Ola Kajo(1) *
(1). Field crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ola Kajo,E-Mail: olakajo0932@yahoo.com , 0932663764).
Received:25/07/2023 Accepted: 25/09/2023
Abstract:
This research was conducted in the Zagrin region (Lattakia) during the growing season 2022 in order to study the effect of two important factors on the growth and yield of the sunflower crop (the Baladi variety), which are the irrigation intervals, as the first factor, which are (4, 8, 12 days) between one irrigation and the other, and the plant density. As a second factor with two levels 11.11, 5.55 plants/m2, and the overlap between them. The experiment was conducted using the Randomized complete blocks design with three replication. The results showed that there is a significant effect of irrigation intervals; The irrigation treatment every 4 days was superior to each of the two irrigation treatments every 8 and 12 days in most of the studied traits and gave the highest yield of seeds per unit area (3721 kg/ha), as well as the highest percentage of oil in the seeds (38.57%). As for the effect of plant density; The high plant density of 11.11 plants/m2 was superior in the yield of a unit area of seeds (3517 kg/ha), while the highest percentage of oil in the seeds (37.95%) was obtained when planting at a low density of 5.5 plants/m2. The results of the interaction between the two factors of the study showed that the highest yield of seeds was recorded at close irrigation periods (every 4 days) and cultivation at a high density of 11.11 plants/m2 (4452 kg/ha), while the highest percentage of oil was recorded when irrigating every 4 days and the plant density 5.5 plants/m2, which amounted to (39.43%).
Keywords: sunflower, irrigation intervals, plant density, yield, oil.
Full paper in Arabic: pdf