Abdel Nasser Omar ^(1)* and Yasen Almohsen ⁽²⁾

(1). Scientific agricultural research center of Hama, (GCSAR ), Syria.

(2). University of Hama, Veterinary medicin, Hama, Syria.

(* Corresponding author. Abdel Nasser Omar: Email: abdnaser64@gmail.com.)

Received: 15/11/2021                 Accepted: 19/03/2022

Abstract: 

 study was carried out on 24 heads of camels infected with ringworm, were the age of 5 months to 2 years, clinically affected by ringworms, with relatively similar symptoms and weights, and bred under intensive breeding conditions in Al-Mazreb area in Hama Governorate (Syria) during the period between August and November 2018, aiming to study the effectiveness of some medicinal compounds against infection. Trichophyton species was identified through microscopic test with the help of potassium hydroxide solution 20% by examining hair samples before giving medicines, and the fungal colonies developing on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA) were tested by glucose The animals were divided into four groups (6 heads in each group), the first group was given Ivermac compound as a subcutaneous injection for two times at 14 days interval, the second group with a Yosycal solution and the third group with a Povimex iodine solution with a concentration of 10% as a topical cream on the lesions of the skin infection for 7 consecutive times at an interval of every two days once for both drugs, the fourth group remained as a control without any drug compound being administered. The results showed isolating two types of Trichophyton, namely: Trichophyton verrucosum (87.5%), and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (12.5%). It was found that a solution of Povimex Iodine at a concentration of 10% was the most and the fastest among the medicinal compounds used, as it led to complete recovery of infected camels by  a ratio of  100% after it was gave within (21) days from the start of treatment compared with the effectiveness of Yosycal and Ivermac solution, where the animals were cured on the day (28) And the day (42), respectively, and the differences were significant at the level of (p> 0.05).The results recorded a clear decrease in the appearance of lesions and fungal spores in the three study groups treated with medicinal compounds, while no decrease was observed in the untreated control group, and the control group animals did not recover completely until the 129^th day of the start of the experiment. It was shown that the use of Povimex Iodine 10% solution in the treatment of camels with ringworms is the  best and the fastest effective between medicinal compounds against infection.

Key words: Ringworm, Camel, Medicinal Compounds.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Zirak M. R. Palani^(1)*,  Khalil, W.A⁽²⁾, Hamid E. I. Kutaibani⁽³⁾, and Faraidoon A. M. Amin⁽⁴⁾

(1). Animal Physiology,Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

(2). Animal Production Dept, Faculty of Agric, Mansoura Univ, Egypt .

(3). College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tikrit. Iraq.

(4). College of Veterinary Medicine University of Sulaimani. Iraq.

(* Corresponding author. Zirak M  R  Palani: Email: zirak_axa@yahoo.com.)

Received: 22/03/2022             Accepted: 14/10/2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted to study the effect of adding selenium and zinc individually and their mixture on the carcass characteristics of male Kurdi lambs. The study included 16 male Kurdi lambs aged between 4-5 months and weights between 20-23 kg, the animals were divided into four groups, 4 lambs per group. The first group (the control) was fed a regular fed without adding selenium and zinc, the second group was added selenium at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg fed, and the third group was added with zinc at a concentration of 100 mg/kg fed, and the fourth group was added with selenium with zinc at a concentration of 0.5 + 100 mg. /kg fed respectively. The additives were given by gelatin capsules fed for 90 days. The results showed that some carcass traits improved significantly in the groups of adding selenium and zinc and their mixture compared to the control group, and there were no significant differences between the four treatments in the carcass clearance ratio and the physical separation of the thigh piece. We conclude from the above that the addition of selenium and zinc and their mixture led to an improvement in some carcass characteristics of male Kurdi lambs.

Keywords: Selenium, Zinc, Carcass Characteristics, Kurdi Lambs.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Berna Krikor Jilenkerian *⁽¹⁾, Ali Nisafi⁽¹⁾, Ahmad Kara Ali ⁽²⁾ and Bushra AI-Eissa⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Marine Chemistry, Higher Institute of Marine Research Tishreen, University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Berna Krikor Jilenkerian. E-Mail: berkomg81@gmail.com).

Received: 17/10/2021             Accepted: 31/03/2022

Abstract: 

This research experiment was conducted in the town of Al-Qanjara in Latakia Governorate, during the period 2019-2021 (January-February). The Syrian natural zeolite was added to the litter (sawdust: zeolite) for the three treatments, with the following ratios: Tz₁ (25%) (75:25), Tz₂ (50%) (50:50) and Tz₃ (75%) (25:75), and in addition the control Tz₀ (0%) without zeolite. To evaluate the effect of adding the zeolite to the litter of hybrid broilers (Roos) on the pollution of ammonia (NH3) gas concentration in the air of the barn, at five different ages (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) weeks respectively. Using the portable multi-gas detector. The results showed that the average concentration of NH3 at the first week in the control was Tz₀ 0.1 ppm, and with the beginning of the fourth week, the values recorded a relative increase 1.6, while in the fifth week it increased to 16.6. The increase in the value of NH3 from the beginning of the first week until at the end of the fifth week 16.5. As for the average values of NH3 at the fifth week, they were as follows: Tz₀ 16.6, Tz₁ 14.1, Tz₂ 13.1 and at the Tz₃ 12 ppm respectively.

Key words: Natural zeolite, Ammonia gas (NH3), Broiler litter, Semi-closed broiler house, Winter season.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Shade Gnede * ⁽¹⁾, Mohamad Hassan ⁽¹⁾ and Amal Dayoub⁽²⁾

(1).Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Production Department, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2).Department of Environmental Protection, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Shade Gnede. E-Mail :shaidignaidi@hotmail.com).

Received: 21/12/2021       Accepted: 1/04/2022

Abstract: 

This study was aimed to investigating the fauna of Monogenea in Scomber scombrus fished from Syrian marine waters (fishing port of Jableh and Lattakia) between July 2020 and July 2021. The number of samples reached to 224. Examination samples showed that S. scombrus was infected with the blood-sucking parasite Kuhnia scombri during, March, April and June, with an intensity rate 1.5 parasites/fish, and a prevalence rate 4.46%, where the number of fish infected with the parasite reached to 10 fish and the number of fish infected with the parasite was 15 individuals. This is the first record of K. scombri on the gills of S. scombrus in Syrian marine waters.

Key-words: Scomber scombrus– Parasites-Monogenea- Kuhnia scombri– Syrian marine waters.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mohammad Wati ^(1)* and Ahmad Marouf ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Mohammad Wati, e-mail: Mohammadwetty93@gmail.com )

Received:7/08/2021               Accepted:14/03/2022

Abstract: 

The bushes of three pomegranate cultivars were pruned Punica granatum L Cultivated in the Neirab area during the agricultural season 2018-2019 to study the effect of this on vegetative growth and fruit production according to the design of complete random sectors with different shear levels (0-20-30-40-50%- the farmer attestation) The results of the studied cultivars (sweet French – French sour – Laffan sour) indicated that fruit pruning by cutting 50% of last year’s growth leads to an increase in annual vegetative longitudinal growth at a rate of 23.24 cm, and the leaf surface of the same cut level is 8.32 cm2 / leaf, While the number of flowers was distinguished by the two levels of pruning, 30-40%, according to the two types of wood (old 12.33-11.33 flower/branch), and (modern 19.43-15.58-16.4 flower/branch). Whereas, the 40% pruning level gave the best results with the percentage of internodes in the three varieties: 37.67-35.33-41.00%, which increased the rates of knots and fruiting. At pruning levels 40-50% for the three varieties, 54.94 kg/tree, the chemical and quality specifications of the fruits also improved.

Key words: vegetative growth, flowering, flat leaf, fruiting, productivity, pomegranate cultivar.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Othman Kalid Alwan*⁽¹⁾ and Mohammed Salman Mohammed⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design.College of Agriculture.Diyala University. Iraq.

