Tag Archives: Date palm

The Chemical Composition of Pollen Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera L. var. Samisemi Males Trees

Ibtihaj H. Al Temimi

(1). Department of Horticulture and Land Scap, College of Agriculture, University of Basra, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Ibtihaj H. Al Temimi. E-Mail: jehanhandil@yahoo.com).

Received: 27/11/2019                                Accepted: 20/01/2020

Abstract

The study was conducted during the agricultural seasons 2016 and 2017 at three agricultural locations in the province of ThiQar, Basra and Babylon in order to estimate the most important chemical components in the date palm pollens and the study of the inhibitory effect of the ethanol pollen by Randomized complete Blok Design (RCBD). Thirty-six palm trees were selected randomly. The biological experiment studied the effect of ethanolic pollen extraction concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 200) mg/l on inhibition of human bacteria E. coli and Staph. The results showed that the carbohydrates in ThiQar location was the highest (20.09%) compared to Babylon and Basra locations (19.02 and 18.32%) respectively, and the lowest protein and phenolic content  was (6.58 and 17.54%) respectively with significant differences compared to the protein and phenolic content of pollen in Basra governorate which was (12.43 and 20.78%) respectively. The results showed also the superiority of antioxidant activity of pollen in Basra compared to antioxidant activity of pollen in ThiQar and Babylon. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the study sites in the content rate of essential oil, specific weight of aromatic oil and the degree of aromatic oil reaction. While the pollen in ThiQar governorate showed the superiority in the refractive index, density, and saponification number of essential oil. The suppressive activity of different concentrations of pollen extracted in ThiQar was tested on two types of human pathogen bacteria E. coli and Staph aureus. The result indicated that E. coli was more effected by ethanolic extracted than Staph aureus. The largest suppressive diameter was (18 mm) of E. coli bacteria growth with a concentration of 200 mg/L and inhibition percentage of 81.82% compared to antibiotic Erythromycin 15. While, Staph aureus bacteria showed resistance for all ethanolic extracted of pollen. 

Keywords: Chemical composition, Bacteria, Date palm, Pollens, Iraq.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF

Micropropagation of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Khadhrawy cv.

Wathiq Abdulmajeed*(1) Zahra Al- Hattab(1) Mahmood Al- Ani(1) Shuker Ebraheem(1) and Jabbar Jabr(1)

(1). Department of Genetic Engineering, Biotechnology Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Wathiq Abdulmajeed. E-Mail:zainab.goldy@yahoo.com).

Received: 06/04/2019                                Accepted: 03/08/2019

Abstract

This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, Directorate of Agriculture Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq, in 2017. The main objective was to establish the best method for In Vitro micropropagation of Khadhrawy economical Iraqi date palm cultivar. Shoot tips, lateral buds and leaf primordial were detached from the offshoots and surface was sterilized with 1% sodium hypochlorite with Tween 20. Explants were cultured on modified MS medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 of NAA, 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D, 10 mg.l-1 NAA+ 2 mg.l-1 2,4-D or 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg.l-1  NAA for callus initiation. Induced calli were transferred to regeneration medium. Regenerated shoots were rooted on medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 IBA. The results showed that the highest quality of calli was induced on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg.l1  NAA which was significantly different from the other treatments. Moreover, the shoot tips were the best explants to induce calli from Khadrawy cultivar compared with leaf primordial and lateral buds. The interaction analysis showed that the highest quantity of calli was produced from shoot tips cultured on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1  2,4-D + 2 mg.l-1  NAA which was highly significant from  all other combinations, while the lowest quantity of calli was produced from lateral buds cultured on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 NAA. The average number of plants regenerated from 0.5 g calli was 30 after 2 months. The rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the nursery.

Keywords: Date palm, Khadhrawy c.v., Micropropagation, 2,4-D, NAA

Full paper in English: PDF