Maissoun  Ziadeh^1* , Mohammad Dikkeh¹ and Vienna Hammoud²

1Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
2Department of Biology – Faculty of Science – University of Tartous – Tartous – Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Maissoun Ziadeh. maissounziadeh4@gmail.com ).

Received: 11/ 02/ 2024          Accepted: 13/ 08/ 2024

Abstract

This study deals with evaluating the uptake and accumulation of cadmium and lead in Radish Raphanus sativus L. tissues in order to determine its efficiency for use in phytoremediation of lead-and-cadmium-contaminated soil, based on a pot-experiment. The results of the study showed that the concentration of lead and cadmium in the soil had a significant effect on the decrease in biomass and on the content of the roots and shoots of the Radish plant of both metals,The Radish did not behave as a hyper-accumulating plant of cadmium or lead. Based on the fact that the bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) and the transfer factor (TF) for cadmium are greater than one for most treatments, and on the available cadmium extraction yield (SEY) (Mg(NO3)2%) which reaches up to 20.75%, meaning that we need to plant radish only 5-11 times to remediate the soil from the available cadmium, it is possible to consider radish as a potential candidate for use in phytoremediation of cadmium by bioextraction.The values of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and bioaccumulation factor (BAC) for lead were less than one, and the values of the extraction yield of lead relative to the total concentration in the soil (SEYTPb%) were very low, not exceeding 0.0029%. Although the percentage of available lead (soluble and exchangeable) was less than 1% in all treatments the extraction yield of lead remained low, as we need to plant radish between 300-588 times to remediate the soil from the available lead.
Keywords: Phytoremediation, Brassicaceae, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Bioaccumulation Factor (BAC), Transfer Factor (TF), Specific Extraction Yield Percentage (SEY%).

 Full paper in Arabic: PDF