Ali Sabha*¹ and Lama Hamdan²

¹Researcher Doctor, General Authority for Biotechnology. Damascus, Syria.

²Dept. of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Latakia University, Latakia, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ali Sabha, E-Mail: asabha46@gmail.com)

Received: 25/ 9/ 2025                   Accepted: 9/ 2/ 2026

Abstract: 

The research was conducted at the Biotechnology Center in the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering at Latakia University during the years 2024-2025, with the aim of studying Morphological characterization of Myrtus communis L. phenotypes and finding the genetic variability between them based on morphological characteristics in three villages has been identified belonging  is Dibash, Yarte, Mzyraa, The results showed the presence of Four phenotypes distinguished on the base of fruit morphology were used in this study. these plants exist in the form of groups of shrubs, carrying differences in many morphological characteristics. First phenotype has a bluish black fruits, the second phenotype with theatrophic green fruits, third phenotype with spherical and white fruits , fourth phenotype with white fruits witch has long form this phenotype is superior to the other of the phenotypes dimensions of the fruit and the weight of a hundred seeds , wet weight , and thick leaf, this phenotype is in the Yarte and Mzyraa mainly villages, there are not significant differences between the four phenotypes in the leaf dimensions, The average number of main branches is (7,8,9), there are not significant differences between the four phenotypes in the flower dimensions and the number of stamens in the flower ,the number of stamens is (143). The date of the beginning of the flowering of the phenotypes which is between (7-10) June and the beginning of the transformation to the fruits between (1- 3) July, Maximum flowering date of the models which is between (20-23) June Maximum transformation date to the fruits between (14- 19) July. Dendrogram of genetic relationships, based on the fruit morphology, showed a variability between all studied types. The four types were regrouped into two separated groups, the first includes types 1 and 2, and the second includes types 3 and 4 with a coefficient of genetic dissimilarity equal to 0.7.

Keywords: Myrtus communis L., morphological characteristics, wild types, genetic Relationship, Lattakia.

 Full paper in Arabic: PDF