Fadi Abbas^{* (1)} , Hiba Shams Al-Deen ⁽¹⁾   Thamer Al-Henish ⁽²⁾   Manal Othman ⁽²⁾ and Entessar Al-Jbawi ⁽³⁾

(1). Homs Agricultural Research Centre, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural   Research (GCSAR), Homs, Syria.

(2). Crops Research Administration, (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3). Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian reform, Damascus, Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Dr. Fadi Abbas, E-Mail: fadiab77@gmail.com)

Received: 26/06/2023                  Accepted: 9/09/2023

Abstract: 

A field experiment was conducted at Homs Agricultural Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, during 2021 season, to study the effect of plant density on five quinoa varieties leaves and stems fresh and dry weight, leaf area, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate in the middle region of Syria. The experiment was laid out according to randomized completely block design (RCBD) in split plot arrangement with three replicates. Experimental factors included five introduced varieties (Giza-1, Titicaca, Red Carina, Q26 and NSL) and six plant densities (50×20, 50×15, 50×10, 25×20, 25×15 and 25×10 cm). The results of statistical analysis showed significant differences (P≤0.05) among studied varieties, plant densities and interaction between varieties and plant densities for all investigated traits. 100.000 plant/ha (50×20 cm) was the most suitable plant density for all investigated traits compared with higher densities, followed by 133.333 plant/ha (50×15 cm). Giza-1 and Q26 varieties were the best for all agronomical traits so it recommended to be grown in Homs region.

Key words: Growth, Dry matter, Plant density, Quinoa.

Full paper in English: pdf

Hiba Albadee^(1)*

(1). Directorate of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform in Aleppo, Department of Plant Production, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Hiba Albadee. E-Mail: hibaalbadee@gmail.com).

Received:30/ 09/ 2023      Accepted:15 / 09/ 2023

Abstract: 

In this study, Genetic parameters for total milk traits were estimated, which Heritability, repeatability coefficient, Genetic and phenotypic correlations. Besides, the effect of some non-genetic factors such as age of ewe, weight of ewe at lambing, type of birth, calving month and sex of lamb were evaluated on different milk traits (milk production, fat %, protein %, non-fat solids % and density) of Awassi sheep.  For this purpose, 100 ewes of local Awassi sheep were used, in Minyan, west of Aleppo, during the period (2019-2021). Data were gathered according to the different levels of the main environmental variables that were thought to affect milk production and composition in the Awassi sheep conditions. The data were statistically analyzed using (SAS, 2012). Genetic parameters for milk traits were estimated by the REML (restricted maximum likelihood estimation). The Average values were about (113.14 kg) for milk production, (7.20 %) for fat, (6.35 %) for protein, (11.89 %) for non-fat solids and (1.036 g/ cm³) for density. In general, these values are largely within the natural range suggested by several researchers for Awassi sheep. The results of statistical analysis showed that age of ewe, type of birth and calving month had a significant effect on milk production and composition (P<0.01; P<0.05), while weight of ewe at lambing and sex of lamb had a significant effect only on milk composition (P<0.01), but they did not have a significant effect on milk production (P>0.05). Heritability and repeatability estimated for milk production were (0.26 and 0.40), fat % (0.10 and 0.21), protein % (0.31 and 0.38), non-fat solids % (0.11 and 0.34) and density (0.09 and 0.16), respectively. On the whole, Heritability and repeatability estimated in this study fall within the range of the results already published on Awassi sheep for the usual total traits (milk production, fat % and protein %), with the estimates for fat % being low. Our results, however, tend to be lower than others for certain foreign breeds raised under different management conditions. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between milk production and qualitative traits were clearly negative. For milk composition, both genetic and phenotypic correlations were positive and oscillated from (0.13 to 0.55) and (0.15 to 0.55), respectively. The highest estimates of the genetic and phenotypic correlations were found between fat % and protein % (0.55). This result is of great importance for the selection programs of Awassi sheep, as the genetic estimates of the percentage of fat were much lower than those recorded in other milk sheep breeds.

Key words: Heritability, repeatability Genetic and phenotypic, Awassi sheep.  

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ahed Alhelue* ⁽¹⁾, Allaa Abed Alrazak AL-Haj⁽¹⁾ and Mohamed Alkhlaf⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo.

(*Corresponding author: Ahed Alhelue. E-Mail: ahedalhelue27@gmail.com).

Received:5/ 09/ 2023       Accepted:15 / 09/ 2023

Abstract: 

This study was conducted in a private fishery at the Sheikh Saeed area – Aleppo province -Syria on carp fish, to improve some productive traits and estimating their genetic indicators, through flock selected previously for the best productive characteristics. In this experiment (50 fish) were used. Productivity measurements were taken for some meat production traits (live body weight, total length, body depth, head length) from the age of marketing (6-7 months) until the age of sexual maturity (1.5-1 years). The results indicated that the estimates of the heritability for some productive traits were (0.50, 0.43, 0.37, 0.27 ) for (total length, total weight, body depth, and head length respectively), while the estimates of the genetic correlation between the live  body weight trait with both total length and body depth were positive and relatively high, while the genetic correlation coefficients between the most of the productive traits were negative and  relatively low, while the estimates of the phenotypic correlation between total length and (live weight, body depth, head length) were positive and  relatively high.

Keywords: common carp, selection, genetic parameters, phenotypic correlation.

Full paper in English: pdf

Ali Mohammad Hasan ^(1)*, Boushra Issa ⁽¹⁾, and Ali  Nisafi ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ali Hassan. E-Mail: alihassan@gmail.com).

Received: 6/07/2023                Accepted: 30/10/2023

Abstract: 

The research aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing sawdust with tobacco bagasse in the broiler pens’ floor mats on the broilers’ productive performance. In the experiment, 450 Ross chicks were randomly distributed at the age of one day within three different treatments according to the type of litter used: T1_TOb tobacco bagasse, T2saw sawdust. , T3_Mix (50% sawdust + 50% tobacco bagasse) with /150/ sauces per treatment, and each treatment included three replicates with /50/ sauces per treatment. The results showed the positive role of tobacco dregs in improving the nutritional activity of chicks, as the treatment T1_Tob recorded a significant increase in feed consumption (4480.2) grams compared to the two treatments T2_Saw (4279.7) grams and T3_Mix (4382.3) grams, and the treatment T1Tob recorded a significant increase in the feed conversion factor T1_Tob (1.72), followed by the T3_Mix treatment (1.59), then the T2_saw treatment (1.50), and the treatment T1_Tob gave the best results for the productive index of birds of all treatments (331.01) at the age of 35-28 and (374.92) at the age of 42-35, and the treatment T1_Tob recorded a significant decrease in the percentage of Mortality was 2%), followed by treatment T3_Mix (3.33%), then treatment T2_Saw (4%).

Key words: tobacco dregs, sawdust, broiler, meat chicken.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Dalal  Al-Dali ^{* (1)}, Walid  Al-Rahmoun ⁽¹⁾, Mansour Ahmed ⁽²⁾, Muhannad Muna ⁽³⁾, and Ghinwa  Khaddour ⁽³⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Administration of Livestock Research, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Lattakia Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dalal Hussam Al-Dali, E-Mail: dalalhdali@gmail.com).

Received: 16/09/2023                Accepted: 23/10/2023

Abstract: 

The study aimed to determine the effect of adding cumin seed powder to broiler diets in different proportions on the productive traits of broilers, This study was conducted in the poultry unit at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia for the period from 17/4/2022 to 24/5/2022 (38 days). In this study, 120 unsexed chicks of one day old of Ross 308 strain, were used. The chicks were randomly distributed among four treatments. three replicates (10 birds per replicate). The treatments were divided into: The first treatment, the control (T1), Which were fed without any additives, the second treatment (T2) Which was fed with the addition of cumin seed powder at a rate of 0.5%, the third treatment (T3) Which was fed with the addition of cumin seed powder at a rate of 1%, and the fourth treatment (T4) Which was fed with the addition of cumin seed powder at a rate of 1.5%. The results indicated a significant increase (P<0.05) in both average live body weight and weight gain, as well as an improvement in the feed conversion factor. As for the average amount of feed consumed, no significant differences were recorded. The results of this study concluded that it is possible to use cumin seed powder as a feed additive because of its positive effect on the productive indicators of broilers.

Key words: Cumin seeds, broiler chickens, Weight gain, feed conversion factor.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

  Ali Ali ^(1)*  and Maria Alia⁽¹⁾ 

(1). Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Maria Alia, E-mail. : maria73alia@gmail.com  Mobile:0942066373).

Received: 26/08/2023                 Accepted: 8/10/2023

Abstract: 

The effect of a modified gaseous atmosphere on some physical and chemical indicators of (Al Ghatami) peach fruits was studied during 8 weeks of refrigerated storage. The stored fruits were divided into 3 groups: (control fruits T1, a group of fruits stored in polyethylene bags T2, a third group of fruits stored in a gaseous atmosphere composed of: (92% N2, 3% O₂, 5% CO₂), at a temperature of (3) ^¡C and relative humidity of (90-95)%. The search was conducted in the laboratories of the faculty of Agriculture ingineering- Department of food sciences, Tishreen university, in (2022-203). The results showed that treatment T3 was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments, it maintained the highest value of firmness (2.3) kg/cm², and the highest value of vitamin C (9.3) mg/100 fresh weight, it also maintained the lowest percentage of weight loss (36) %, while treatment T2 maintained the highest value of TSS (15) %.

Key words: Peach fruits, modified atmosphere gaseous, storage period, polyethylene bags.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hanan Almhemid*⁽¹⁾, Faraj Naoum⁽¹⁾, Abdulghani Alkhaldi⁽²⁾, and Ahmad Aljomaa⁽²⁾

(1). Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Univ. of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Cotton Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Hanan almhemid  . E-Mail:hananalmhemid@gmail.com).

Received:11/07/2023                   Accepted:30/07/2023

Abstract: 

subsurface drip irrigation usage is considered of great importance, especially in dry and semi-dry regions that suffer from water scarcity and lack of water resources, as is the case in most cotton-growing areas in Syrian Arab Republic. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the effect of the subsurface drip irrigation system on some productivity indicators and the efficiency of irrigation water use for cotton crop Aleppo 118 variety with different depths of irrigation pipes. The research was carried out during the 2022 agricultural season at Tal Hadya Cotton Research Station (Aleppo Governorate) affiliated to the Cotton Research Department – General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research . By using two types of tubes (PT1, PT2) and at three different depths (15, 25, 35) cm, the experiment was designed according to the split-plot design. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance for the yield characteristic showed that there were significant differences. That is high between the two irrigation pipes used, as the average yield of cotton for the first type (PT1) was 3002 kg/ha and for the second type (PT2) 5537 kg / ha. The results also showed that there were very high significant differences in the yield between the different pipe depths, where as treatment D2 excelled 25 cm depth of irrigation pipe) was significantly affected by the two treatments D1 (15 cm depth of irrigation pipe) and D3 (35 cm depth of irrigation pipe) by (49.8 and 29.8%), respectively. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in the efficiency of irrigation water use, in which that irrigation water use efficiency for the first type (PT1) was about 0.459 kg/m3 and for the second type (PT2) about 0.852 kg/m3. It can be concluded that the second pipe with the second depth (PT2 D2) was the highest in the yield per hectare of granulated cotton and the water use efficiency.

Keywords: Subsurface drip irrigation, Cotton, Yield, IWUE.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Naji Zaid ⁽¹⁾*, Adnan Ali Saeed Al-Asbahi⁽²⁾ and Amin abdu Al-hakimi⁽³⁾

(1). Plant Breeder at Northern Highlands Research Station, Al-Errah, Sana’a, Yemen.

(2). Biology department, Faculty of Sciences, Sana’a university, Yemen.

^(3). Agronomy department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana’a university, Yemen.

(*Corresponding author: Naji Zaid, E.mail:n.zied2014@gmail.com,   Tel: +967-770541187 ).

Received:11/05/2024                   Accepted:27/11/2024

Abstract: 

Afield experiment was carried out at El-Erra regional Research Station during Tow growing seasons (2020 and 2021), it aimed at Identifying and studying the genetic diversity of Yemeni fenugreek genotypes. The experiment consisted of 63 fenugreek genotypes using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on morphological yield and yield components were recorded and analyzed.  Our research results indicated that Different among genotypes were highly significant for most of the characters, implying a wide range of variability has been obtained for the traits studied. The 63 fenugreek genotypes material were grouped in to six clusters based on ward^‘s method. It was asserted that geographic diversity should not necessarily be used as an index of genetic diversity and parental selection but should be based on systematic study of genetic diversity in a specific population. The variability for improvement traits in fenugreek have genetic base, making selections for improvement levels of these traits possibility. Fenugreek plays a major role to progress towards the exploitation of crop to overcome micronutrient deficiency in human beings. The associated issues to strengthen crop bio fortification through fenugreek research and development have been dealt in this piece of research work.

Key words:  Genetic diversity, evaluation, Genotypes, Fenugreek.

Full paper in English: pdf

Jihan  Al-Abdullah^{* (1)} and Mageda  Mofleh^{( 2)}

(1). Suwayda Research Center, General Commission for Scientific and Agricultural Research, Syria

(2). Plant Protection Research Department, General Commission for Scientific and Agricultural  Research, Damascus, Syria

(*Corresponding author Jihan M. Al-Abdullah.E.MAIL:  Jihan_na@hotmail.com)

Received:8/07/2024                   Accepted:4/11/2024

Abstract: 

The effect of some ground and foliar fertilizer treatments with nitrogen, potassium, and calcium compound were studied on the two species of mites Panonychus ulmi Koch Tetranychus urticae Koch on the Golden delicious and Starking delicious apple varieties in the Dhahr al-Jabal area in As_Suwayda Governorate, between 2019-2021, the results showed that the use of ground fertilizer treatments did not have a significant impact on the population of mites that affect apples, except for the treatment of potash sulfate on the Golden variety, where the population of P. ulmi eggs increased significantly from the rest of the treatments. Foliar treatment with potash fertilizers affected differently the two species of mites, it reduced the population of T. urticae, increased the population of P. ulmi, and the addition of calcium compounds foliar led to an increase in the population of T. urticae. The effect of nitrogen fertilizers had a different effect between the varieties.   The relationship between mites and plant nutrition is complex and varies depending on the species of mites and plant variety, and needs more detailed studies.

Keywords: apples, mites. Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Fertilizer Treatments.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hasan Alassaf^(1)*_, Khaled Almohammad⁽¹⁾ and Abdullah Alyousef⁽²⁾

(1). Dept. of Crop, Faculty of Agriculture engineering, University of Aleppo,Syria.

(2). Aleppo Research Center,General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria.

Received:23/07/2024                         Accepted:4/11/2024

Abstract: 

The research was conducted at Homimah during tow cropping seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. in order to estimate hybrid vigor and heritability for 18 hybrid groups of faba beans obtained by hybridization method line × tester. In the first season parents (baladi mohasan, hama2, haha3) as female and (G8, G9, G23, G24, G36, G69) as male were planted and at flowering stage lines x testers cross were done and Eighteen Hybrids group were obtained. In the second season Hybrid groups and their parents were planted in Randomized complete block design with tow replications Analysis of variance, Hybrid vigor and heritability for plant Hight, bod length, flowing days, maturity days were assessed. Analysis of variance showed genotypic variance was less than environment variance for plant height and bod length whereas more than environmental variance and heritability for flowering days and maturity days. Hybrid groups (Hama3 x G8), (Hama3 x G23), (Hama2 x G69) and (baladi mohasan x G69) have had high negative significant of mid parent hetero vigor for flowring days numbers and maturity days numbers (-2,,-2) , (-1,-2), (-1,-2), (-2,-2) as all in positive direction , whereas hybrid group (Hama x G69) have had significant best parent hetero vigor (1) for flowering days and (-46) for pod length and they negative directions.                                                                           

Keywords: Faba bean, lines x testers, Heterosis, heritability.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf