Effect of Pruning, Fertilization, Foliar Spraying Transactions for Treatments on some Productive Qualities of Apple Trees

Samar Dayoub*(1), Rashid Kharbotli(1) and Nabil Abokaf (2)

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Samar Dayoub. E-mail: samardayoub17@gmail.com )

Received: 26/08∕ 2024                      Accepted:29∕ 12∕ 2024

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out in vegetative apple rootstocks orchard of Kassab village in Lattakia Govrnorate on two apple cultivars Royal gala, Granny smith and the rootstock Malus   sylvestris (L.) Mill fifteen years old and grafted on M. sylvestris nine years old during seasons of 2020 and 2021.   Then   applied the fertilization  which is balanced  instant  fertilizer contains (20:20:20) of  (N.P.K) by adding (450) g \ tress of it  on three applications in each application we added (150)g\ tree on ( March, May, July) and treated the tested trees with the  foliar sprays that contains micro elements( Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B) on March in amount (6) litre \ tree. The aim of the study was estimating the effects of applying four fertilization treatments (control, fertilizer, fertilizer + foliar sprays once, fertilizer + foliar sprays twice) on  fruit weight  mean (g) and also the fruit content of soluble solids (TSS)% , total sugars (TS)% , total acidity (TA)%. In addition to evaluating the content for shoots of nitrogen and carbohydrates (%) and the roots content of carbohydrates (%). In addition to fertilization moderate pruning had applied to the studied trees  in February  The results proved that the moderate pruning treatment increased fruit weight for the two cultivars wich  were (139.33 ) g compared to control (102.67)g in Granny smith fruit. The treatment (fertilization + pruning) increased  the fruit content of soluble solids (TSS) % , total sugars (TS)% . but decreased its content of total acidity (TA)% compared  to control in “Granny smith” fruit.  But The highest  soluble solids (TSS)%  were in the treatment (fertilization + pruning) (12.58)% compared to control  (10.78)% in Royal gala fruit . whereas  the highest total sugars (TS)% in Royal gala scored in the  treatment fertilization wich averaged (11.36)% compared to control (9.56)%.  and also the heighest nitrogen and carbohydrates content of shoots which scored in the fourth  treatment (fertilization + pruning) for the two  studied cultivars.  and also increased the roots content of  carbohydrates compared to control. The statistical analysis of results that there were  significant differences observed  between all treatment compared to control.   Studied.                                                                                              

Kay word: fertilization, foliar sprays, apple, total soluble solids , total sugars.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf