Naji Qaesm A.M. Shaddad * ⁽¹⁾, Hossam El-Din Rushdi ⁽²⁾ , Emad Mahamoud Ayasrah ⁽³⁾ , Mohammed Ali  Alashwal  ⁽⁴⁾ and Ahmed Abdou  S, A, Alhdad ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production Nassr,s Faculty of Agriculture Sciences Aden University, Yemen.

(2). Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt.

(3). Animal Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Jordan.

(4). Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agriculture Ibb University,

(*Corresponding author: Naji Qaesm Shaddad, E-Mail: nqas2006@gmail.com)

Received: 30/06/2023         Accepted: 7/11/2023

Abstract: 

This study was carried out on the Al-Wali commercial dairy cow farm affiliated with the Al-Wali Group for Development and Investment in the capital, Aden, south of Yemen, and the farm is about 5 km north of it.  From a herd consisting of foreign breeds of dairy cattle, 40 cows were selected (20) Friesian cows and (20) Ayrshire cows. The study animals were selected according to available reproductive records and distributed in the order of the five productive calving seasons, with equal and independent replicates, for both breeds.  The daily milk production was recorded in the year 2022 AD for the study cows, to evaluate the performance of some productivity traits of foreign breeds in southern Yemen, and their impact on the order of calving season and breed.  Among these studied characteristics are the daily milk production characteristic, the adjusted milk production (305 days), and the estimate of the fat percentage of the study cows.  A milk sample from (20) cows was tested randomly from the study animals for the two breeds and each breed of (10) cows, was distributed in equal and independent replicates in the order of the five calving seasons.  The fat percentage was evaluated in the laboratories of the Nasser College of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Aden.  The study data were analyzed using (SAS2004) and (XL.STAT 2021) programs, adopting a completely randomized design (CRD) in analyzing the trial data. The (LSD) test was also used to determine the significant differences between the means.  The results of the study that were obtained were: The general average of the studied characteristics of daily milk production, modified milk production (305 days), and fat percentage for each of the foreign breeds of Friesian and Ayrshire dairy cattle was (10 kg), (7960 kg) and (3.8%), respectively, and the effect was  The order of the productive calving season and the effect of breed, with a highly significant effect (P≤ 0.01) on all the characteristics studied. We conclude from this study that the characteristics of daily milk production and modified milk production (305 days) have an inverse relationship with fat percentage, and that Ayrshire dairy cattle are better than Friesian cattle. The percentage of fat reached (4.12%), due to the genetic makeup of the Ayrshire breed being distinguished by its fat production, and also the reason for the decrease in the amount of milk production of the breed per milking. We recommend using the Ayrshire breed for milk production if the goal of the dairy cattle breeding program is to produce milk and its derivatives and achieve an increase in economic value.  The added profitability of the process of manufacturing dairy and its derivatives, due to the high percentage of fat in the milk of this breed. However, if the goal is to increase milk production, we recommend breeding the Friesian cattle breed, due to its high daily milk production.

Keywords: Evaluation. For traits, Milk production.  Breeds.  Dairy cattle.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf