Jamil Abbas(1) and Hafez Mahmoud AlSalman*(1)
(1). Renewable Natural Resources and Environment Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Eng. Hafez Mahmoud AlSalman. E-Mail: hafsel80@gmail.com).
Received: 19/03/2019 Accepted: 17/07/2019
Abstract
The research was conducted in 2009 at Tal Al-Tot watershed in Salmiya, Hama governorate, with has an area of 281.3 km2, in order to define the hydrologic situation and water balance, depending on topographic maps, geological maps, satellite image, GIS and climatic data (temperature, precipitation and evaporation), which were collected from a number of meteo stations in the study area, besides data from the Directorate of Water Resources in Hama, which included surface flow ratios and underground water levels, for number of the representing wells in the study area, to make a set of databases, also, the relation between the elements of water balance was studied, besides the ground water movement of the targeted watershed. The results indicated that the basin was elongated and the hydrographic net was dense and branched, and the concentration time was 10.14 hours. The water balance showed that most of the total rainfall is lost by evaporation, and the runoff was (23)%. The diagrams of the studied wells indicated to a decrease in water levels by 1 m/year, where the lowest level was in November. The comparison of groundwater with rainfall clarified that the infiltration took two months to recharge the aquifers. These findings highlighted the importance of focusing on hydrological study of the watershed to give good management that optimizes the use of water by determining volume of precipitation, water inflow, water outflow, storage and various requirements, then to develop of these resources through the dissemination of water harvesting techniques.
Key words: Watershed, Tal Al-Tot location, Water balance, Water loss.
Full paper in Arabic: PDF