(2). Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design.College of Agriculture Diyala University.Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Othman kalid Alwan . E-Mail: athman56@yahoo.com)

Received:31/10/2021               Accepted:31/10/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out in the greenhouses of the extension farm in Diyala Governorate for the seasons (2020-2021) and (2021-2022), where ten strains of cherry tomatoes imported from the Tomato Genetic Resources Center (TGRS) at the University of California Davis Institute were planted in the first season. Five pure lines of tomatoes (LA4451, LA4753, LA3334, LA3538 and LA4689) were selected andt symbolized (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5), respectively, and entered into Full Diallel crossing program for the production of individual hybrids, In the second season , The compositions were evaluated . The results showed that there was a significant effect of the genotypes, as the parent (LA4451) outperformed the average fruit weight, the yield of one plant and the total yield (8.41 g, 2.72 kg and 3.40 tons) on the Fruit hardness,Total soluble solids( TSS), acidity (3.34, 5.11 and 2.56) respectively, vitamin C and anthocyanins (17.81 and 63.13) respectively. (LA3538) Lycopene n (3.87). The parent (LA4689) surpassed the number of fruits (512.33 fruits). The superiority of the hybrid (1×2) with vitamin C (19.21) and the superiority of the hybrid (1×4) significantly in the average fruit weight, yield of one plant, and total yield (13.45 g, 4.66 kg, and 5.82 tons, respectively), fruit hardness and total acidity (3.36 and 3.18) on the straight . Hybrids (2×3) and (2×4) also outperformed with early ripening (40.66 and 40.33 days), respectively. The superiority of the two hybrids (2 × 5) in beta-carotene (0.470). The superiority of the hybrid (5×4) in the number of fruits (521.33 fruits). The superiority of the hybrid (1×5) with anthocyanins (63.27). The superiority of the hybrid (4×1) with TSS, lycopene and total sugars (5.10, 3.94 and 15.16), respectively. The hybrids (3×2), (4×1), (4×2), (5×2) and (5) ×1) Inverseness with significant inverse effect ability for most of the studied traits.    

Key words: Inversely Effect. Reciprocal. Full Diallel .Cherry Tomato Hybrid.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Saker Algadban ^(1)*

(1). Second Faculty of Agriculture,  Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Saker Algadban. E-mail: alkadsaker@gmail.com.)

                   Received:16/11/2021                         Accepted: 20/03/2022 

Abstract: 

This research aimed to investigate the work of a solar drier designed to dry agricultural products for storage. In the experiment, green peas seeds were used, and the number of hours needed for drying them was counted, in comparison with the time needed by using the natural solar drying process (outside the drier). This experiment was designed by using Simple Random Sectors; thus this experiment has two drying treatments: drying inside the drier and the control (natural solar drying), and each treatment included three replications. The highest temperature inside the solar drier reached 54^oC at 14,30 with sunshine, whereas the lowest temperature inside the drier was 28^oC at 23,30 at night.  The drying process inside the dryer was better than that of the control with respect to average temperatures starting from 11,30 a.m. until the end of the measurement time, as it took 7.5 hours to reach the ideal storage humidity of 4% for the peas inside the dryer, while outside the dryer it took 26.5 hours.

Keywords: Solar drier, Natural draining, peas.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Reem Abd El-Hameed * ⁽¹⁾, Ghada Kattmah⁽¹⁾ , Ali Hjeiz ⁽¹⁾ Bassam Okla⁽²⁾, Redwan Badr Eldeen ⁽²⁾, and Maysaa Al Sayed ⁽¹⁾ 

(1). Olive Research Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research.

(2). General Commission of Food Technology, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Reem Abd El-Hameed. E-Mail: reem_ahamid@yahoo.com,)

Received: 28/02/2022          Accepted:28/03/2022

Abstract: 

This research carried out during period (2018 and 2020) in collaboration between the General Commission of Agricultural Scientific Research (GCSAR) and the Faculty of Agriculture at Damarcus University, on some local olive varieties (Khoudiri, Douibli, Sakari, Airouni) and foreign one (Lecceino) cultivated in coastal region, oil percentage was determined in Fruit Physiology Laboratory in Administration of Horticulture Research, and its content of fatty acids in Food Technology Lab.  Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University.  The results of chemical study showed that the highest oil percentage according to wet weight was in local variety Khoudiri (24.19%) and the lowest was in Airouni (18.30%), the studied varieties also varied in terms of their oil content of the main fatty acids, and the differences were significant between them with regard to the proportions of (Palmetic, Oleic, Lenoleic, Lenolenic), as well as Khoudiri var. was distinguished by its oil content of fatty acid Oleic (74.28%) and exceeded significantly the other varieties, followed by Sukari and Leccino vars. (68.66, 68.69% Respectively), The two local cultivars Airouni and Douibli were distinguished by their high oil content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (20.96, 18.66%) which indicates their nutritional value when consumed as table olive cultivars, The calculated oxidizability values showed that oil of two varieties Koudairi and Sukari are less susceptible to oxidation with a significant difference than the rest of the studied olive cultivars. The studied cultivars insert in three groups: the first: includes the local variety Khodeiri (oil percentage< 20%, oleic fatty acid < 70%), the second: contains two varieties the introduced one Leccino and the local Sukari (oil percentage< 20%, Oleic acid < 60%, 70%>), the third: include two local varieties Doebli and Airouni (oil percentage: 18-20%, oleic acid< 60% (. This research added new evidence of the superiority of the local variety in most cases compared with introduced ones, since the local varieties are originated in our land and adapted to climatic conditions in it. Especially since many studies indicated that Syria is the origin of olive and from it spread to the rest of the world.

Keywords: olive, variety, oil percentage, fatty acid, calculated oxidizability.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Rania Ahmed Hassan Onsa^(1)*, Igbal Abd Elgadeir Abd Ellatif ⁽²⁾, Magdoleen Gamar Eldeen Osman⁽³⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Al zaiem Al azhari , Khartoum, Sudan

(2). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan

(3). Plant Tissue Culture, National Center of Research, Khartoum, Sudan.

^(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rania Ahmed Hassan Onsa, E-mail: raniaonsa@gmail.com)

       Received: 16/12/ 2021            Accepted: 16/03/ 2022

Abstract: 

Ixora coccinea is a popular ornamental plant, as well as it is an important medicinal plant. This study was conducted to study the effect of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) on shoot formation of Ixora coccinea. Shoot tip explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg/l) of AgNO₃ for establishment stage. Then shoot tip explants sub-cultured on MS medium supplemented with 8.0 mg /l AgNO₃ combined with different concentrations (0.0,0.5,1.0 and 2.0 mg/l) of Benzyl aminopurine (BAP) for multiplication stage. The results showed that uses of different concentrations of AgNO₃ alone affect positively on shoot morphogenesis of I. coccinea. 8.0 mg /l of AgNO₃ gave the best result on shoot formation. However, 5.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mg/l AgNO₃ scored similar results in number of nodes. The combine of 8.0 mg /l AgNO₃ and 2.0 mg/l BAP to MS medium enhanced the multiplication rate of shoot significantly.

Keywords: AgNO₃, In vitro, Ixora coccinea, Micropropagation, Shoot formation.

Full paper in English: pdf

Fadi Kazngi (1)*

(1). Department of Natural Resourses, General Commission for Scientific, Agricultural Research, Latakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Fadi Kazngi. E-Mail: fadikazngi79@yahoo.com.)

Received: 19/11/2021                     Accepted:25/03/2022

Abstract: 

This research was carried out during 2015 – 2018 in the agricultural scientific research center in Lattakia. The research aimed to study the effect of grafting date (spring and autumn), the method of grafting (whip and bud), and some biological and genetic indicators of Rootstock and Scion important, on the success of grafting and the development of Scions in Carob seedlings. One year rootstocks resulted by two chosen genetic types, namely, Snobar Jablah and Alhafa were used. Scions were taken either from seedlings with age of one year resulted by these two types or from branches aged one year from the trees of the selected two types as well. Grafting was conducted by using Whip Graft and T-budding way in spring and autumn. The date of spring grafting showed a significant effect on rates of grafting success and on the indicators of growth and development of the grafts of the genetic types, (Snobar and Alhafa) and methods of grafting. Also the effective role of the grafting method appeared sense, the whip grafting was significantly superior to the Bud grafting on rates of grafting success in the indicators of growth and development of grafts genetic types studied, and dates of grafting. Auto-grafting has indicated the importance of the role of biological and genetic factors of grafts and their impact in the rates of grafting success. Auto-grafting significantly surpassed Hetero-grafting for both of two genetic types, and dates of grafting. In addition, Auto-grafting has shown a significant surpass on other kinds of grafting, in the development of scions.
Keywords: Carob, whip grafting, Bud grafting, Biological and genetic indicators.

Full paper in Arabic:pdf