Ritta Alhayek ^(1)*, Samir Tabbache ⁽¹⁾, Ahmad Ibrahim Kara Ali ⁽²⁾ and Mohammad Ahmad⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

(2). High Institute of Marine Research, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ritta Alhayek, E- Mail: rittaadnanalhaik@tishreen.edu.sy)  

  Received: 6/01/2022      Accepted: 23/05/2022

Abstract: 

  The research was carried out in Latakia province in green house in Jableh countryside during 2019 to test the efficacy of the pesticide chlorantraniliprole and Silica Nano particles in addition to their mixture against the larvae of tomato tuta absoluta under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that there were significant differences between all treatments and the control in terms of the number of live larvae /plant, and the most effective pesticide was chlorantraniliprole 63.85% after 7 days of the first spray, and it reached 69.95 a week after the second spray in a row, followed by Nanosilica particles 750 and 1000 ppm with a percentage of 53.83 and 55%, respectively, and its efficacy increased to 67 and 69%, a week after the second spray also, respectively. The pesticide chlorantraniliprole and Silica Nano particles 1000ppm reduced the number of the larvae tunnels with a significant difference with the control and the rest of the treatments in all periods of the experiment, and the percentage of decrease was 41 and 32.4% respectively after three weeks of spraying while it was 26.6 and 15.4%  in the treatment  Silica Nano particles 750ppm and the pesticide mixture  chlorantraniliprole with Silica Nano particles (250ppm) respectively at the same period .The results showed that each of the pesticide chlorantraniliprole and Silica Nano particles  1000 ppm was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments in terms of the severity of infection by the hoof on the fruits, and their efficacy  was 76.8 and 63.1%, respectively, and the treatments of Silica Nano particles 750 ppm and (chlorantraniliprole + Silica Nano particles)  reduced the severity of infection on fruits by 50.8 and 53.7% with a significant difference between it and the control after two weeks of the second spray.

Keywords: Nanosilica, chlorantraniliprole, efficacy, tomato moth, infection severity.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Samira A. Khlaywi ⁽¹⁾,  KhloodAbid-AlelahAlkhafaji ^{(1) *}, Mahdi S. Hameed⁽¹⁾, Mohamed Abid al- Rahem Abiallah ⁽¹⁾ and Ahmed Fawzi Abbas ⁽¹⁾

(1). Ministry of Science and Technology. Baghdad, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: KhloodAbid-AlelahAlkhafaji, E-Mail khlooodalkhafaji@yahoo.com)

Received: 29/07/2022         Accepted: 28/10/2022

Abstract: 

Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some local Bacillus thuringiensis isolates which included a local isolate that were B. thuringiensis KS 3 and two imported isolates, (Spanish and Indian No. 13). In addition to the chemical pesticide bifenthrin EC 10) TALSTAR in the control of the melon aphid or cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover on the cucumbers crop and grapes. First experiment was conducted at al-Twiatha/ Baghdad (24/5/ 2018) on a field grown cucumbers and grapes. The results showed that the three isolates of B. thuringiensis  have a good efficiency reducing the average number of live nymphs/ leaf, especially after 6 days of treatment, it reached to 3.75, ‎2.25, ‎and 4.25 nymphs/ leaf, respectively. These results are similar to the results of the pesticide Telastar which achieved a decrease in the population density of live nymphs to 2.5 nymphs/ leaf. It is worth noting that these isolates continue to be effective in the field, especially when it was supported by spraying more than once compared to the gradual decrease in the effectiveness of the chemical pesticide after 9 days of treatment. The results of the experiment showed that Bt bacteria was effective on the grape. Local isolate No. 3 and Spanish led to decrease population density of this pest insect to 23.4 and 32.4 nymphs /2 cm² respectively after 6 days of treatment, while this rate decreased Indian isolate to 71.2 nymphs / 2 cm² as compared to control treatment (143.8 nymphs / 2 cm²).

Key words: Biological Control, crystal protein, cotton Aphids، Aphis gossypii ، Bacillus thuringiensis

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hala Al-Ajourya ^(1)*, Imad Ismail ⁽²⁾, and Fahd Sahyouni ⁽³⁾

(1). Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(3).Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Hala Al-Ajoury: E-mail:  hlaalajouria1986@gmail.com)

Received:  22/09/2021                      Accepted:10/05/2022

Abstract: 

A study was conducted at Al-Muturkiah village in Lattakia Governorate during the 2019/2020 growing season in the autumnal season and the experiment was repeated in the spring season to investigate the effect of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection on the area leaf, relative water content (RWC%) and productivity of four pepper hybrids (Taline F1, Amani F1, Harek F1 and Marvilo F1) at three periods post viral inoculation (15, 30 and 45 days). The experiment was carried out by using complete randomized block design with 8 treatments and 4 replicates per treatment. The results showed that the viral infection affected the area leaf, Relative water content and productivity on 15 days after virus inoculation. The highest effect of the viral infection was on 30 days after virus inoculation, where the values of area leaf, Relative water content (RWC%) and productivity of the infected pepper hybrids significantly decreased compared to control plants. However, 45 days after virus inoculation, the effect of the viral infection decreased with plant age.                                                                                        

 Keywords: Pepper, Cucumber mosaic virus, Area leaf, Relative water content, productivity, Syria.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jaafar Ahmad ^{(1) *} and Bushra AL Essa ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Jaafar Ahmad: E-mail:  jaafar.ahmad993@gmail.com)

Received:  15/05/2022                      Accepted:26/05/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was conducted using 180 fertilized eggs to study the effect of egg weight on the productive performance of quail chicks, as the eggs were distributed in three weight treatments : the first treatment T₁ws contained small eggs <10 g, the second treatment T₂wm contained eggs of an average weight of 10-12 g, the third treatment T₃wb contained large eggs >12 g. The eggs were incubated in perfect conditions for 16 days. The results of the study found that there was a significant effect of egg weight in the productive performance of birds. Low-weight eggs resulted birds whose amount of feed was lower and significantly than the rest of the groups studied (423.5g), treatment T₂wm (495.6 g) and the value of  FCR was high (2.19). The results showed a significant difference in the age of females reaching the peak of egg production between the three treatments. Treatments (t₂wm, T₃wb) reached to peak of egg production in the thirteenth week, while T₁ws treatment reached in the fourteenth week.

Key Words: Coturnix japonica, Productivity Performance, Sexual Maturity, Egg Production.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Aiham Eid ^(1)* and Izdihar Ammar ⁽¹⁾

(1). Marine Biology Department, High Institute of Marine Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(٭Corresponding author: Aiham Eid, E-mail: Ayham.uncod@outlook. com)

Received: 25/03/2022                Accepted: 22/05/2022

Abstract: 

The 64 sampled Scyllarides latus were collected from the Syrian marine waters in the Ibn Hani area at a depth ranging between 40-90 m at a rate of once a month during the period from January to December 2019 using lined nets and cages. The weight of the samples and the total length of the body were measured, and carapace length-width. where females constituted 44% and males 56% of the total number of sample members. During the breeding season it ranged between (681 – 868 microns) and the diameter was 868 microns the greatest diameter of eggs during the breeding season, and it was found that there are strong correlations between height and weight.

Key words: Scyllarides latus, Absolute Fecundity, Egg Diameter, linear correlation.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Allaa AL-Haj ^(1)*and Abed Alqadir Hussain ⁽¹⁾

(1). Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(٭Corresponding author : Dr. Allaa AL-Haj, E-mail: Allaapcr7@gmail.com.)

Received: 10/12/2022                Accepted: 9/05/2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted in Animal House Research Center at University of Aleppo on a flock of Inbred local quail 180 birds during year 2021. In order to study the effect of adding Roselle (hibiscus) to drinking water at specific rates (2-1%) on indicators of egg production and quality in color groups (creamy , striped, and Black) from local quails bred by the inbreeding method (third generation F3). The results of the study showed a significant improvement in the parameters of egg production (egg weight EW, number of eggs EN, egg mass EM), and internal egg quality (shape index, yolk index, Haugh units).  when adding hibiscus at 2% to the water of local black and striped quails and cream, and it was found that adding hibiscus by 2% to drinking water recorded the lowest average weekly feed consumption amounted to 176.42 g/bird/week, and the best feed conversion factor was (2.74) g fodder to produce 1 g eggs during the production period

Key words: local quail, inbreeding, Roselle (hibiscus), Egg Production, internal egg quality, Third Generation F3.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Esraa  Ahmad^*(1), Ali Ramadan⁽¹⁾, Louai Aslan⁽²⁾ and Nadia AL- khateeb⁽³⁾

(1).Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2).Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(3).Lattakia Center for Rearing Natural Enemies, Department of Biological Control, Directorate of Agriculture, Lattakia, Syria.

(٭Corresponding author : Esraa  Ahmad, E.mail  esraaahmad21@gmail.com )

Received: 10/12/2022                Accepted: 9/05/2022

Abstract: 

Field surveys were conducted in the fields planted with cabbage plants and the pine forests in Lattakia, Jableh and Tartous governorates during the successive years 2019 – 2020 and 2021. Where collected larvae in different instars and pupae of Pieris Brassicae L and Pieris rapae L, different  instars larvae with nests of Thaumetopoea pityocampa, and Lymantria dispar L larvae.  in addition to collect   Vanessa cardui L and Ucnogyna loewii  larvae from herbaceous plants scattered on both sides of fields in the identified sites. Samples were preserved and examined at the laboratory Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University. The results showed the presence of the parasitoid Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824) on the Th. pityocampa, and L. dispar L, P. Brassicae , V. cardui L and  U.loewii  larvae, This research is the first record of the parasitoid on these hosts. as it was found on the pieris rapae L larvae.

Key words: Tachina flies, Parasitism, Lepidoptera, Syria, Syrian coast.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jenan Othman⁽¹⁾, Mohammad Imad Khrieba⁽²⁾ and Shorouq Ahmad Barbahan⁽¹⁾

(1). Horticulture Department,Faculty Of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2).General Authority For Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author : Dr.Jenan  Othma , E-mail : jenan.othman@gmail.com)

Received: 4/04/2022                  Accepted: 10/05/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in the gardens nursery of Tishreen university in the spring of the agricultural season (2020), within net plastic bags, and used in the research, sandy clay virgin soil ,to study the effect of double inoculation with two biofertilizers Arbuscular Mygorayza Fungi(AMF) andTrichoderma harzianum (T.h),on the growth and productivity of the potato crop (Spunta variety),the randomized complete block design (RCBD) was adopted to implement the research, the research included studying the effect of double inoculation with the biofertilizers (AMF),(T.h)with or without adding the recommended mineral fertilizers for potato plants with percentages of (25%,50%) and comparing it with the control without mineral fertilization and treatment of farms which the recommended amount of fertilizer was added per unit area for one plant (6.5g/plant potassium sulfate 50% ,8.5g/plant triple super phosphate 46% ,5.85 g/plant ammonium sulfate 33%),in three replications, the results showed that thedouble insemination treatment with biofertilizers, in (AMF+T.h) with the addition of 50% of the recommended amount of mineral fertilizer,it was significanty superior to all treatments for the studied traits compared with the control,it also achieved double insemination treatment with biofertilizers (AMF+T.h) only a significant increase in the area of the leaf surface, the number of leaves, the height of plants, the size of large tuber,and the standard production,as for the average tuber weight and plant productivity,the increase was not significant  compared to the control,thus the effective role of double inoculation with biofertilizers (AMF+T.h) is evident in reducing the amount of mineral fertilizers(50%)while increasing productivity

KeyWords: Potato, Bio-enriched (AMF), Bio-enriched (T.h), the growth, productivity

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Rodin Issa ^(1)*, Muhammad Kardoush ⁽¹⁾ , Walid Mansour⁽²⁾  and Yahya Kamary ⁽³⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Dept of Renewable natural resources and Environment, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo,

(3). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria.

(* Corresponding Author: Rodin Issa , E-mail: rodin.issa9881@gmail.com)

            Received: 12/ 11 /2021                       Accepted: 22/05 /2022

Abstract: 

The research was conducted at the Agricultural Scientific Researches Center in Aleppo during 2020 growing season, to study the effect of water and salt stress in laurel implants in their first phase of age. Two levels of deficit irrigation were applied at 50 and 30% of the field capacity and three levels of salt concentrations 6, 8, 10 ds /m in addition to control treatment (100% of field capacity, 1 ds /m) were applied separately in two experiments, with randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results were taken after two months of applying the treatments, by measuring the longitudinal growth rate of the implants, the number of formed leaves and the leaf area. The results showed that the implants tolerate water stress up to 50% of the water amount which added at field capacity and salt concentrations (6, 8, 10 ds / m), as the longitudinal growth in them reached after two months (2.06, 2.23, 1.93, 1.8 cm) respectively, the number of leaves (3.66, 3, 1,1) respectively, and ​​the leaf area (10.85, 11.59, 10.79, 10.59 cm²), respectively. The laurel implants did not tolerate water stress with 30% of the water amount which added at field capacity, as longitudinal growth stopped completely in the second month, no new leaves were formed in it with most of the old leaves withering, and the leaf area of the non-wilted leaves was 6.51 cm². The control treatment significantly outperformed all treatments two months after the experiment start, with a growth strength of 3.48 cm, leaves number of 3.66 sheets, and leaf area of ​​12.62 cm².

Keywords: water stress, salt stress, laurel implant, Laurus nobilis.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Saadi M. Al-Ghrairi^*(1), Amer A. Jawad⁽¹⁾,  Hasan H. Mahdi⁽¹⁾, Raghad S. Mouhamad⁽¹⁾, Ghassan S. Al-Azawi⁽¹⁾ and Sahar. A Khudhier⁽¹⁾

(1). Soil & Water Resources Center, Directorate of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.

(* Corresponding Author: Dr. Saadi Al-Ghrairi, E-mail: sadialgreary@yahoo.com)

Received: 27/ 02 /2022                        Accepted: 27/04 /2022

Abstract: 

In this study a field experiment was carried out during the two growing seasons (2013-2014 and 2014-2015) at Al-Tuwaitha Research Station, it is located 30 km southeast of Baghdad, for cultivation of wheat crop in calcareous clay loam soil, and its salinity (10.12 dS.m^-1). Four levels of foliar fertilization were used with calcium at (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mgL^-1) named F0, F1, F2 and F3 respectively. Saline water (5.40 dSm^-1) was used to irrigate plants. The results showed a significant increase of K/Na, Ca/Na, and Mg/Na ratio in the wheat leaves as well as the total carbohydrate and proline levels. Also, calcium application significantly affects the dry matter and grain yield of wheat crop, and the increase in the dry matter ranged between 5.18 to 12.20 %, and in grain yield between 12.86 to 26.20 % compared to the control F0. Ca treatment of 3000 mg/L(F3) was significantly superior to other treatments in grain yield of wheat compared without calcium foliar application(F0).This clearly showed the positive and effective role of calcium in osmotic adjustment and increased wheat tolerance to salinity and improve its yield.

Key words: Calcium, proline,  wheat, salt-affected soil.

Full paper in English: pdf