Author Archives: sjaruser

Length-Weight Relationships, Condition Factor and Sex Ratio of Tristramella simonis (Gunther) in the Basin of Nahr AlKabeer Alshamali

Fadia Dib(1)* Adib Saad(2) and Abdellatif Ali (3)


(1). Department of animal production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

(2). Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

(3).General commission for Fisheries, Jable, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Fadia Di. E-Mail: fadiadib6@gmail.com).

Received: 26/03/2020 Accepted: 21/06/2020


Abstract

This research carried out on /263/ individuals of the Tristramella simonis fish caught from Nahr Al-kabeer Alshamali from July 2017 to June 2018, using gill nets. Total length and weight of each specimen were recorded with accuracy of 0.1 cm and 0.01 g, respectively. The total length of specimens ranged between (9.5-16.5cm) and weights between (19.5- 112.27g). Correlation relationships were calculated between several variables, where the correlation of the total length with weight of females was: W = 0.1079L2.4092 and for males W = 0.1078L2.4087, These results show an allometric non-standard growth of this fish species. The growth state of the analysed specimens was evaluated by Relative Condition Factor (RCF%), where changes in its value in males that the food savings in the muscles do not have a direct role in the maturation of gonads, while the case in females refers to that it consumes food stocks to direct the body’s energy to produce gametes. giving 128 females (59.3%) and 88 males (40.7%, making ratio 1F/0.7M; 40 individuals remained undetermined gender Morphometric measurements gave.

Keyword: Tristramella simonis, Cichlidae, Al-kabeerAlshamali River, condition factor, Sex ratio .

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The Effect of Morphological Characteristics of Shami Cow Breast on Milk Production in Syria

Eyad alkhaled(1), Samouil Moussa(2) and Khaled Najjar(1)

(1) livestock Research Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research/ GCSAR, Damascus, Syria

(2) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eyad alkhaled. E-Mail: eyadalkhaled1968@yahoo.com)

Received: 17/01/2019 Accepted: 23/02/2020

Abstract

34 Shami cows were used in Deir Al-Hajar Research Station to breed Shami cows to analyze the data of the udder dimensions during the year 2019 to know the effect of the morphological specifications of the udder in the milk production of the Shami cows in Syria and to estimate the phenotypic relationships between the udder dimensions with each other and with the total milk production. The results showed that there was a significant effect (0.05≥p, 0.001≥p) of the arrangement of the mother’s lactating cow season in milk production with the development of the production stage and total milk production, where the average total milk production was 1264.71 ± 87.19 kg and 10.90 ± 0.40 kg / day and 7. 90 ± 0.90 kg / day and 4.04 ± 0.70 kg / day according to the development of the productive stage, and the results showed a significant effect (P <0.01) of the arrangement of the mother’s cow season in the characteristics of the length, width, depth, circumference and size of the udder for the ewe and with the development of the productive stage where Multi-season cows (more than one season) through the fourth year outperformed the first season’s cows, the highest of which was the fourth season’s cows, and in terms of measuring height On the ground, the first season cows outperformed the multi-season cows. The results also showed a significant effect (P <0.01) of the cow season’s ranking in total milk production, the highest of which was the fourth season’s cows (1352 ± 26.53 kg), and the lowest of the first and second season cows reached (1197 ± 22.72, 1163 ± 26.53 kg) respectively. The results indicated that there was a correlation relationship (P <0.01) between the characteristics of the udder measurements of the length, width and circumference of the udder before and after milking and the mean lengths, widths and circumferences of the udder, with the total amount of milk, as it reached (r = 0.50, r = 0.26, r = 0.41), (r = = 0.20, r = 0.30, r = 0.25), (r = 0.21, r = 0.30, r = 0.25) respectively, and the results showed a correlation relationship (P <0.01) between the length of the udder and measurements of width, depth, circumference, and size of the udder before and after preparing Milking and average these measurements with each other.

Keyword: Shami cows, Udder dimensions, Total and daily milk intake, Syria

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Effect of Foliar Application with Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Boron on Physical and Chemical Fruits Traits of Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck (Washington navel)

Raed Jafar* (1) , Fahed Sahuni (2), Ali Deeb (1)

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria. (2). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Raed Jafar. E-Mail: Raed.jafar91@gmail.com)

Received:28/9/2020 Accepted:25/10/2020

Abstract

This study was conducted during 2019 on orange trees navel variety located in Al_Shir village in Lattakia, in aim of studying the effect of growth regulator naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at (10, 20 PPM) concentrations and boron element(borax) at concentrations (0.05, 0.1%) singly and mixed, on physical and chemical fruits properties, The experiment was designed according to a complete randomized design with 7 treatments and 5 replicates for each treatment, The results showed that All applied treatments resulted in improve the fruits’ quality by improving some physical characteristics such as skin thickness (6.16 mm at 0.05% boron) and fruit shape, in addition to improving the juice content chemically as increasing soluble solids percentage (12.37% at 20 PPM NAA) and vitamin C (48.624 mg / 100 mL juice at 20 PPM of NAA), in addition, to increase in the ripeness factor value(14.502 at concentration of 10 PPM from NAA).

Keywords : Washington navel, Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Boron, Physical And Chemical Properties.

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Effect of Some Treatments on Break Seed Dormancy of Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Cultivar Al-Barni

Ziad Jalal Al-Hussin(1) Mohammad Morshed Akkad Al-Dhaher(2) AlHasan Ali Al-Humedi(3)

(1): Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Furat University, Deir-Ezzor, Syria.

(2): Biotechnology Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.


(3): Post graduate student, Horticulture Department, Agricultural Engineering Faculty, AlFurat University, Deir-Ezzor, Syria. (Corresponding author: Dr. Mohammad Morshed Al-Dhaher, E. mail: sygyptarc@gmail.com)


This practical experiment achieved in a nursery at Al-Hasaka city during 2018 and 2019 in order to study the effect of soaking date plam (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds with three different priming treatments, for break seed dormancy and speed its germination. The trial was made up of 1200 Al-Barni cultivar seeds. Seeds divided into three treatments, soaking in sulfuric acid (30 min.), soaking in boiling water (1 min.), and soaking in gibberellic acid solution (1000 ppm for 24 h), while control seeds were soaked with normal water for 24 h. Experiment laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment replicated three times (100 seeds for each replicate). Germination rates were measured weekly (%), meanwhile, growth indicators of shoot system and root system (seedling height and weight) were measured at the end of trial. Results showed that higher germination rate of 78.33 % observed in the sulfur treated seeds then boiled water and control (72.67 %), while least germination rate recorded with gibberellin treatment (70 %). No significant difference observed between the last three treatments (P>0.05). The best germination speed noticed with sulfur acid soaked seeds, but the worst one detected with gibberellin soaked seeds (11.06 – 12.54 week/seed respectively). On the other hand, the highest germination homogeneous recognized when Al-Barni cultivar seeds treated with sulfur acid, while the control had the lowest (2.61 – 2.2 seed/day respectively). The results indicated an optimum vegetative and radical growth in date palms occurred when seeds soaked with gibberellin (49.33 cm for seedling height – 46 cm for seedling root length), whereas higher alive weight of each shoot and root system recorded

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Performance, Combining Ability and Gene Action in Single Hybrids of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Thuraya.Nwiji(1)

(1). Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Furat University, Syria (Corresponding author: Thuraya.Nwiji. E-Mail : dr.thuraya.nwiji@gmail.com

Received: 17/01/2019 Accepted: 23/02/2020

abstract

This study was conducted to assess performance, combining ability, heterosis and gene action for 15 single crosses of maize (Zea mays L.) and 8 parents (5 lines and 3 testers) in line x tester analysis at Raqqa governorate in two locations; Raqqa Research Center (RRC) and Ali Baglih Research Station (ABRS), Syria, in 2013. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits, also, between parents for all traits. Most of the parents were early flowering except IL.175-10. Two hybrids IL.179-09×IL.356-10 and IL.19-09×IL.356-10 were recorded the best earliness at two sites. Results of mean grain yield performance showed that crosses IL.179-09×IL.356-10, IL.175-10×IL.356-10 and IL.179-09×IL.1-10 were the best at RRC location with means of 10000, 9790 and 9704 kg/ ha, respectively; while at ABRS location, the crosses IL.175-10×IL.356-10, IL.179-09×IL.356-10 and IL.5-09×IL.1-10 were the best with mean grain yields of 8804, 8381 and 8365 kg/ha, respectively. Combining ability analysis showed that additive gene effects were found to be important for inheritance of ear diameter and grain yield while that traits days to 50% silking and ear height were controlled by non-additive gene effects. The lines IL.175-10 and IL.179-09 , and tester IL.356-10 showed the best general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield, earliness and other traits at two sites. The lines IL.5-09 and IL.179-09 and, the testers IL.356-10 and IL.1-10 showed the best GCA for short ear height, while the lines IL.175-10, IL.27-10 and IL.1909 and, the tester L.134-10 showed positive GCA effects for ear height. Assessment of significant positive SCA effects and heterosis for grain yield revealed that crosses IL.179-09×IL.356-10 and IL.175-10×IL.356-10. The cross IL.356-10×IL.179-09 showed the best association between performance, SCA effects and heterosis for the grain yield and earliness, could be used in different environments in Raqqa governorate. Results of potency ratio indicated that inheritance of grain yield was controlled by over dominance, while inheritance of other traits was controlled by partial, complete and over dominance in some crosses.

Keyword: Performance, Combining Ability, Gene Action, Heterosis , Maize

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Effect of Some Treatments on Break Seed Dormancy of Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Cultivar Al-Barni

Effect of Some Treatments on Break Seed Dormancy of Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Cultivar Al-Barni

Ziad Jalal Al-Hussin(1)    Mohammad Morshed Akkad Al-Dhaher*(2)    Al-Hasan Ali Al-Humedi(3)

(1): Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Furat University, Deir-Ezzor, Syria.

(2): Biotechnology Department, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3): Post graduate student, Horticulture Department, Agricultural Engineering Faculty, Al-Furat University, Deir-Ezzor, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohammad Morshed Al-Dhaher, E. mail: sygyptarc@gmail.com).

Received: 04/02/2020                               Accepted: 23/03/2019

Abstract

This practical experiment achieved in a nursery at Al-Hasaka city during 2018 and 2019 in order to study the effect of soaking date plam (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds with three different priming treatments, for break seed dormancy and speed its germination. The trial was made up of 1200 Al-Barni cultivar seeds. Seeds divided into three treatments, soaking in sulfuric acid (30 min.), soaking in boiling water (1 min.), and soaking in gibberellic acid solution (1000 ppm for 24 h), while control seeds were soaked with normal water for 24 h. Experiment laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment replicated three times (100 seeds for each replicate). Germination rates were measured weekly (%), meanwhile, growth indicators of shoot system and root system (seedling height and weight) were measured at the end of trial. Results showed that higher germination rate of 78.33 % observed in the sulfur treated seeds then boiled water and control (72.67 %), while least germination rate recorded with gibberellin treatment (70 %). No significant difference observed between the last three treatments (P>0.05). The best germination speed noticed with sulfur acid soaked seeds, but the worst one detected with gibberellin soaked seeds (11.06 – 12.54 week/seed respectively). On the other hand, the highest germination homogeneous recognized when Al-Barni cultivar seeds treated with sulfur acid, while the control had the lowest (2.61 – 2.2 seed/day respectively). The results indicated an optimum vegetative and radical growth in date palms occurred when seeds soaked with gibberellin (49.33 cm for seedling height – 46 cm for seedling root length), whereas higher alive weight of each shoot and root system recorded with gibberellic acid (at 1000 ppm ) or sulfur treatment, the least weight noticed with control seedlings. Briefly, the treatment of seeds of Al-Barni date palm cultivar with sulfur acid (30 min.) enhanced germination indicators, but soaking seeds with gibberellin solution (1000 ppm for 24 h) increased seedling growth and development indicators leading to growth homogenous between vegetative and radical systems.

Keyword: Seed dormancy, Priming, Germination, Gibberellin, Boiling water,
Date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Evaluation some Selection Criteria in Chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.) Mutants Using Correlation Coefficient

Abeer Jubilee*(1)  Boulos Khoury(2)  and Mazen Rajab(2)

(1). Researcher assistant,, Gcsar, Lattakia, Syria.

(2) Professor, Crops Dep, Agric.Fac, Tishreen Univ, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Abeer jubilee. E-Mail:abeerjubily.e@gmail.com).  

Received: 15/07/2020                                Accepted: 08/08/2019

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluating the correlation relationship between seed yield and its some related characters  for mutants resulting from the treated chickpea seeds variety Gab 5, which treated by Different doses of gamma ray (15- 20 and 25) KR.

The seeds planted during the season 2017/2018 in lines without an experimental design at the Agricutural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia, to obtain mutants which may compose a base of new varieties in increasing and improving chickpea production activity in future. The results showed in the first mutant generation that seed yield per plant had the highest positive and significant correlation with number of  pods per plant (r = 0.984 ) at the dose 20 KR and (r = 0.982) at the dose of 15 KR and (r = 0.977) at the dose of 25 KR, while the second strongest correlation for seed weight was with the number of seeds per the plant (r = 0.984), (r = 0.978), and (r = 0.966) at doses 20 KR, 25 KR and 15 KR, respectively. Whereas, the third strongest correlation for the seed weight was with the plant height (r = 0.668), (r = 0.650) and (r = 0.545) at doses 25 KR, 20 KR and 15 KR, respectively. Therefore, these traits could be included as selection criteria for Improvement seed yield in chickpea.

Keyword: Chickpea, Seeds yield, Gamma ray, Induced mutants, Correlation
                   coefficient, Regression.

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The Effect of Mineral Fertilization and Foliar Spray by Licorice Extract on the Morphological and Biochemical characteristics of Spinach Spinacia oleracea L.

Safaa Fahed Najla* (1), Ramzi Fahed Murshid

(1)- Horticulture Science Department – Faculty of Agriculture- Damascus University

(*Corrsponding author: Safaa Najla. E-Mail: safaanajla@gmail.com).

Received: 28/01/2020                                Accepted: 23/02/2019

Abstract

The study was carried out during 2017 season in Abu Jarash farm in Damascus city, in order to compare the effect of 3 nitrogen fertilizer concentrations M (100, 75 and 50% of the recommended dose) and 3 concentrations of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract T (5, 10 and 15 g/l) in addition to the interaction treatments, on morphological (leaf number, plant leaf area, stem length and diameter…etc) and biochemical characteristics (chlorophyll a and b, total oxalate, vitamin C and N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents) of spinach. The experiment was designed according to complete random blocks, and it consisted of 10 treatments (M100, M75T5, M75T10, M75T15, M50T5, M50T10, M50T15, T5, T10 and T15). Each treatment includes 5 repetitions. The results showed a significant effect for M50T15 with leaf number (17.86 leaf/ plant), for M50T10 and M50T15 with leaf area, and for M50T15, M75T15 and M50T10 with stem diameter. M100 treatment increased significantly the total oxalate (370.45 mg/ 100g fw) and N content (38.12 g/ kg dw), while T5, T10 and T15 increased significantly vitamin C (38.99, 40.12 and 39.96 mg/100g fw). The nitrogen fertilization reduced significantly P content as compared to the foliar spray extract treatments. No significant differences were observed for K content while Ca and Mg contents increased as nitrogen fertilization was decreased. In conclusion, using the half dose of nitrogen fertilization beside the foliar spray by 10 gL of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, could achieved an optimal result for spinach.

Keyword: Spinach, Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, Nitrogen fertilization, Morphological characteristics, Biochemical characteristics.

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Study the Response of Tree Rings width of Brutia Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) to Climate in Tartous Governorate

Heba Salhab*(1) , Laeila Abboud (1), and Wael Ali (1)    

(1). Department of Forestry and Ecology , Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tishreen, Lattakia,Syria

(*Corrsponding author: Heba Salhab. E-Mail: heba.salhab@yahoo.com).

Received: 16/09/2020                                Accepted: 15/10/2020

Abstract

Tree rings are considered as records that preserve the climatic conditions of the year they are formed in. Therefore, they are used to study climate fluctuations from year to another. In order to study the annual growth rings and their response to the climate, samples were taken from three sites in Tartous Governorate with different altitudes above sea level, viz. Amrit, Ain Affan and Nabi Matta Protected Area. Ten dominant trees were selected in each site. Using increment drill two perpendicular samples were taken from each tree at 130 cm height. The samples were treated, and well cross-dated, then the rings width was measured to the nearest 0.01 mm. The tree rings time series were standardized to obtain a final series at each site. Response functions method was used to test the relationship between climate and tree ring-width. Results showed that wide rings were formed in years when precipitation amount was more than average, especially during the winter months, May, June, October and November, and the temperature was lower than its averages, especially in the summer, as in the years 1991-1992, 2001-2002. Contrary conditions encourage the formation of a narrow rings, as seen in years 2006-2007, 2009-2010. The results of response test showed a variation in the effect of climatic elements on tree rings width in brutia pine, according to each site, where relatively precipitation had the greater role is in the lower altitude, while the role of temperature is clearly visible in the higher altitude.

Keyword: Pinus brutia, Tree Rings, Dendroclimatology.

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Effect of Nitrogen Source on Vitamin B12 Production from Whey Cheese Using Propionibacterium freudenreichii

Amena Jarjanazii* (1) , Sharef Sadik (2)  and Yaser Alomar (1)

(1). College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hama, Hama, Syria.

(2).College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Amena Jarjanazii. E-Mail: Aameenaa1982@gmail.com).

Received: 09/09/2020                                Accepted: 28/10/2020

Abstract

This study was conducted at the laboratories of the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hama in 2019 with the aim of producing vitamin B12 using the Propionibacterium freudenreichii bacterial strain locally isolated from cheese whey fortified with yeast extract WBM under anaerobic fermentation conditions at a temperature of 30 °C for a period of four days. Also, The effect of nitrogen addition to the fermentation medium on the production of vitamin B12 when using locally isolated P. freudenreichii bacteria was studied, where four nitrogen sources (casein – peptone – yeast extract – sodium nitrite) were used. Fermentation was performed in conical flasks (Arlene) with a 500 ml tampon in an anaerobic incubator. Six replicates were performed for each experiment. The HPLC was also used to estimate the amount of vitamin B12 resulting from the fermentation process. The results of the study obtained proved that the best source of nitrogen was yeast extract P≤0.05 as the average total productivity of vitamin B12 when using locally isolated bacterial strains of P. freudenreichii was µg / 100 ml 635.59, as well. Best fresh cell weight was achieved when using yeast extract as a source of nitrogen as 0.285 g / 100 ml.

Keyword: B12,Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Cheese whey, Fermentation.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF