “Black Matrouh”.

Influence of Some Iron Compounds in the correction of Iron Deficiency in Grape Trees, Helwani cultivar

Badr AL-deen Jalab*(1) and Mohammad Yahia Al-Saied Al-Sallom(2) 

(1). Natural Resources Directorate, Agricultural Research Center in Aleppo, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Aleppo, Syria.
(2). Horticulture Directorate, Agricultural Research Center in Aleppo, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Bard AL-deen Jalab, E-mail: b.jalab@yahoo.com).

Received: 10/03/ 2015                                     Accepted: 20/06/ 2015

Abstract

The research was conducted during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 at Sarbaya Station (25 km south east of Aleppo), in grape orchard cultivated Halwani variety, which grafted on rootstock 41B. The grapes tree’ age was 14 years, to study the respond of grape trees to foliar and ground fertilization with some  compounds of iron to solve the chlorosis which caused by deficiency of iron. The results showed that the foliar fertilization with ferrous sulfate gave the best productivity and high economic revenue, and the best average of sugar and total soluble solids (TSS) in berries juice, whereas the foliar fertilization with ferrous sulfate and humic achieved the best results for to solve the chlorosis, due to the increase of iron concentration in leaves after the first spray directly. While, the foliar spray with iron chelate detected the highest accumulated iron in leaves after three sprays, which solve the chlorosis phenomena for a long period.

Key words: Grape, Foliar and ground fertilization, Iron compounds.

Full paper in Arabic: تأثير بعض مركبات الحديد في معالجة نقص الحديد على شجيرات العنب صنف حلواني