Tag Archives: Grain yield

The Combining Ability for Grain Yield and Some Secondary Traits of Some Maize Crosses under Water Stress Conditions

Majeda AL- Rwaily*(1) Ayman Shehada AL-Ouda(2) Samir AL-Ahmad(1) and Rshad ALobaid(1)

(1). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Majeda Al-Rwaily. E-Mail: r.majeda@gmail.com).

Received: 09/07/2016                       Accepted: 10/10/2016

Abstract                 

Half diallel cross among six inbred lines was conducted at the Scientific Agricultural Research Center in Deir Ezzor, during the growing season 2010. The fifteen crosses and the two local checks Ghoota82 and Basel-1 were evaluated during the growing season 2011, after being exposed to water stress during flowering and grain filling stages, in order to study the genetic behavior through estimating the general and specific combining ability of some secondary traits determining the grain yield i.e., anthesis silking interval, number of ears and per plant, number of grains per ear, 100 grain weight and harvest index, and to determine the response of maize genotypes for water stress through flowering and grain filling stages. The trial was conducted according to randomized block design, with tree replications. Results showed that GCA and SCA mean square of both lines and crosses were highly significant for most of the investigated traits indicating that inbred lines had variation and genetic diversity. The ratio σ2 GCA /σ2 SCA indicated the importance of the non-additive gene action for grain yield under water stress conditions during flowering and grain filling stages, while the non-additive gene action dominated of all other traits under water stress during the grain filling stage and full irrigation. The two lines p3 (IL344T.C-2007) and p2 (IL1081T.C-2009) revealed the best GCA. The hybrids p2×p3 (IL1081-2009×IL344-2007), and p1×p3 (IL441-2009×IL344-2007) showed the best SGA for grain yield trait.

Keywords: Maize. Combining ability, Water stress, Grain yield, Half diallel cross.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Zeolite Effect on Two Saline Alkaline Soils and the Productivity of Some Forage Crops under Deir Azzor Governorate Conditions

Zeolite Effect on Two Saline Alkaline Soils and the Productivity of Some Forage Crops under Deir Azzor Governorate Conditions

Arij Khuder*(1) Awadis Arslan(2) and Omar Abdulrazzak(3)

(1). The General Commission for Scientific Research
(2). The Higher Commission for Scientific Research
(3). Department of soil and soil reclamation/Faculty of Agriculture DeirAzzor.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Arij Khuder. Email: areejalkeder@gmail.com).

Received: 20/04/2016                           Accepted: 24/05/2016

Abstract

Two forage crops sorghum and barley were sown within crop rotation to study the effect of zeolite on two saline alkaline soils, in two soils differ in salinity where the ECe values of (7.92 and 14.91)  dS/m for the first and second soils, respectively. The experiment was conducted at the Third Location of Almrieih, Agricultural Research Center in Euphrates Basin, Deir Ezzor/Syria. Zeolite was added in two rates (20 and 30 t/ha) besides the control (no addition), using Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD, with three replicates. The results obtained by the end of 2009/2010 season showed a reduction in soils salinity under the effect of adding zeolite. The application of zeolite 30 t/ha was superior in ECe reduction, where it reached 15 and 23% compared with control for medium and high salinity soils, respectively that cultivated with sorghum. The reduction rates for the soils cultivated with barley were 18.8 and 17.89% for medium and high salinity soils, respectively. Also there was a reduction in the pH and the concentration of ions in the soil extracts. The analysis showed positive improvement in soil physicist, chemical and fertility characters because of zeolite addition, such as ESP reduction, which it reached 35.48 and 28.40 % compared with control for medium and high salinity soils, respectively cultivated with sorghum. The reduction rates for the soils cultivated with barley were 44.84 and 35.73% for medium and high salinity soils, respectively. The results exhibited an increase in the productivity of fresh and dry weight of sorghum and grain yield of barley, as a result of zeolite addition, where the increase in yield for medium salinity soil was double than that of high salinity soil. The addition of zeolite of 30 t/ha was significantly superior over the other treatment and the control.

Keywords: Zeolite, Barley, Sorghum, Soil salinity and alkalinity, Forage productivity, Grain yield.

Full paper in Arabic: Zeolite Effect on Two Saline Alkaline Soils and the Productivity of Some Forage Crops under Deir Azzor Governorate Conditions

Effect of Seeding Rates on The Productivity of Durum Wheat in Climatic Zone B in Hama Governorate

Ola Moustafa*(1) FadiaGuniem(1) Abdu Al-Latif Al-Shami(2) Osama Al-Houmsi(2) AdilMshoulbeh(2) Adnan Al-Naser(2) and KawtherAlhamed(3)

(1). General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Crops Research Administration, Technology Packages Department, Damascus, Syria.
(2). Hama Scientific Agricultural Research Center, (GCSAR), Hama, Syria.
(3). General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Crops Research Administration, Cereal Technology Lap.

(*Corresponding author: Dr.  Ola Moustafa: (GCSAR), Crops Research Administration, Technology Packages Department, Damascus, Syria. email: o-moustafa@hotmail.com).

 Received: 17/07/ 2014                                     Accepted: 11/2/ 2015

Abstract:

The research was conducted in Hama Scientific Agricultural Research Center, Hama, Syria, during three growing seasons (2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013), and in farmer’s field during the growing season (2010/2011), with the aim to identify the best seeding rate of durum wheat variety Cham3 in climatic zone B in Hama. The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with three replications. Data analyses were done, and least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% was applied for comparison of means.  The results of three seasons showed no significant differences among the three seeding rates (150, 200 and 250 kg/ha), the best grain and biological yields were obtained by using 150 kg/ha. The combined analysis of the two sites clarified that the seeding rate of 150 kg/ha surpassed 250 kg/ha seeding rate in biological yield. As the seeding rate of 150 kg/ha for Cham3 was the best to be applied in climatic zone B in Hama Governorate, so no need to increase the seeding rate at farmer’s field over recommended seeding rate.

Keywords: Durum wheat; Seeding rates, Grain yield, Biological yield.

Full paper in Arabic :أثر معدلات البذار في إنتاجية القمح القاسي في منطقة الاستقرار الثانية في محافظة حماه