Hanan Khnaiseh *⁽¹⁾ , Ilene Mahfoud  ⁽¹⁾ and Ali Thabeet ⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Forestry and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Departement of renewable natural resources and ecology, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Hanan Khnaiseh, E-Mail: hanankhnaiseh@gmail.com).

                           Received: 30/09/2023                   Accepted: 24/12/2023

Abstract: 

Pinus brutia Ten. in Kfardabil afforestation site in the Jableh region, based on the Spectral Vegetation Indices calculated from satellite images. The study was carried out in the summer of 2019, 20 square samples were taken with an area of ​​3600 square meters each distributed randomly over the entire site, which has an area of ​​114 hectares. The diameter (dbh) for all trees in the studied samples were measured. Also, Ten trees (covering all diameters classes) were cut and weighed in order to estimate their biomass, and then their measurements were used to form the mathematical power model to estimate the biomass based on the diameter at the sample level. A set of spectral vegetation indices were calculated in order to study their association with biomass, namely NDVI, RDVI, LCI, NDMI, OSAVI and NDRE. These indices were calculated from the Sentinel-2 image using Arc Gis 10.3 software, and then linear models were designed that allow estimating of the biomass based on the values ​​of those spectral vegetation indices. The study concluded that there is a strong correlation between the NDVI and OSAVI indices with biomass, while the linear model based on the NDMI index could not accurately represent the biomass.

Key words: Brutia pine (Pinus brutia), Mathematical Model, Above-ground Biomass, Spectral Vegetation Indices, Kfardabeel afforestation site.

Full Paper in Arabic: pdf

Osama Radwan ⁽¹⁾, Samer Naser* ⁽¹⁾ and Manal Fdi ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Forestry and Environment, Faculty of Agricultural, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr.Osama Radwan, Email: osamagr3@gmail.com Or Dr. Samer Naser, E.mail: samo17973@gmail.com).

Received:24/08/2023          Accepted: 27/11/2023

Abstract: 

Melia azedarach, Laurus nobilis and Cupressus sempervirens to obtain distinguished seedlings in the development of their aerial and root system. The experiment was carried out in the Forestry and Environment Laboratory of the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia in the spring of 2020. Three agricultural media were used: A. Alturf (T): B. The nursery soil (as a witness) (S): c. A mixture of turf and nursery soil (TS) in a ratio of (1:1). The percentage of germination, average height and dry weight of the shoot and root system were studied. The complete randomized block system was used in the design of the experiment, and then L.S.D values ​​were calculated at the 0.05 level of significance. Concerning the germination rate, it ranged between (94.2 – 71.4-89.3% for Melia azedarach, Laurus nobilis and Cupressus sempervirens respectively) to outperform with a high significance on the nursery soil medium (67.4- 48.2- 61.3% respectively) compared to achieving significant differences with the mixture of turf and soil (77.6 – 55.3- 74.3% respectively). The results indicated that the turf medium was still significantly superior to the control medium, starting from germination, passing through the length of the vegetative and root groups, and reaching the average dry weight of these groups and for most species. Thus, turf played a clear role in improving the indicators measured at the center of the control alone compared to its mixture, on the level of physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Our results confirm the necessity of adding turf to the agricultural soil mixture to improve the germination and growth of seedlings, ultimately leading to the success of afforestation projects.

Keywords: Melia azedarach, Laurus nobilis, Cupressus sempervirens, substrates, growth.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hanan Almhemid*⁽¹⁾, Faraj Naoum⁽¹⁾, Abdulghani Alkhaldi⁽²⁾ and Ahmad Aljomaa⁽²⁾

(1). Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Univ. of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Cotton Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research.

(*Corresponding author: Hanan Almhemid, Email: HananAlmhemid@gmail.com).

Received:24/09/2023          Accepted: 7/12/2023

Abstract: 

The research aims to study the effect of subsurface drip irrigation system on some productivity indicators and irrigation Water use efficiency for cotton crop (Aleppo 118 varity) with different depths and spacing of the irrigation pipe. The research was carried out during 2022 agricultural season in Aleppo Governorate at Tal Hadya Cotton Research Station. (Cotton Research Administration- General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research), which is located within the second stabilization zone. The experiment was designed according to a split-plot design.The effect of two spacing (70 and 140) cm between drip pipes at three different depths as (15, 25 and 35) cm was studied.The results of variance analysis (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance for the yield trait showed high significant differences, as the average cotton yield for the first spacing (70 cm) was 5574 kg/ha and for the second spacing (140 cm) 2862 kg/ha.The results showed that there were significant differences in the water productivity, as the average irrigation water productivity for the first spacing (70 cm) was 0.824 kg/m³/h and for the second spacing (140 cm) 1.276 kg/m³/h. The results also showed that the first spacing treatment (70 cm) with the second depth (25 cm) was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments in the seed cotton yield.

Keywords: Subsurface drip irrigation, Cotton, Yield, IWUE.

Full Paper in Arabic: pdf

Osama Radwan ⁽¹⁾, Amin Saleh ⁽¹⁾ and Ahmad Saigry^(1)*

(1). Department of Forestry and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ahmad Sijari, Email Ahmad Saigry@gmail.com).

Received:18/07/2023          Accepted: 7/12/2023

Abstract: 

This research was carried out during the 2022 season in Lattakia City in the two sites of Al- Shabtaliya and Al-Kars, (100 and 600) sea level heights respectively, with the aim of studying the yield and some phenomenological and physical characteristics of wood charcoal produced from of pruning residues of olive and citrus trees, using the traditional method.The results showed that the charcoal yield ,​​ranged for olives and citrus, respectively, between (17.3 – 18.4%) in Al-Kars and between (20.3 – 21.66% ) in Al- Shabtaliya, The thickness of the bark (1-1.5) mm in Al-Kres, (0.5-1) mm in Al- Shabtaliya.  The results also showed that the quality of the charcoal produced from the two types studied in the Al- Shabtaliya site was better, because the combustion temperature cal/g.C° was 12.74 for olives, and 36.12 for citrus, and it takes a longer time to extinguish unlike the al-Kars site. The possibility of using pruning residues of these species as good alternatives to charcoal produced from forest trees

Key words : Charcoal, olives, citrus, Lattakia, specific heat, heat of combustion.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Nabil Habib(1)*

(1). Crops Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Nabil Habib: Email aboalabd876@gmail.com).

Received:12/11/2023          Accepted: 18/07/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in the Al-Zouba area of Tartous Governorate according to a completely randomized block design on whole plants of the two tobacco varieties: Burley and Virginia, during the 2022 agricultural season, to study the effect of irrigation with municipal fertilizer infusion on some morphological, physiological, qualitative and biochemical characteristics (relative water content) of the two studied varieties, which resulted in Treating the two cultivated varieties of tobacco with an infusion of local fertilizer resulted in a significant increase in all the studied traits compared to the control treatment. The results showed that the studied traits were most affected by treatment with the organic fertilizer infusion, which were leaf area, dry weight of leaves, leaf specific gravity, and photosynthesis efficiency. The two studied varieties responded in the same way to treatment with the organic fertilizer infusion, in all the studied traits, with the Virginia variety superior in all the studied traits. Except for the quality of water content, which was superior to the Burley variety (78.5%). Which shows the importance of adding local fertilizer to improve the growth of tobacco varieties, for example, and obtain the best production and highest quality.

Keywords: municipal compost, tobacco, representative efficiency, leaf specific weight.

Full Paper in Arabic: pdf

Ali Dayoub *⁽¹⁾, Yasser Hammad⁽¹⁾, and Hala Muhammad⁽¹⁾

 (1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ali Dayoub: Email ali.dayoub.3344@gmail.com).

Received:22/09/2023          Accepted: 16/11/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in the Jableh pine area, 15 km from the city of Latakia, and at an altitude estimated at 15 m from sea level, in the two agricultural seasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 to demonstrate the effect of bacterial inoculation with (Rh.Lupinii – Nitropin – Rh.Lupinii + Nitropin). Several levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 – 20, 40 – 60 – 80 kg/ha) affected some morphological and productive characteristics of white lupine plants. The study showed an increase in plant height, green weight, and leaf surface area with increasing the rate of nitrogen fertilization from 0 to 80. kg/ha and a decrease in the number of root nodules, horn length and number of fruiting branches with an increase in the rate of nitrogen fertilization from 60 to 80 kg/ha. Bacterial inoculation using (Rh.Lupinii + Nitropin) led to a significant increase in all the studied traits. The combined interaction between The nitrogen fertilization level of 60 kg/ha and bacterial inoculation (Rh.Lupinii + Nitropin) led to a significant increase in the number of fruit branches, the number of root nodules, and the length of the pod. The interaction between the nitrogen fertilization level of 80 kg/Ha and the bacterial inoculation (Rh.Lupinii + Nitropin) led to ) To significantly increase plant height, number of fruiting branches, vegetative surface area, and green weight .              

  Keywords: white lupine – biofertilizers – bacterial inoculation – nitrogen fertilization.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mervat Sawaf*⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Mervat Mohammad Sawaf. E-Mail: mervatsawaf304@gmail.com).  

Received: 17/10/2023                                   Accepted: 19/12/2023

Abstract: 

This research experiment was conducted in the Latakia Governorate, during the period 2022-2023 during two seasons, summer (from July to August) and winter (January-February). To evaluate the pollution of ammonia (NH₃) gas concentration in the indoor and outdoor air of the barn and the litter moisture content. When 3000 broilers belonging to the (Ross) hybrid. The results showed that the average concentration of ammonia gas (NH₃) in summer season in the indoor air at the first week was 0.1 mg/m³, and in the sixth weeks, it increased to 9.7 mg/m³. While in winter season, the averages of concentrations were as the following: 0.5 mg/m³ and 20.4 mg/m³ respectively. As for the outdoor air of the barn, the research results showed a decrease in the gas concentrations in inverse proportion to the distance from the body of the barn. And for the average values of moisture of the broiler litter in the summer season at the first week was 26.54 %, while for the sixth week it reached 66.99 %, and in the winter season, the moisture content was 46.25 % and 75.36 % respectively.

Keywords: Ammonia gas (NH₃), Broiler litter moisture, Summer season, Winter season.

Full Paper in Arabic: pdf

Ahed Alhelue* ⁽¹⁾, Allaa AL-Haj ⁽¹⁾ and Mohamed Alkhlaf ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ahed Alhelue. E-Mail: ahedalhelue27@gmail.com).

Received:13/09/2023          Accepted: 15/10/2023

Abstract: 

This study was conducted in a fishery in the Sheikh Saeed area in the countryside of Aleppo on carp fish to improve some productive traits and estimate their genetic parameters through selection for the best individuals that possess the best productive characteristics. In this experiment (50 fish) were used. Productivity measurements were taken for some meat production traits (weight live, total length, body depth, head length) from the age of marketing 6-7 months until the age of sexual maturity 1.5-1 years. This study was conducted in 2021 to 2023. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between all individuals for all traits, but there were some significant differences between each of the offspring resulting from selection and the clan for the traits measured by most months.

Keywords: common carp, selection, Genetic parameters, Total weight, Total length, Body depth, Head length.

Full Paper in English: pdf

Zeinab  Sleman * ⁽¹⁾ Ghassan Yacoub ⁽¹⁾   and Ali Nisafi ⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Zeinab Sleman, E-Mail: Zeinab.sleman1994@gmail.com).            

Received:2/09/2023            Accepted: 27/11/2023

Abstract: 

This research was carried out in poultry house of broiler rearing in the Village of Al-Aidiya in Jableh region. To investigate the impact of adding dried Azolla powder to the feed mixtures for broiler chickens, where 120 One-day-old (Ross) breed chicks were used, distributed randomly on 4 treatments using the Completely Randomized Design, and each treatment contained 3 replicates (10 chicks for each replicate). T0 was the control treatment and T1,T2,T3 were the treatments with the addition of dried Azolla powder in proportions(15% and 25%, without addition) respectively in the first age stage, and an addition of (25,35,15%) respectively in the second age stage,(25,60,40%) respectively in the last age stage. The results of the experiment showed that there were no significant differences (P≤0.05) in the average livinge weight (g) of birds between Azolla- containing treatments, and exceeded with very high significance at (P≤0.05) compared to the control. Where T2 (2485) kg recorded the highest living weight in the sixth week compared, with (2165) kg the lowest living weight of the control treatment. The conversion factor outperformed in the sixth week of the t2 treatment reaching (1.55), compared to the control treatment T0 (1.80), and the mortality rate in the Azolla containing treatments was very low compared to the control. In conclusion, adding dried Azolla powder to feed mixtures for broiler chickens has improved production performance compared to the control, especially when 40% and 60% of dried Azolla is added to the feed mixture, and without any adverse effects on the birds.  In addition to, agood reduction in feed costs was achieved, amounting to (30%) in treatment T2.

Keywords: Azolla, Broiler chicken, production performance, Unconventional Feed.

full paper in Arabic: pdf

Amina Alnesser ⁽¹⁾, Mohamad Hassan ⁽²⁾, and Raghad Kabalan^(2)*

(1). Basic Sciences Department  Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Syria.    

(2). Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University , Latakia, Syria.

*)Corresponding author: Raghad kabalan. E-mail raghadknraghad @gmail.com)

Received:23/08/2023                 Accepted: 16/11/2023

Abstract: 

This study was conducted on the 16 Tishreen Dam  ( Lattakia city ), during which five species were classified  belonging to the genus Diaphanosoma of family Sididae.  were identified, namely D. brachyurum, D. orghidani, D. lacustris, D. mongolianum, and D. macedonicum . which were recorded in this study Four species for the first time in Syria: D. orghidani, D. lacustris, D. mongolianum, D. Macedonicum.

Keywords: Classification، Cladocera, Sididae, Diaphanosoma, Latakia.

Full Paper in Arabic: pdf