Ahmed Al-Ali Al-Khalaf ^(1)*

(1). Raqqa Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria. Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Ahmed Al-Ali Al-Khalaf. E-Mail: dr.ahmadelkhalf@gmail.com, Tel:+963998017094).

Received:13/01/2022                                       Accepted: 23/03/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Raqqa /Al-Sabkha City/ of the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research during the season 2020/2021 to study the response of varieties of durum (Triticum  durum Desf) and bread (Trticum  aestivum L.) wheat to different treatments of organic and chemical fertilization using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot design with three replications, where the first factor represents 4 fertilization treatments (100% organic, 100% chemical, 50% organic + 50% chemical, 75% organic + 25% chemical) and the second factor 4 wheat varieties: durum (Sham 9, Buhouth 11) and bread (Sham 10, Buhouth 8).  The following characteristics were studied: number of days from sowing to full maturity, number of grains/ main spike, weight of grain/spike (g), protein percentage, gluten percentage, and starch percentage.  The results showed the earliness of the cultivar Buhouth 8 with other treatments (50% organic + 50% chemical),  and the highest number of grains per spike and weight of grains per spike with an average of 155 days, 43.3 grains/spike  2.87 grams, respectively.  Sham9 cultivar with fertilization treatment (50% organic and 50% chemical) achieved the highest percentages of protein and gluten with an average of 16.5 and 32.8%, respectively.  The highest percentage of starch was recorded by fertilization treatment (75% organic + 25% chemical) with an average of 70.1%. The study suggests planting the wheat variety Buhouth 8 with the integrated use of mixed organic and chemical fertilizers mixed with 50%, which will significantly improve the weight of the grain/spike and the qualitative characteristics of wheat, reduce costs and preserve the environment.

Key words: Wheat, Organic Fertilization, Protein Percentage, Gluten Percentage, Starch Percentage.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf