Ali Deeb⁽¹⁾, Fahed Sahuny⁽²⁾, Mahasen Tawakalna⁽³⁾, and Yahya Yosef ^(1)*

(1)    Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture,Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.(2)    Horticulture Department, Second College of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.(3)    Horticulture Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus-Syria.(*Corrsponding author: En. Yahya Yosef . E-Mail yahya.yosof@gmail.com).

Received: 1/08/2020                                  Accepted: 21/09/2020

Abstract:The study has been worked out during the years 2019-2020 in (a village in Hawza / Tartous Governorate) in an orchard planted with May crest trees at the age of 9 years in order to study the effect of foliar nutrition with iron compounds (iron chelate Fe-EDTA 13% and aqueous ferrous sulfate Feso4,7H2o) and ascorbic acids Citric and salicylic in the flowering and fruiting of peach trees. Iron, ascorbic and citric acid were sprayed at a concentration of (500 mg / l) each, while salicylic acid was sprayed at a concentration of (150 mg / l), and it was used alone or in combination.-The results showed that foliar application with iron and antioxidants contributed to stimulating flowering and fruiting growth, stabilizing fruiting buds, reducing fruit loss, and increasing production and productivity in both seasons 2019-2020.- The treatment with aqueous ferrous sulfate, iron chelate and salicylic acid gave the best percentages for the initial decade, i.e. the best results for flowering and fruiting, as the two-year averages were (84.73-76.66-76.48) %, respectively, compared to (37.29).-The treatment with aqueous ferrous sulfate gave the best percentage for the final decade, i.e. the best result for flowering and fruiting, as the average of the two years came (83.97), while the control gave (28.37).- Treatment with ascorbic acid gave the best results in terms of production and productivity, as the average of the two seasons was (25.87) kg / tree and (1616.66) kg / dunum, compared to the lowest production and productivity (15.43-964.58). Peaches are considered a greedy plant for the element of iron, and it needs it in large quantities, and it is one of the plants most affected by the deficiency of this element and due to the importance of this plant and the increase in the need for good varieties of it, with attention to export and high economic value. To help get rid of the iron deficiency problem, the research aimed to study the effect of foliar spraying with iron, ascorbic acid, citric and salicylic acid on the flowering and fruiting of May crest trees.

Key words: peaches, foliar application, iron chelate, aqueous ferrous sulfate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid.

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 Abdulkareem M Abd ⁽¹⁾, Asaad R. Al-Hilphy^{* (2)}, and Haider I. Ali ⁽²⁾

(1)Department of Horticulture and Land Scape- College of Agriculture, University of Basrah-Iraq

(2)Department of food Science-college of Agriculture-University of Basrah. Basrah, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Asaad al-Hilphy, E-Mail aalhilphy@yahoo.co.uk ).

Received: 5/01/2021                                  Accepted: 14/10/2021

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station of the College of Agriculture, University of Basra for the season 2019 to study the effect of the magnet poles on the growth and productivity of the okra plant (Deira). The magnetization of a local agricultural variety (Deira), where the study included the control without magnetization, treatment in the north direction, treatment in the south, and treatment on the north-south. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used for each treatment. The results showed significant superiority (p<0.05) for the treatment of the south pole orientation of the magnet towards the plant in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fruit weight and total production (178.33 cm, 79.67 leaves.plant^-1, 1.44 cm², 2.9 g, and 3.25 tons.d^-1) respectively for all treatments and the control that gave the lowest values ​​(156.67 cm, 43.00 leaves. Plant ^-1, 0.727 cm², 2.56 g and 1.66 tons.d^-1) respectively.

Keywords: okra, magnetism, vegetative traits, fruiting traits.

