Tag Archives: Drought tolerance

Study of Genetic Variability and Traits Correlations in Some Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes under Wet and Dry Conditions in Syria

Abdullatef Ahmad Al-Assaf*(1) Mohammad Shafik Hakim(2) Mohammad Fadi Basmaji(1) and Stefania Grando(3)

(1).  Aleppo Agricultural Research Center, General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(3). International Center of Agricultural Research in Dry Area (ICARDA), Aleppo Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng: Abdullatef Ahmad Al-Assaf. E-Mail: a.alassaf74@gmail.com).

Received: 14/10/2018                                Accepted: 29/11/2018

Abstract

Experiment was conducted out at Tal Hadya and Houmeimeh Stations in Aleppo Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Researche (GCSAR) during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons. Forty-three barley genotypes were used with three replications under RCBD design. The aim of search was to study phenotypic, genetic and ecological variability, with heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations. Genotypes were evaluated for: plant height, spike length, grain number per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield, besides some root traits. The results showed a large variability through studied traits. The genetic and phenotypic variances were larger than ecological variance for most traits. The highest value for heritability was 91.12% for plant high. Under dry conditions, plant growth was significantly decreased as measured by all characters. The percentage of reduction, ranging from 66.96 % to 1.90 % was recorded on grain yield and kernel weight, respectively. The injury index ranging from 2,03 to 0.02 was recorded on grain yield and kernel weight, respectively. The correlation coefficients among characters were nearly the same in the wet and dry experiments. Positive and highly significant correlation (r=0.95**) was found between the percentage of reduction and injury index. Using GGE Biplot the genotypes were arranged in three, clearly separated groups that varied in their tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes: 4, 17, 16, 18 and 28 were tolerant to drought stress.

Key words: Barley, Genotypic variation, Genotypic correlation, Injury index, Drought tolerance.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Study of Genetic Variability and Traits Correlations in Some Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes under Wet and Dry Conditions in Syria

Abdullatef Ahmad Al-Assaf*(1) Mohammad Shafik Hakim(2) Mohammad Fadi Basmaji(1) and Stefania Grando(3)

(1). Aleppo Agricultural Research Center, General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(3) . International Center of Agricultural Research in Dry Area (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Abdullatef Ahmad Al-Assaf. E-Mail: a.alassaf74@gmail.com).

Received: 14/10/2018                                Accepted: 29/11/2018

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at Tal Hadya and Houmeimeh Agricultural Stations in Aleppo Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Researche (GCSAR) during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons. Forty-three barley genotypes were used with three replications under RCBD design. The aim of the research was to study the phenotypic, genetic and environmental variability, heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations. Genotypes were evaluated for plant height, spike length, grain number per spike, thousand grains weight and grain yield, besides some root traits. The results showed a large variability within studied traits. The genetic and phenotypic variances were larger than environmental variance for most traits. The highest value of heritability was 91.12% for plant high. Under dry conditions, plant growth was significantly decreased as measured by all characters. The percentages of reduction, ranged from 66.96 % to 1.90 % for grain yield and grain weight, respectively. The injury index ranged from 2,03 to 0.02 for grain yield and grain weight, respectively. The correlation coefficients among characters were nearly the same in the wet and dry locations. Positive and highly significant correlation (r=0.95**) was found between the percentage of reduction and injury index. Using GGE Biplot the genotypes were arranged in three groups that varied in their tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes 4, 17, 16, 18, and 28 were tolerant to drought stress.

Key words: Barley, Genotypic variation, Genotypic correlation, Injury index, Drought tolerance.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

In vitro Mutagenesis for Increasing Drought Tolerance and Molecular Characterization in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. “Black Matrouh”

Rehab N. Al-Mousa*(1) Neveen A. Hassan(2) Ramzy G. Stino(3) and Amina H. Gomaa(3)

(1). Department of Biotechnology, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.
(2). National Gene Bank and Genetic Resources, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
(3). Pomology Department, Faculty of agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rehab N. Al-Mousa. Email: bebo_moussa13@yahoo.com).

Received: 01/08/ 2015                                     Accepted: 29/10/ 2015

Abstract

This study was conducted at the National Gene Bank and Atomic Energy Commission, Egypt started in 2012 to 2014; to produce grape (Vitis vinifera L.) plantlets more tolerant to drought. Shoot tip explants of grape cv. “Black Matrouh” were irradiated with various doses (0-50 Gray) of gamma rays and three vegetative generations (from M1V1 to M1V3) were obtained. To induce drought stress, different concentrations (0, 5 and 10 gl-1) of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) were added to the media. The sensitivity of shoot tip explants to radiation increased gradually with increasing gamma rays dose, and LD50 was found at 50 Gray. Elevated shoot number and length were observed with increasing the subculture number. Under drought stress, vegetative and rooting parameters gradually decreased at the same radiation dose with increasing PEG concentration. Explants could tolerate the hard effect of drought when irradiated with 20 Gray of gamma rays. Out of the 20 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat primers used, 6 primers (17898-B, 852, ISSR-35, 834, 889 and HB-9) generated 8 unique bands in plants irradiated with 20 Gray that could be considered as potential markers for initial estimation and selection of drought tolerance in grape.

Keywords: Grape, Gamma rays, LD50, Drought tolerance, PEG, ISSR analysis.

full paper: In vitro Mutagenesis for Increasing Drought Tolerance and Molecular Characterization in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. “Black Matrouh”.