Safaa Rahmoun^(1)*  , Walaa Ammar⁽¹⁾ ,Thamer Al- Henish ⁽¹⁾ , and Catherine Naseer⁽¹⁾

(1) Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Safaa Rahmoun. E-Mail: sr014424@gmail.com).

Received:25/08/2021          Accepted:3/01/2022

Abstract: 

This research was carried out in different locations of the scientific agricultural research centers in Hama, Aleppo and Izraa affiliated to the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, to study the performance of 12 genotypes of grass pea and the local variety Aleppo 2 as a check, and they are (Bang-206, Bang-146, Bang-270, Bang-153, Bang-210, Bang-284, Bang-240, Bang-286, Bang-195, Bang-229, Bang-285, Bang-264), during the season (2017-2018), in order to evaluate the variance between genotypes and environments and interaction between them, and to determine the most productive genotypes of seeds and straw in each environmental site, and to determine the most appropriate site for their cultivation, Randomized complete blocks (RCBD) was used with two replications. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between the genotypes and locations and the interaction between them, and the results indicated the superiority of the two genotypes Bang-285 and Bang-286 in the characteristics of plant height, seed yield and hay yield over the check Aleppo2. Whereas, the Bang-285 genotype achieved a significant increase of 24.54% compared to the check Aleppo 2. Izraa research station was the most suitable for the cultivation of these genotypes, as it was the best in terms of early flowering, maturity, seed yield and hay yield.

Key words: genotypes, grass pea, seed yield, hay yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mohamed Khattab ^(1)* , and Youssef Mohamed ⁽¹⁾, and Basil Hashish⁽¹⁾

(1) Department Of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen- University, Lattakia , Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Mohamed Khattab, E-mail: khder8716@gmail.com)

  Received:14/10/2021       Accepted:6/01/2022

Abstract: 

A semi-field research was carried out (in pots) according to the design of random sectors and with three replications in the coastal region (Jableh), and in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture – Tishreen University, where cultivation was carried out on 5/15/2021 in order to study the effect of full irrigation (100%) and water stress ( 50%) (from the beginning of the flowering phase and the beginning of the fullness of the pods) in 5 genotypes of soybean (Sb335, Sb337, Sb339, Sb342, Sb344) and determining the most drought-tolerant by studying several indicators (the number of days from planting until flowering 50% of the soybean Plants – number of days to maturity – plant height (cm) – leaf content of proline (µg/g) – relative moisture content of leaves % – number of seeds per pod – weight of one seed (g) – number of pods per plant – weight of pods on the plant One (g) – weight of 100 seeds (g) – number of seeds per plant – weight of seeds per plant (g)), to reach the electoral evidence that can be considered as a criterion for high productivity under water stress conditions.Most of the studied traits showed high values ​​of GCV and it was associated with a high heritability, which indicates that these traits were relatively less affected by the environment. Water stress also caused a significant decrease in the studied indicators compared to the treatment of the control in the various studied genotypes, as the genotype Sb 335 was characterized by the lowest percentage of decrease in all the studied traits, while the genotypes Sb 342 and Sb 344 were the most sensitive to stress. Seed yield kg/ha was positively and significantly associated with pod weight (r=0.91**), number of seeds per plant (r=0.92**), and number of pods (r=0.73**). These traits showed high values ​​for GCV and GA % and h2B and thus the possibility of using these indicators as selective indicators to improve seed productivity.

Keywords: soybeans, water stress, proline, genetic variation.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Aya Azzam ^(1)*, Aya Kanawaty⁽¹⁾, and Imad aldeen AlKhalaf⁽¹⁾

(1) Dept. of Biology, Faculty of science, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Aya Azzam , E-mail: aya.azzam151094@gmail.com)

  Received:1/06/2021          Accepted:17/01/2022

Abstract: 

Heavy metals are among the most dangerous soil pollutants, including the element chromium, which affects the plant, leading to inhibition plant height and root growth, in addition to ability to low biomass and leaf area. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Pollution and Plant environment in department of Plant biology, Faculty of sciences, University of Aleppo. The aim of this research is to study of indicators of vegetative growth of Zea Mays L plant under the influence of chromium. The plants were treated with a series of graduated concentrations of potassium dichromate and chromium trioxide (50-100-200-400) mg /l. The Vegetative growth indicators represented by plant height, root system lengths, wet and dry vegetative and root weights and leaf area were studied. Where all the indicators decreased in all the studied concentrations of both valences, and the lowest values ​​of these indicators were recorded at the concentration of 400 mg / L for both hex and trivalent chromium.

Keywords: Chromium, K₂Cr₂O_7, Cr₂O_3, potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, Zea mays.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Fouzi Salih Faraj^*(1)

(1) Dept of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.

(*Corresponding author: Fouzi Salih Faraj Email: salehfara1981@yahoo.com)

Received:20/05/2022          Accepted:25/08/2022

Abstract: 

The study aimed to estimate the effect of some variables on agricultural GDP in Libya. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) during the period (1999-2019) was used. Initially Phillips Perron test is used and it concluded that agricultural GDP, agricultural capital formation (ACF), and agricultural labour are found stationary at first difference I(1). Since another variable namely agricultural area (ACA) is stationary at level I(0). For the co-integration test indicated that there is a co-integration between the study variables. The results of estimated coefficients in long run relationship reveal that the agricultural cultivated area and agricultural labour have a positive sign with agricultural GDP and non-significant influence. Likewise, agricultural capital formation is found to be a negative sign and not significant. In the short-run, the agricultural cultivated area and agricultural capital information have positively effect on agricultural GDP while, the labour coefficient has negative effect.

Keywords: Agricultural Cultivated Area; Agricultural Capital Formation;  Agricultural Labour;  Agricultural GDP;  Con-integration;  ARDL;  Libya.

Full paper in English: pdf

Alaa Hammo^*(1)

(1) Directorate of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection in Damascus. Damascus, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Alaa Hammo. E –mail: alaasuliman@outlook.com)

Received:23/11/2021          Accepted:30/12/2021

Abstract: 

Sheep production is one of the most profitable agricultural investments. And it is a complementary activity to plant production, which the rearers depend on as a main source of income, or as a secondary source besides plant production, to meet the family’s needs of meat, milk and its derivatives, and to sell surplus production. Accordingly, the study mainly aimed at studying some social and economic characteristics, and analyzing and describing the sheep production system in Al-Hasakah Governorate. The sample size reached 313 rearers, who were selected by a simple random sampling method, from the administrative regions of Al-Hasakah Governorate. Initial data were collected for the medians of the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons according to a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. The results showed that 92% of rearers within the economic age, and illiteracy among them increased by 45.2%, and the size of their families ranged between 3-13 members, in addition to an important role for women in the production system and the integration between agricultural and animal activity, and that 25.5% of rearers under the category of their holdings are within the category (>10-14) hectares, while 51.56% of the rearers whose area planted with forage crops falls within the category (>4- 8) hectares, 52.32% of the rearers whose holding of sheep fall into the category (less than 19) sheep head, that 91.6% of the rearers renew their herds, and that the source of this renewal is to keep the newborns, and that 98.6% of the rearers follow the method of collective grazing, that 89.17% of the rearers have good knowledge of health and disease aspects, and that the main purpose of production in the study area is self-sufficiency marketing surplus. The study recommends allocating sufficient areas for the cultivation of fodder crops to secure the fodder need, and moving from subsistence production to commercial industrial production by increasing the size of the herd on an annual and gradual basis.

Keywords : Production and Marketing System, Sheep Raiser, Socioeconomic status, Rearing practices.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Samawal Sadi Abdullah Al-Tikriti^*(1)

(1) Dept. of animal production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, Iraq

(*Corresponding author: Dr.Samawal Al- Tikriti, Email:  Samawal_1976@yahoo.com).

              Received: 19/11/2021                         Accepted: 18/01/2022

Abstract: 

 This study was carried in poultry farm of animal production department – Faculty of agriculture, Tikrit University  for the period from 22/10/2018 to 1/6/2019.The aim of the study was carried out to evaluate the genetic parameters of some egg production traits in the brown local quail (30 males and 90 females) feathers and selected at the age of four weeks depending on the body weight.  The packed cell volume (PCV ), packed red blood cells , white blood cells and the concentration of hemoglobin were 42.12% ,  2.78 million cells / mm³ , 25.90 10³ cells / ml and 12.76 g / 100 ml, respectively. The characteristics of egg production was the rate of egg weight and average number of eggs produced percent during the first days of the beginning of the development of the first egg and the rate of egg mass 12.21 grams and 73.07 egg and 892.18 grams, respectively. The results showed that all of the volume of packed blood cells and the number of red blood cells and the concentration of hemoglobin correlated phenotypic and genetically negative and highly significant with egg production quantity studied while the phenotypic correlation and genetic between the number of white blood cells with the characteristics of egg production is positive. We conclude that the possibility of improving the qualities of egg production depending on the characteristics of some blood with (packed cell volume and red blood cell count and concentration of hemoglobin) because of the genetic and phenotypic correlations high significant ​​and heritability medium and high for traits blood.

Keywords: quail, phonotypic and genetic correlation, egg weight, egg number, blood.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Razan Balloul ^(1)*, Mohamad Ghalyah  ⁽¹⁾ , and Adib Zieni ⁽¹⁾

(1) zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Razan Balloul, E-Mail: razanhasanballol@tishreen.edu.sy)

              Received: 19/11/2021                Accepted: 18/01/2022                                                   Abstract: 

The study was conducted for the period from  25/7/2018 to 17/7/2019, To shows the species composition of animal vital enemies of fish in 16 Tishreen lake and their seasonal changes, the samples were collected by using sen-net (Amphibians) and Gill nets (for Fish), while data were collected by observation from the beach (for Mammals). The results showed that the presence of seven animal species was the vital enemies of the fish founa in the lake and floating floating cages system (devouring eggs, larvae and young fish. One of fish predatory was represented by the species: the Clarias lazera, the amphibians were represented by three species belonging to three genera and these species are namely: the tree frog Hyla arborea, Rana ridbunda, Rana esculenta pondfrog, Bufo viridis and Salamandra salamandra. There was one species of represented Reptiles is an  a water snake Natrix natrix. Lutra lutra was the only represented Mammals species  which registered in the floating cage area in 16/5/2019.

Keywords: Lake dam 16 Tishreen , Fish fauna, , Vital Enemies,Mammals Lutra lutra.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Khalid William M. Farnar^*(1)

(1) Department of Marine Vertebrate, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Khalid Farnar. E-Mail: khaled_msc62@yahoo.com).

Received: 12|10|2021                Accepted:22|01|2022

Abstract: 

  The experiment was designed to study the effect of using fertilizing on the growth of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella juvenile reared floating cages developed in an earthen ponds of marine science center, The study continued for six weeks of period from 1/4/2020 to 15/5/2020. The cages was (30 x 30 x 60) cm³ in size , the cages immersed to a depth of 40 cm. six cages were used, with a duplicate of each cage. In cage A the fishes was feed on a standard diet, cage B adding a birds droppings as an organic fertilizer, in cage C urea used as a chemical fertilizer, 20 juveniles of the experimental fish were placed in each cage. the fishes depend on a natural dissolves oxygen in the ponds, the result  shows that the rate of the length and weight in the cage A 4.8 cm and 121.16 g, cage B 5.3 cm and 173.26 g, cage C 5.1 cm and 132.78 g, with weight increased 54.76 , 97.95 , 57.17% and with a relative growth rate of 160.68 , 230.06, 175.62% , with a survival rate 70%, 98% , 85% for the cages A, B and C respectively. The results showed that organic fertilizing increased the growth rates of the experiment fishes clearly in the cage C  compared to other cages without any side effects and it was the best way to using a fertilize.

Keyword: fertilizing , cages, ,organic fertilizer,urea.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Balqees S. Al-Ali *⁽¹⁾,  Hamed  T. Al-Saad⁽²⁾,  and Abdulaziz M.Abdullah⁽³⁾

(1) Marine Science center, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraqi.    

(2) Faculty of marine sciences, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraqi.    

(3) faculty of Agriculture, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraqi.    

(*Corresponding author: Balqees  Al-Ali, E-Mail : balqis.abbas@uobasrah.edu.iq).

Received: 23/06/2022                 Accepted:5/09/2022

Abstract: 

The present study was included limitation ,distribution, spread and resources of pesticides Alburnus mossulensis  fish from three stations Al-harrir , Al-sulal and Al-burka). This study was extended from January ,2009 to December,2009 during low tide times .12 compound will found in this study which are aldrine, dieldrine , endrine , chlordane , lindane, heptachlore,  methoxychlore, P,P-DDE , O,P-DDD ,O,P-DDT , P,P-DDD and P,P-DDT the highest concentrations 236.09 µg/ kg  was found in A. mossuleusis for chlordane pesticides at July in Al-harrir station and the lowest concentrations 0.003 µg/ kg  was found for Aldrin at January in Al-sulal station  . while the highest total concentration

key word: Insecticides  , fish , Alburnus mossulensis   , Al-Hammar Marshes.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Alaa Assi *⁽¹⁾

(1) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Alaa Assi ,Email: allaaasi24@gmail.com )

Received:5\09\2021                 Accepted:18\01\2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted to discover. The effect of administration methods on infectious Bronchitis vaccine for levels of immunity in broiler’s chicken. One hundred and thirty broiler chicks were used breed (Ross). Ten chicks from them were slaughtered at one day old to study the maternal immunity by ELIZA. The titer of maternal immunity was (4142),so the first vaccine was administrated at (10) day old. The chicks from one day old were divided into two equal groups of (60) each, and each one was subdivided into two frequencies of (30) each. The condition breedving and feeding were the same for all the birds, but the vaccination method was different .The first group was given the vaccine by drinking water and the second group was given the vaccine by eye drops. The titer of antibodies in eye drops administration method gave higher significant difference than drinking water method on P<0.05.Wich gave priority to using this method to vaccinate broiler’s chicken.                                      

Keywords: Infectious Bronchitis Disease (IB), Level of immunity (Titer), Enzyme Linked  Immunosorbent Azzay (ELIZA).

Full paper in Arabic: pdf