Yaman Jabbour*(1) Mohammad Shafik Hakim(1) Filippo M Bassi(2) Abdallah Al-Yossef(3) Maysoun M. Saleh(3) Ahmad Shams Al-Dien Shaaban(4)
(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(2). International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria.
(3). General commission for scientific Agriculture research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.
(4). Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Technological Engineering, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Eng. Yaman Jabbour. E-Mail: yaman.jab@gmail.com).
Received: 17/05/2019 Accepted: 15/07/2019
Abstract
The study was carried out during 2016/2017 season at AL-Sfira location which belongs to the Scientific Agriculture Research Center in Aleppo. The study aimed to select drought tolerant tetraploid primitive wheat genotypes. 22 genotypes of tetraploid primitive wheat belong to three types were: T. polonicum, T. carthlicum and T. dicoccom in addition to 2 cultivar; Cham5 and Bohouth7 as control that were planted in two trials (water-stress) and (un-water stress) in a randomized complete block design with two replications. Grain yield were studied and the percentage of reduction was estimated as a result of water stress. Drought tolerance indices were assessed, also viz. Yield Stability Index (YSI), Tolerance Index (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI) and Stress Tolerance Index (STI). The correlations between drought tolerance indices and grain yield under both conditions were estimated for determining the most effective indices which were used to estimate Principle Component Analysis of genotypes, in addition, a Genotype Environment Interaction analysis was conducted. The results showed that the drought stress reduced grain yield for all genotypes significantly, the lowest decrease was recorded for T. polonicum (N.16) 21.44% which had the highest yield under drought stress (380 g/m2), and the most effective indices were (GMP MP and STI) for drought tolerance selection genotypes, and according to the values of drought tolerance indices the two genotypes 16 and 19 were the best genotypes followed by (20, 21). Principal Component Analysis revealed that the genotypes (16, 19, 20 and 21) were the best genotypes under the two treatments, and this conclusion was confirmed by genotype environment interaction analysis, which showed that the best genotypes were T.carthilicum (N. 20) and T. polonicum (N.16) in terms of yield and stability under study environments.
Key wards: Primitive wheat, Selection, Drought tolerance indices, Genotype environment interaction, Principle component analysis.
Full paper in Arabic: PDF