Nada Mohammad Eid Albarni1* and Baha Alrahban 1
1 General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Research Administration of Plant Protection, Weed Research and Control Department, Damascus, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Nada Mohammad Eid Albarni: albarninada@hotmail.com, Mob. +96311949913439).
Received: 5/ 2/ 2025 Accepted: 6/ 11/ 2025
Abstract:
The research was conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications (at the Weed Research and Control Laboratory of the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in Damascus- Syria during the 2022-2023 season, in order to investigate the potential phytotoxic effect of the hot aqueous extract of organic residues of S. elaeagnifolum fruits at three concentrations (3%, 7%, and 10%) on germination and seedling growth of durum wheat (Sham11 variety). The results showed that the fruit extracts were contained alkaloids and saponins. These extracts were led to a gradual decrease with increasing concentration tested, with significant differences in the percentage of wheat seeds germination, the length of its seedlings, its wet and dry weight and the content of chlorophyll A and B pigments in its leaves at the age of 15 days. Where, the highest concentration of 10% gave (25%, 0.82 cm and 0.14 cm, 0.03 g, 0.01 g) germination percentage, stem and root length of seedling, fresh weight, and dry weight, respectively, compared to the control (100%, 15.73 cm and 14.81 cm, 1.25 g, 0.40 g) respectively. This indicates the possibility of extracting toxic chemical compounds with inhibitory effects from the fruits of Silverleaf Nightshade plant, and develop them to use as raw materials for the manufacture of bio-herbicides, that can be used in integrated pest management programs, especially in organic agriculture. This approach simultaneously eliminates this weed by applying natural mechanical control.
Keywords: Silverleaf Nightshade Solanum elaeagnifolium, Inhibitory Effects, Allelopathy, Biopesticides, Durum Wheat.
Full paper in Arabic: PDF