Maya Ghorra(1)* and Muhammad Nael Khattab (1)
(1). Department of Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(* Corresponding author: Maya Ghorra, E-mail.: mayanabilgherra@gmail.com)
Received: 14/12/2022 Accepted: 28/02/2023
Abstract:
The research was carried out in the Damsarkho region of Lattakia Governorate during the agricultural season 2022, according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replications, for five genotypes of sugar corn (Dina, Golden Sweet, Mardikh, Baladi, Novo), which we obtained from some companies. agriculture in Latakia. With the aim of verifying the genetic potentialof these cultivars and the degree of their genetic divergence, and determining the appropriate selectoral indicators to be used in subsequent breeding programs to obtain high hybrid strength and improve the yield of sweet corn in quantity and quality. Significant differences were found for most of the studied traits, and the Mardikh genotype was the earliest to reach maturity (87.5 days), and the highest seed weight per plant among the studied genotypes (50 g). The Novo model had the highest stem height (170.45 cm), while the Golden Sweet model was distinguished by the ear height (44.21 cm), while the Dina genotype was distinguished by the number of leaves (59.91 leaves), the leaf area (7827.83 cm2), and the cob length (18.21 cm). ), and the cob weight was (92.65 g), and the Golden Sweet model was the largest in terms of cob diameter, reaching (4.79 cm), and the percentage of sugar was (13.38%) among the studied models. Productivity (grain weight per ear (g)) was positively and significantly associated with the characteristics of ear length/cm (r=0.521*), ear diameter/cm (r=0.521*), and number of grains per ear (r=0.582*). The aforementioned traits as selective indicators for increasing productivity. Cluster analysis indicated the existence of genetic diversity among the studied models, which is necessary for any subsequent breeding process, especially the use of genes belonging to different groups for crossbreeding in order to obtain the maximum strength of the hybrid. Therefore, we recommend the use of the two genotypes of sweet corn, Dina and Mardikh, in cultivation in the coastal region and to be used as a raw material for subsequent breeding work, due to their genetic divergence and their superiority in many characteristics, including early adoptability, productivity and quality.
Keywords: sorghum, degree of heritability, genetic progression, genetic and phenotypic variation.
Full paper in Arabic: pdf