Iman Ibrahim^*(1) ,Najwa Muslmani ⁽¹⁾,Imad aldeen ALKhalaf⁽¹⁾ ,and Abeer alramo ⁽¹⁾

(1) Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Iman Ibrahim, E-Mail iman.sy@hotmail.com).

Received: 5/02/2021            Accepted: 27/09/2021

Abstract:

Bio fertilization is one of the ways to enhance plant growth traits. The aim of this research is to isolate and characterize bacteria from the rhizosphere of the celery plants and study some of their growth-promoting properties The bacteria were isolated and were identified based on morphological and biochemical tests. the results showed that 45 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of celery were described. And All the bacterial isolates possess growth-promoting properties in varying proportions, as (96) % of them were able to fix nitrogen and (51) % dissolve for While the isolates produced the hormone indole acetic acid by (46%) and iron Siderophores produced by (75%), and (49%) were able to produce hydrogen cyanide. Later, then, the isolates with the most growth-promoting properties were identified, most of these isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The results in this research indicate the possibility of using these isolates in agricultural practices as bio-fertilizers to encourage the growth of different crops, after being tested on agricultural crops.
Keywords: Celery, bacterial inoculum, growth- promoting bacteria, isolation, characterization.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mahran Zeity^*(1)

(1) Agriculture Research Center in Lattakia, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, (GCSAR), Damasucus, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Mahran Zeity E-Mail: mzma2009@gmail.com)

Received: 29/08/2021         Accepted: 29/09/2021

Abstract:

During regular investigation of plant sanitation in the area of Latakia center for Scientific Agricultural Research activities, some abnormal waxy secretion on terminal buds of three tree species, Indian cherry, Cordia myxa L. (Boraginaceae); Indian laurel tree, Ficus microcarpa L. f. (Moraceae) and green olive tree, Phillyrea latifolia L. (Oleaceae) were noticed. Those insect species responsible were identified as Diaphorina aegyptiaca, Macrohomotoma gladiata and Euphyllura phillyreae, respectively. This is the first record of those species, as well as, a new record of Diaphorina and Macrohomotoma genera from Syria.
Keywords: Latakia, Macrohomotoma, Diaphorina, Citrus, Euphyllura.

Full paper in English: pdf

Ali Al-haj Akeel^(1)*, Muhammad Nour Al-dean Al-tenbi⁽¹⁾, and Youssef Khoudary⁽²⁾

(1) Rural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
(2) Soil & Soil Reclemation Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Ali Al-haj Akeel. E-Mail: ali.hagaqil@gmail.com).

Received: 25/02/2021            Accepted: 10/06/2021

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted with the aim of studying the effect of (the shape, weandight, and edge height) of the roller on some of the physical properties of loamy soil and the productive characteristics of the lentil Bypassingssing the roller over the soil after planting in its various forms (smooth, disc, serrated, reciprocating) and with three heights of the edge (4, 6, 8 cm) and with three weights (150, 175, and 200 kg / m), and then comparing it with the treatment of the control ( Without using a roller). The results showed that all the different treatments of the rollers increased the bulk density value and decreased the porosity value compared to the control treatment, With the exception of the disc roller treatments at all edge heights and for two weights of 150 and 175 kg / m, in addition to the treatment of the serrated roller with heights of 6 and 8 cm and the weight of 150 kg / m and the treatment the serrated roller with an edge height of 8 cm and a weight of 200 kg /m. The reciprocal roller treatment with a height of 6 cm rim and a weight of 200 kg / m allowed the highest water holding capacity of soil with a value of (33.5%), while the lowest value for the ability of soil to retain water was in the treatment of disc roller with a weight of 150 kg / m and a edge height of 8 cm. With a value of (19.6%)., The highest value of soil penetration resistance was with the effect of the 200 kg / m serrated roller with a value of (1.17 MPa), while the lowest value of the soil penetration resistance was at this depth in the disc roller treatment with a weight of 150 kg / m, edge height of 8 cm, and the value of penetration resistance ( 0.63 MPa)..The reciprocal roller treatment a weight of 200 kg / m gave the highest value of the structure coefficient (61.6%), the highest germination percentage (98.4%) and the highest seed yield (1403 kg / ha), while the lowest values of germination percentage and seed yield were recorded by the effect of treatment disc roller with a weight of 150 kg / m and a edge height of 8 cm with a value of (85%). For germination percentage and value (985 kg / ha) for seed yield.
Keywords: Germination, Porosity, Soil penetration, Rollers.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Rana Kasem^*(1) , Mazen Ali Nassour ⁽²⁾, and Sawsan Abdullah Haifa⁽³⁾

(1)Directorate of Technical Services, Ministry of Local Administration and Environment, Lattakia, Syria.
(2) Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(3)Department of soil and water science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
(*Corresponding Author. Rana Kasem. E-Mail: ranakasem1@gmail.com)

Received: 29/04/2021             Accepted: 3/10/2022

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of treated organic residues additions (biochar (B) and treated sewage sludge (TSS)) on growth, flowering and corm production of Freesia hybrida grown in calcareous soil, at Lattakia, during the seasons 2018- 2019 and 2019- 2020. The experiment included 5 treatments: (T1: Control without any additions, T2: mineral fertilization of NPK (30:20:20) g/m2+ 2 Kg/ m2 of organic manure, T3: 2 Kg/ m2 of B, T4: 2,5 Kg/ m2 of TSS and T5: (1,25 Kg\ m2 of TSS+ 2 Kg / m2 of B). The treatment T4 achieved close results to treatment T2 with no significant differences in between of almost studied vegetative parameters (plant height, leaf number, leaf area, leaf content of total chlorophyll). No significant differences was recorded between T2 and T5 for all qualitative flowering characteristics( number of spikes plant-1, number of flowers spike-1, flower stalk’s length and diameter and flower height), while early flowering was recorded in T4 and T5 along with longer flowering duration as compared to T2. Results also showed that all fertilization treatments were superior to the control treatment T1 for all studied parameters of vegetative growth and flowering. Treatment T5 achieved the highest percentage of cormels < 1 cm in diameter (50,26%) and was significant superior to all other studied treatments.
Keywords: Freesia, sewage sludge, biochar, growth, ,bflowering, corms.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Taissir Abu Al-Fadel ^(1)*

(1) Al-Rasheed International Private University for Science and Technology, Ghabagheb, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Taissir Abu al-Fadel. E-Mail: mahmoud.diaf@yahoo.com).

Received: 2/08/2021           Accepted: 3/10/2021

Abstract:

We often witness annually many sites within the precincts of public roads, especially in the green belts sites, traces of burning dry weeds in order to get rid of them and prevent their spread. The research studies the resulting effects on plant biodiversity as a result of doing this process. The research method relied on the field follow-up of the development of plant life for each of the terrestrial herbaceous species and the planted companion trees that were directly burned in the summer and then at the beginning of the spring within selected samples, in which random table readings were taken to determine the dominant herbaceous species. The study proved that the method used in this site was useless. On the contrary, its use led to the burning of most of the accompanying trees. The results of the research recommend that you should search for ways to control other than the burning process, especially in previously wooded sites. But if the method of burning is the only method that can be applied, then before carrying out the burning process, the nature of harmful herbaceous plants and their resistance to burning processes must be known, as well as the nature of the accompanying trees and their sensitivity to fire.
Keywords: Burning dry weeds, Afforestation sites, Plant protection, stratified random samples, Public roads belts, Damascus countryside, Syria.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Tofek Othman ^*(1) and Omiema Nasser ⁽¹⁾

(1) Department of Environmental Prevention, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Tofek Othman. E-Mail: tofek.osman@gmail.com).

