Wathiq Abdulmajeed*(1) Zahra Al- Hattab(1) Mahmood Al- Ani(1) Shuker Ebraheem(1) and Jabbar Jabr(1)
(1). Department of Genetic Engineering, Biotechnology Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Wathiq Abdulmajeed. E-Mail:zainab.goldy@yahoo.com).
Received: 06/04/2019 Accepted: 03/08/2019
Abstract
This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, Directorate of Agriculture Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Iraq, in 2017. The main objective was to establish the best method for In Vitro micropropagation of Khadhrawy economical Iraqi date palm cultivar. Shoot tips, lateral buds and leaf primordial were detached from the offshoots and surface was sterilized with 1% sodium hypochlorite with Tween 20. Explants were cultured on modified MS medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 of NAA, 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D, 10 mg.l-1 NAA+ 2 mg.l-1 2,4-D or 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg.l-1 NAA for callus initiation. Induced calli were transferred to regeneration medium. Regenerated shoots were rooted on medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 IBA. The results showed that the highest quality of calli was induced on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg.l1 NAA which was significantly different from the other treatments. Moreover, the shoot tips were the best explants to induce calli from Khadrawy cultivar compared with leaf primordial and lateral buds. The interaction analysis showed that the highest quantity of calli was produced from shoot tips cultured on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg.l-1 NAA which was highly significant from all other combinations, while the lowest quantity of calli was produced from lateral buds cultured on medium supplemented with 10 mg.l-1 NAA. The average number of plants regenerated from 0.5 g calli was 30 after 2 months. The rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the nursery.
Keywords: Date palm, Khadhrawy c.v., Micropropagation, 2,4-D, NAA
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