Rami Kaba*⁽²⁾ Awhadis Arsaln⁽¹⁾MohamadKher Saadon⁽²⁾Nabeel Mohamad⁽²⁾Mohamad Hamo⁽²⁾ & Sherzad Yosef⁽²⁾

(1). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR). Damascus, Syria.
(2). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Al-Qamishli Agricultural Research Center, Al-Qamishli, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rami Kaba, Al-Qamishli, Syria. E-mail:kaba.rami@gmail.com).

Received: 14/07/ 2014                                    Accepted: 12/2/ 2015

Abstract

This research was conducted at the General commission for Scientific and Agricultural Research (GCSAR), AL Qamishli Scientific Agricultural Research Center, AL Qamishli , Syria. in the first establishment zone, according to the split plot design, where agricultural system (zero tillage, and traditional tillage) represented the main treatments and fertilizations the split treatments, with three replications. Four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N₀ , N₁ 100 kg/ha , N₂ 150 kg/ha , and N₃ 200 kg/ha) as Urea 46%, and three levels of phosphoric fertilizers (P₀ , P₁ 100 kg/ha, and P₂ 150 kg/ha) were used. Results of the three seasons 2008- 2011 showed that zero tillage treatments significantly over yielded traditional ones by 8-20 % , that can be attributed to different fertilization levels of N and P in addition to rain. Results also clarified that increasing of N fertilization at (P₀), has given significant increase in production on direct proportion with the increase of nitrogen fertilizing level (N₁, N₂, N₃) and reached in comparison with the control (110, 178, 217 kg/ha) in the traditional tillage, but in zero tillage the productivity at the tow levels (N₁, N₂) increased by (118-147 kg/ha) respectively. The increase has reduced at the level N₃ to(113 kg/ha), but at (P₁) fertilizing level of zero tillage the yield increase of (N₁) reached (336) kg/ha, which significantly over yielded the (N₁,N₂) by (313, 247 kg/ha). While under traditional tillage the highest increase reached (313 kg/ha) under N₂ and the yield decreased 147 kg/ha under N₃.  At (P₂) level and (N₀) level the increase in yield under zero tillage was(147 kg/ha),to become at N₁ level up to (216 kg/ha) and to reach at (N₂) to (376 kg/ha). Consequently, zero tillage significantly over yielded the traditional tillage. We recommend using zero tillage with (N₂, P₂) fertilization levels.

Keywords: Zero tillage ZT, Traditional tillage TT, Nitrogen fertilization N, Phosphor fertilization P, Wheat, Soil properties .

Full paper in Arabic : تأثير معدلات التسميد الآزوتي والفوسفوري في إنتاجية القمح وفي عدد من خصائص التربة تحت نظام الزراعة الحافظة في منطقة الاستقرار الأولى