Received: 18/04/2021              Accepted: 3/10/2021

Abstract: 

This study aimed to isolate bacteria which is active during the anaerobic fermentation of poultry droppings (PD) which was collected during year (2018) from the layers farm (Al-jremkia) site which affiliated to Agriculture Directorate in Lattakia. (4) isolates were characterized using morphological and culture characteristics, and biochemical tests. These isolates were classified as follows: Pseudomonas oleovornas, Bacillus badius, Staphylococus aureus, and Methanobacterium sp. Then they were multiplied and stored as a pure starter. Two treatments from poultry droppings were prepared and each one was repeated (9) times. The first treatment was fermented without the addition of the starter (T1), while the starter was added to the second treatment. The results showed that treatment (T2) was significantly superior to treatment (T1) in the amount of biogas produced, as this amount reached (608.96) ml and (167.85) ml during a period of twenty-three days, respectively.
Keywords: poultry droppings, bacteria, starter, anaerobic fermentation.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Faten Karaman ^*(1), Yahya Kanaan ⁽²⁾, Wafaa Alshebli ⁽²⁾, Ayman Mustafa ⁽²⁾, khuzama Alabdullah⁽²⁾, Alice Alaamer ⁽²⁾ and Lana Alazrony ⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian.
(2) General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus. Syrian.
(3) Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Damascus Agriculture Directorate. Syrian.
(*Corresponding author: Faten Karaman, email: faten.karaman@gmail.com,)

Received: 3/05/2021         Accepted: 13/10/2021

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effect of irrigation frequency and nitrogen fertilization on the percentage of anise seed oil and crop yield, The experiment was conducted at Taiba Research Station of the Research Center in Damascus Countryside during two seasons 2015 and 2016. The effect of two factors was studied: irrigation frequency (10, 14, 18) days according to the field capacity, and the nitrogen fertilization rate (0, 30, 40) kg/ha, (green up) 43% N2. Anise was used at seed rate (20.5) kg/ha, the results showed a clear effect For irrigation frequency over productivity, with a significant superiority in treatment (10) days of irrigation frequency, in which the highest productivity was (168.81) kg/ha, the differences were statistically significant for (14) days of irrigation frequency, with (30) kg/ha fertilizers, the most productive of anise, as well as (14) days of irrigation frequency rate is the best in oil percentage (3.64%) without the effect of nitrogen fertilization.
Key words: Anise, frequency of irrigation,  nitrogen fertilization,  rate of anise seed oil

Full paper in English: pdf

Evleen Farha ^*(1), Hassan Aladin ⁽¹⁾, Muhammad Manhal Alzoubi⁽²⁾, and Suzan Abdullah ⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Forestry and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture- Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria
(2) Natural Resources Research Department, General Commission for Scientific and Agricultural Research, Damascus
(3) Department of basic science- Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Evleen Farha, E-Mail: evleenfarha@gmail.com,).

Received: 1/02/2021             Accepted: 3/10/2021

Abstract: 

The chemical composition of the leaves of about one-year Jatropha curcas L. was studied (one-week age of the young leaves and two months age of the large ones). The plants were cultivated in three different environmental conditions in the Tartous governorate. Results showed a higher percentage of major elements of potassium (K) and phosphorous (P) and a lower percentage of manganese (Mn) of micronutrient elements in the young leaves compared to large leaves. It was also noted that all leaves were free of zinc. The average leaf content (%) of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium was (1.52/ 0.42/ 2.06), (1.55/ 0.28/1.88), (1.41/0.35/1.89) and iron, copper (mg/kg) was )76.03/137.28), (79.21/ 59.64), (83.62/ 98.94) at the Al-Thawra agricultural site, al-Qamsiyah and Sourani respectively. There were no significant differences in the content of the young leaves of the mineral elements among the three fields, while it appeared significant differences in the content of the large leaves of some mineral elements. The mean percentages of chlorophyll a, b, and carotene (μg / g) were 639.5, 377, and 33.4 respectively for large leaves and 677.1, 406.8, 34.8 respectively for young leaves.
Key Words: Jatropha curcas L., Leaves, Major Elements, Chlorophyll.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Marwa Rhban ^*(1), Badi Malakh ⁽¹⁾, and Hassan Obaid ⁽²⁾

(1) Department of Renewable Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syrian.
(2) Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian.
(*Corresponding author: Marwa Rhban, E-Mail: marwajo1995@gmail.com)

Received: 9/08/2021               Accepted: 3/10/2021

Abstract:

The research was carried out in the Abi Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering at Damascus University during the year (2020). The experiment aimed to study the effect of the composition of the growth medium and the concentration of Hoagland’s solution on some growth indicators of rosemary plants. Rosemary cuttings were cultivated in five soil media (witness), peat moss, peat moss: volcanic pumice (1:1), peat moss: perlite (1:1), hydroponic, where deep flow technique was used for hydroponic culture (DFT) and stereo poor boxes were used. For the other media, plants were irrigated with Hoagland’s solution at two concentrations (0.5X, 1X). The experiment was designed according to randomized complete blocks. The mean peat moss gave the best results and values for the vegetative growth parameters. Where the average of plant height values increased when treatment peat moss by (50.65%) compared to the control (15.93), the two treatments peat moss, peat moss: Perlite achieved significant superiority over the rest of the treatments (without recording any differences between them) in the indicator number of leaves, which reached (108.33, 107.05). Respectively. While the results showed that the mixture peat moss: volcanic Pumice recorded the lowest values in the studied indicators compared to the rest of the media. The number of leaves and the number of vegetative branches increased by (46.53, 65.93%), respectively, compared to the control (73.93, 8.76). The hydroponics technique recorded a significant superiority in the length of the main rootstock, achieving an increase of (63.75) % compared to the rest of the treatments. The experiment showed a significant superiority of Hoagland solution at half concentration for all studied indicators (vegetative, root).
Key words: peat moss, mixture, deep flow technique, Hoagland solution, rosemary.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Suzanna Muhammad ^*(1), Mohamed Abd Elaziz⁽¹⁾, and Hala Muhammad ⁽¹⁾

(1) Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Suzanna Muhammad. Email: swzanam18@gmail.com)

Received: 1/06/2022              Accepted: 1/08/2022

Abstract:

The research was carried out during the agricultural season 2021-2022 in three different environmental areas in Tartous: Akkar Plain, Safita, and Sheikh Badr in terms of altitude above sea level (50, 270, and 600 m, respectively) in order to study some morphological, productive and qualitative characteristics of three different species. of the plant genus Plantago ssp, namely: (leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm), leaf neck length (cm), spike bearer length (cm), spike length (cm), spike weight(g), the weight of a thousand seeds (g), chlorophyll The total carotene is micrograms, gram-1, green matter, carbohydrate percentage, protein percentage) and thus forming an information base on which the farmer, consumer and researcher in breeding and genetic improvement programs for the studied plant species are based. Where (30) samples were identified in each of the three sites, each plant at a distance of 1-1.5 meters from the other, and then the development of these plants was monitored and monitored periodically at a rate of once a week in the various sites and in the stages of vegetative growth, flowering and maturity. A complete randomization design was adopted and The results showed a highly significant variance with statistical significance (P<001) for all the studied characteristics, at the level of one site and at the level of different sites with different altitudes (50-600 mm). SD values indicated that there are abnormal growths from the natural range of growth related to the average in all studied qualities, in terms of increase and decrease. The Sahel Akkar site was distinguished from the other two sites Safita and Sheikh Bader by Plantago lanceolate L. and Plantago major L. with the highest values in most of the morphological, productivity, and quality, and this indicates the appropriateness of the different environmental conditions for the growth of this species on this site, especially the height of the sea 50 m. ,heavy red soil,
Keywords: plantago SSP., height from sea surface, plantaginaceae, chlorophyll.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf