Ahmed H. A. Anees*(1) and Watheq H. M. Thiaib Al-Gaisi(1)
(1). Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Iraq.
(*Corresponding author: Ahmed H. A. Anees . E-Mail: Ahmed75hawas@yahoo.com).
Received: 28/12/2019 Accepted: 24/02/2020
Abstract
A factorial mating was carried out between male parents (OH(1), ZP-31(2), UN440(3), INbread12(4) and ZP-607(5)) and female parents (SH(6), IK-58(7), IK-8(8) and R-153(9)). It had been done during spring 2014 at a farm in Baiji district. Parents and their hybrids had been evaluated at Shwan Research Station, Directorate of Agriculture in Kirkuk in autumn 2015 to figure out parents general combining ability (GCA), hybrids specific combining ability (SCA) and dominant gene action for number of days till male and female flowering, plant height, leaf area, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 100 grain weight and single plant yield. Results showed a significant genetic difference among the genotypes in most of the characteristics except number of rows per ear for male parents. The male parents (INbread12(4) and ZP-607(7))weresignificantly combined positively for plant height and leaf area in INbread12(4) and 100 grain and yield for ZP-607(7). The same positive direction was obtained in female parents (IK-8(8) and R-153(9)) for number of days till female flowering, number of rows per ear and yield for IK-8(8), and leaf area, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and yield for R-153(9). Hybridssignificantly combined in a desired direction as well. For example, (OH X R-153), (INbread12 R-153X) and (ZP-607 X IK-58) combined in growth and yield characteristics. The components ratio of (GCA) to (SCA) was less than one, and the dominance variance was more than the additive variance. This was reflected on the broad sense heritability which was high, and on the narrow sense heritability which was low. Finally, it is possible to prognosticate that studied characteristics were controlled by the dominant gene action, and can be selected as promising hybrids and avoiding the selection in the early generations.
Kew words: Maize, Factorial mating system, Genetic parameters.
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