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Afrah Jeratly^*(1), Sami Al-agha⁽¹⁾, and Majed Mousa⁽²⁾

• Animal Production Department -Faculty of Agricultural -Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
• Faculty of Agricultural -Hama University, Hama, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Afraha jeratly E-Mail afrah.algratly@gmail.com)

Received: 17/08/2020                          Accepted: 17/08/2020

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted in 2019 in Salamieh to study the effect of using different ratios of dried cultivated barley in broiler rations on some productive parameters. 112 broilers (Ross 308 hybrids), 1 day old, were used in this research Birds were divided into 4 groups and each one included 28 birds; all groups were similar in term of heating, ventilation, and all other management treatments except for feeding methods which were related to research plan. Groups of birds were fed by traditional rations. The control group (G1) was fed by a commercial feed while the other groups were treated by adding a dry cultivated barley to its commercial rations by 10 %, 15%, and 20% to the groups G2, G3 and G4, respectively. Birds were slaughtered at 6 weeks old. The results indicated no significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) among experimental groups for hemoglobin, sugar, cholesterol and the number of erythrocytes at the 21 and 42 days old, but highly significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in the total protein concentration between the birds in fourth group(G4), where the adding of the grown barley by 20% comparing with control group at 21 days old, There are also significant differences (P<0.05) in protein ratio Where he excelled group(G4), with the control group birds at 42 days old.

Keywords: Cultivated Barley – blood parameters- Broiler feeding.

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Wafaa Abedo

(1). Horticulture department, Faculty of agriculture, university of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Wafaa Abedo. E-Mail: madrid198182@yahoo.com).

Received: 27/08/2020                                Accepted: 21/09/2020

Abstract

This research aimed to study the effect of plastic and paper bags on the physiological and chemical characters of pear fruits by using three different sizes of fruits to know the lower lost in weight, water content and diameters, of fruits and its effect on the vitamins, the radio of solid and soluble substances. The results showed that keeping the fruits in paper bags is the best considering the loss of weight, which was (26.4), and the soluble substance arrived to 2.39% and C vitamin was 5.02 ml.gr/100g and the loss of humidity was 19.7%, while the small and medium fruits were the best team the big fruits becomes the loss of weight in the melon fruit arrived to 20.9 gr the loss in diameter was 8.1 mm and the solid substance was 3.02% and the C vitamin content was 7.23 ml.gr/100g and the less lose in humidity was 17.7% by studying the mental effect of the two processes the results showed that the paper bags and the small fruits was the best and over roll on the all treatments.

Keywords: paper bags, plastic. Soluble substance.

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Mohamad Bishr Dababo^(1)*, Mahmoud Baghdadi ⁽¹⁾, Safaa Kelani⁽²⁾, and Moustafa mazen atri ⁽³⁾

(1).Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University. Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Department of Renewable natural resources and environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University. Aleppo, Syria.
(3). General commission for scientific agricultural research Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Mohamad Bisher Dababo E-mail: mr1d1mb1@gmail.com).

Received: 5/10/2020                                  Accepted: 19/10/2020

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at Al-Safirah district of Aleppo Governorate during the 2019/2020 season using foliar fertilization with chelated iron EDDHA at two concentrations (500, 750 ppm) and soil fertilization at the same concentrations in three dates (before leaf fall, before flowering, one month before Harvest), and control (without treatment) and it’s effect  on some of  physical, chemical and  productivity characteristics of the pear trees Pyrus communis L var. Coscia.The experiment was designed according to the Randomized Complete Block Design with three trees per treatment and the results showed that soil fertilization with iron chelated Fe-EDDHA at a concentration of (750 ppm) significantly increased the tree productivity, fruit weight, size, the percentage of dry matter, total sugars, vitamin C content and reduced the total acidity of fruits,  which were (30.33 Kg/tree, 164 g, 173. 9 cm³, 37.95%, 9.54%, 13.32 mg/100 g F.w. and 0.13%), respectively, compared with control (15.33 Kg/tree, 108.8 g, 103.1 cm³, 13.86%, 5.87%, 11.33 mg/100 g F.w. and 0.29%), respectively. Foliar fertilization with chelated iron Fe-EDDHA at a concentration of (500 ppm) also increased vitamin C content, fruits pH and reduced the total acidity of fruits (14.73 mg/100 g F.w., 4.79 and 0.13%) respectively.

Keywords: Chelated Iron, Fe-EDDHA, Pear, Coscia, Physical characteristics, chemical characteristics, productivity.

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Samer Naser^(1)*

(1).Sub Directorate of Forestry Research, Lattakia Center of Scientific Agricultural Researches (GCSAR), Lattakia, Syria. (*corresponding author: Dr. Samer Naser E-Mail: nasersamer156@gmail.com).

Received: 3/08/2020                                  Accepted: 23/09/2020

Abstract

The study aimed to find out the effect of some agricultural substrates on the growth of seedlings of Myrtus communis and Biota orientalis to obtain exceled seedlings in its shoot and root system. Three agricultural substrates were used : Altorf (T)، Nursery soil (S)، mixture of Altorf and Nursery soil (TS) by (1:1 V/V). and studied several quantitative indicators of growth and development of the total shoot and root system of the seedlings. Regarding the final germination، Altorf achieved the highest germination rate for Myrtus communis and Biota orientalis (79.3% – 86%، respectively)، outperforming a high significant  superiority for the control (48.6% – 56.3%، respectively) compared to achieving significant differences with the mixture substrate  (59.8% – 64.7%، respectively). The results indicated the continued superiority of the Altorf and significantly over the control، from germination through the length of the vegetative and root groups to the average dry weight of these groups and both plants. Consequently، Altorf play a clear role in improving the data and indicators measured at the control alone compared to its mixture at the level of physical، chemical and biological characteristics to confirm our results on the necessity of adding Altorf to the Nursery soil to improve the germination and growth of seedlings up to the end of the success of forest afforestation projects.

Keywords: Myrtus communis ، Biota orientalis. Agricultural substrates ، germination.

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Tharwat Redwan^(*1) ،  Hafez Mahfoud⁽¹⁾ and  Mazen Nassour ⁽²⁾

(1). Scientific Agricultural Researc Center of Lattakia،  General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR)،  Syria.

(2). Department of Horticulture،  faculty of Agriculture،  Tishreen University،  Lattakia،  Syria

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Tharwat Redwan E-mail: tharwat.redwan@yahool.com).

Received: 20/02/2020                                Accepted: 9/06/2020

Abstract:

This research was conducted at the Agricultural Research Center in Lattakia،  assessed the effect of altitude on  the yield of four genotypes of Damascena rose (RD1) Kassab(،  RD2(Alqardaha)،  RD3 (Gablah)،  RD4(Al-Marah)) were planted at four different altitude(Poka 20m،  Alrmadeaa 300m،   Kassab 650m،   Dabasa 985m) in Lattakia during 2018-2019،  the study showed that  the Kassab site(650 m) gave the highest yield (329.87) g،  and the highest value of average number of flowers (82.15) flower،  and Two sites (Kassab 650m،  Dabasa 985m) have higher than the rest of the sites in The percentage of essential oil،  and for the genotypes،  On the other hand the RD1 genotype had the highest average flower weight (11.57) g and average yield (380.53) g،  but it contained the lowest number of flowers and percentage of oil essential،  while the RD3 genotype was superior The rest of the genotypes and in all studied sites، in the average number of flowers (89.75). The results of the qualitative analysis of the essential oil produced by the four genotypes  planted at Kassab site contained good ratios of several important compounds،  ( Nerol،  Geranol،  Nonadecene،  Linalool،  Tetradicanol،  n- Hexadecane).

Key words:  Rosa Damascena،  Yield،  Genotypes،  Essential Oil،  Lattakia.

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Samer Abou Hamdan^(1)* and Bayan Muzher^{( 1)}

(1). Pome and Grapevine Division, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Samer abou hamdan E-mail: abuhamdansamer@yahoo.com)

Received: 12/07/2020                                Accepted: 22/08/2020

Abstract:

The research was carried out at the Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida Governorate_ General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research GCSAR_during 2016 and 2017 on the pear variety Conference Pyrus communis var. Conference that introduced by the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in order to determine the environmental requirements, and study the influence of temperature on the development of flower buds and fruit ripening, and the date of consumption maturity according to the environmental, physical, and chemical indicators and connect them with sensory tests at each harvest date. The results showed that Conference variety requires from 900 to 1200 winter chilling hours to obtain the highest percentage of opened flower buds, and the study area achieved the need of this variety in the two seasons, and the temperature had an effect on the length of duration of phenological stages of the flower buds, and the increase of temperature accelerated the onset of flower buds, and reduced the period between these stages particularly the white stage and the full bloom. The variety requires between 165 and 178 days for consumption maturity with a thermal accumulation of 2225-2287 thermal units, and the best maturity indictors were at the harvest time 25/9 when the fruit weight was 252.3 g, fruit firmness 5.4 kg/cm², starch degree 4.5-5.6, and the percentage of soluble solids and total sugar increased to 14.72% and 12.04% respectively, and the percentage of titratable acidity decreased to 0.17%, as well as the results of sensory tests showed that the early harvested fruits didn^‘t reach the good quality for consumption, and their structures were improved as the fruits matured, and all of them were between good and outstanding by the time of 25/9.

Key words: Pear, Conference variety, Chilling hours, Phenological stages, Maturity indicators.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Mohammed Dosh Al-daemes ^(1)*

(1). Food Technology Division, Hama Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohammed Dosh Aldaemes. E-Mail: maldaames@yahoo.com).

Received: 18/03/2020                                Accepted: 21/06/2020

Abstract:

The aim of the research is studying the effect of removing saponins in quinoa seeds by using the methods of washing and soaking with water and alkaline solution 0.1N NaOH on their sensory and taste properties, and defining the best and easiest ways to get rid of saponins found in quinoa seeds, and inserting them into local diets. Work on the quinoa / NSL variety -106398 / which was planted at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Hama during the 2019 season, where /8/ different treatments were taken at the time of soaking(30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 24 hours) and boiling time (30-15 minutes)  to determine the best treatment in the way of washing and shaking with plain water while maintaining the uniformity of washing and shaking, switching washing water and withdrawing foam during experimentation. It also tested /4/ different treatments at the time of soaking with alkaline water to determine the best treatment, and one treatment was tested by boiling for 30 minutes to find out the effect of boiling process on the seeds treated with alkaline water. The results showed that the most acceptable treatments were treatment No. 11 (seeds washed with water and soaked for 3 hours + treatment with alkaline water N0.1 NaOH+ boiling seeds for 30 minutes) and an arithmetic mean / 4,533/ and with a very good final result on the Likert scale, Followed by treatment No. 8, which is (seeds washed with water and soaked for 24 hours + treatment with shaking, washing water and withdrawing foam for 30 minutes + boiling seeds for 30 minutes), and arithmetic mean / 4.467/ with a very good final result on the Likert scale, and research indicates use Transactions 8 and 11 to get rid of the bitter taste in quinoa seeds and include them in meals Local area.

Key words: quinoa, saponins, method wet, sensory properties.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Roula Hamoui ^(1)*, Mahmud Dahan ⁽¹⁾, and Faten Hamed⁽²⁾

(1).Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(2).Departmemt of food technology, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Roula Hamoui E-mail: roula31@hotmail.com).

Received: 9/10/2020                                  Accepted: 8/12/2020

Abstract:

This research was carried out at the oil technology laboratory in department of food science of the faculty of Agriculture engineering  in 2020, Enzymatic interesterification was carried out using the lipase enzyme extracted from Rhizomucor miehei on various mixtures of sunflower oil and coconut oil to find out the effect in its physical and chemical properties, which containing number of saponification, iodine value, slip melting point, the amount of solid triglycerides at different temperatures, Solid Fat Index% (SFI%) and fatty acids and triglycerides composition. The results showed that the interesterification was effective to modify only the physical properties of the mixture studied, and the different produced lipids with specific new properties, where the differences in the melting point ​​before and after interesterification were highly significant, while no significant differences appeared in the number of saponification and iodine value ​​between the studied mixtures before and after interesterification. The interesterification resulted a decrease in SFI% according the type and proportions of the constituent lipids and also a clearly changes in triglycerides composition in the studied mixtures, by conclusion, the mixing and interesterification of vegetable oils with different of physical and chemical properties lead to obtaining lipids with new physical properties that could be used in various food processing.

Keywords: Enzymatic Interesterification, vegetable oils, Slip Melting Point, SFI%, fatty acids.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF