Mustafa Jawad Al-Fayyadh ^(1)*

(1). Agriculture College, Sumer University, Dhi- Qar, Iraq

(*Corresponding author: Mustafa Al-Fayyadh mustafaalfayyedh@gmail.com).

Received:13/08/2021             Accepted:7/03/2022

Abstract: 

A survey of Phytomyza horticola host plants was conducted in fields of Dhi-Qar province from four stations, during the period from January 2019 to January  2021, the infected leave were collected from different plants and the larvae were reared under the conditions of laboratory, the adults were identified according to their taxonomic keys. In current study eleventh families and fourteenth species were recorded as a host plant of Phytomyza horticola in Dhi-Qar province.

Keywords:   Phytomyza horticola, Dhi-Qar, leaf miner, Iraq.

Full paper in English: pdf

Mazen Bufaur ^(1)*, Rami Bohamdan⁽¹⁾, Waed Ghanem⁽¹⁾ and Mohammad Al-allan⁽²⁾

(1).  Al-SweidaResearch Center , Al-Sweida, Syria.

(2).  Scientific Agricultural Research commission, Syria.

(^*Corresponding author: Dr. Mazen Bufaur, Email: mazenaudy@yahoo.com.)

Received:20/08/2021                  Accepted:13/02/2022

Abstract: 

A field experiment was executed to compare the efficacy of some insecticides Supplied with summer oil on females of Dactylopius opuntiae (Dactylopiidae; Hemiptera) which was recently recorded in Syria. Acetamiprid 20%, Chlorine-perphos ethyl 48%, Dimethoate 40%,  Delta-permethrin100q/l and summer oil were used as a foliar spray and control, The results were showed that the efficacy of Acetamiprid, Chlorine-perphos ethyland Dimethoate treatments were the best after one and two weeks of spraying with significant different Deltamethrin and summer oil treatments.The efficacy of Chlorpyrifos was reduced with Significant different with Acetamiprid and Dimethoate treatments in the third week after treatment. Using summer oil only has made a recorded efficacy on females during of three weeks after treatment.

Key words: Dactylopius opuntiae, Acetamiprid, Chlorine-perphos ethyl, Dimethoate, Delta-permethrin, and Summer oil.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Nabil Abo Kaf ⁽¹⁾ Ghadah Zeini^*(2)  Mazen Al- Body⁽²⁾ and Majeda Mofleh⁽³⁾

(1). Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(2). Agriculture Research Center in Lattakia, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3). (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(^*Corresponding author: Ghadah Zeini. E-Mail: ghadahasanzeini@tishreen.edu.sy).

Received: 4/10/2021                             Accepted: 7/03/2022

Abstract: 

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann is among the most important pests of cultivated fruits. Utilization of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) is one emerging option for controlling this pest since the larvae come out from the fruit for pupation in the soil at depth of few centimeters .The present study aimed to estimate the efficiency of local isolate, H. bacteriophora GA1(MK474645.1) against the third instar larvae (L3) and pupae of medfly at ten different concentrations of (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000) Infective Juveniles (IJs)/ mL and 500, 1000, 2000 (IJs)/ mL under laboratory conditions. Controls were treated with 1 mL of distilled water. The bioassays were organized in petri dishes with five replications. The results showed that the third-instar C. capitata larvae were susceptible to the tested local isolate. The overall mortality ranged from 16.66 to 69.77%. Mortality of the third-instar larvae of C. capitata proportionally increased with increased nematode concentration. The highest larvae mortality rates (69.77) and (65.33) %. were obtained at concentrations D₁₀ and D₉ respectively, and no significant differences between these two treatments. The highest mortality rates of pupae were (51.61) and (39.72)% at dosage of 2000 (IJs)/ mL. Young pupae (1-3 day old) were more susceptible to the nematode than older pupae (4-8 day old).

Keywords: Biological control, Ceratitis capitata, efficiency, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Lattakia, Syria.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Omran Abugila* ⁽¹⁾ and Fathma Husien ⁽¹⁾

(1). Usversity of Omar Al-Mokthar, Faculty of Agri., Plant Protact.,Dept.Libya.

(*Corresponding author: Omran abugila, Email: omranabugilah@gmail.com).

Received: 16/05/2022         Accepted: 9/10/2022

Abstract: 

The aim of this research to  study  the effect of the insect growth inhibitor with four three different concentration of growth and development   against cabbage  white butterfly (Peris  brassicae) under laboriatory condation  ..The results showed that the effect of  insect growth inhibitor  was observed at the the all tested rate . The highest mortality of the Fourth larval stage was at concentration of 50 ppm, whil the lowest mortality was observed.  at the rate 30 ppm.In treated larvae ,there was an obvious delay in the period of larval and pupal development , in addition to larval and pupae malformation and various deformities in adult stage.

 Keywords: IGR, (Methoprene Flufenoxuron and Nomoult cabbage white butterfly (Peris  brassicae).

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ammar Jassim Al-Khaz’Ali^*(1), and Khudair A. Salman ⁽¹⁾ and Ahmed Sh. Ahmed ⁽¹⁾

(1). Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Ammar Jassim Al-Khaz’Ali. E-Mail: a_ammarjassim@yahoo.co.uk)

Received: 5/09/2021           Accepted: 20/02/2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted to evaluate the influences of various herbicides for weed control in onions, at Abu- Ghraib research station, Iraq. during the winter growing season of 2018/2019. The experiment was applied using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications.  Each replication comprised four herbicides treatment were (Oxyfluorfen (24 g. h^-1), Flumzifop – P- Butyl (120 g. h^-1), Haloxyfop-R-Methylester (108 g. h^-1), and Pendimethalin (660 g. h^-1), In addition to weed free plot and a weedy check. Result showed that Oxyfluorfen had the lowest weed density 1.7 plant. m^-2 at control ratio of 84.5% followed by Pendimethalin 2.0 plant. m^-2 at control ratio of 81.7%, as compared to the weedy check 11.0 plant. m^-2. Similarly, the maximum average weight of onion bulbs 98.55 g, and yield 20347.67 kg. ha^-1 were recorded in the weed free plots followed by Pendimethalin 81.88 g and 18014.33 kg. ha^-1 as compared to weedy check 45.17 g and 7896.00 kg. ha^-1. From this study we conclude that all the herbicides that used have reduced the number of weeds and their dry weights by  depending on the nature of the chemical composition of the herbicide in comparison with control treatment and thus increasing the total onion yield.

Keywords: herbicides, weed free, weed management, onion.

Full paper in English: pdf

Aref Mohammed Ahmed Ali Al-hasani ^(1)*

(1). College of Education Radfan, University of Lahg, Tobn, Yemen.

(*Corresponding author:Aref al hasani, E-mail: aref14902@gmail.com).

Received: 2/08/2022              Accepted: 9/10/2022

Abstract: 

The study was conducted in the Biology Laboratory of the College of Education Radfan – University of Lahj, for the year 2022 AD to evaluate the efficiency of the aqueous extract of C. Papaya leaves and seeds; as a larvicide; For the early fourth lifespan of C. pipiens mosquitoes at concentrations (0.75, 0.5, 0.25, 0.0 and 1%) for exposure periods (4, 12, 8 and 24 hours). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The results indicated that the seed sample was significantly superior to its leaves in death rates %, reaching 53.13% and 43.25%, respectively, at a probability level of 5%, and the concentrations used caused a significant increase in death rates % compared to the control treatment (0%), and that the concentration (1%) had The apparent effect, their percentages reached % for the two samples (97.50, 87.50%), respectively, at the highest exposure time, and % death rates increase with increasing exposure time. The highest percentage of seeds was 67.00 and 57.75% for leaves for 24 hours. The calculated LC50 values ​​for papaya seed and leaf extract were 0.303 and 0.469 % at the time of 24 hours.

Keyword: Aqueous extracts, Carica. Papaya plant, larva, early fourth instar, Culex. pipiens mosquitoes.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Nagham Allan*^(1), Emad Koubaily⁽¹⁾ and Wael Ali⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Forestry and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Nagham Allan, E-mail: naghamallan5@gmail.com.)

Received: 7/12/2021              Accepted: 22/02/2022

Abstract: 

This research was carried out in Al Rastin -Al Bahloulyia site – Lattakia for the year 2020-2021 to  evaluate growth and prouductivity of Pinus brutia Ten.& Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn.(mixed plantation) at age of 40 years. 15 circular  plots were taken, the area of each plot was 400 m². The following parameters were taken for each plot: trees number, diameter at breast height, crown width trees and 37 trees height (16 trees of Pinus brutia Ten. and 21 trees of Eucalyptus camaldulensis ). Form factor, wood stock, mean annual increment and basal area were estimated. Power equations was used to estimate total  biomass. The results showed that the mean of form factor of Pinus brutia Ten. was 0.49 and 0.48 for Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. and the  mean wood stock value reached to (122.81, 87.93) m³/ha for pinus brutia Ten.& Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. respectively with tree density (296,223) trees/ha. The mean annual increment was 3.07 m³/ha/yr for Pinus brutia Ten. and 2.19 m³/ha/yr for Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. The mean biomass of Pinus brutia Ten.& Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. was (99.03,78.98)ton/ha. The results of this study can help foresters to evaluate growth and prouductivity of mixed forests similar to the study area to improve and benefit from this productivity to invest it in the future.

Key words: mixed forest, biomass, wood stock, Pinus brutia, Eucalyptus camaldulensis.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Kamel Khalil ⁽¹⁾*, Ali Thabeet ⁽²⁾ and Diana Hamad ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Environmental prevention, Higher Institute for Environmental Researches, Tishreen University, Lattika, Syria.

(2). Department of Renewable Natural Resources and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Kamel Khalil. E-mail: kamelkhalil@tishreen.edu.sy)

Received: 9/10/2021              Accepted: 23/02/2022

Abstract: 

The aim of this research is to estimate the values of some heavy metal elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb) accumulated in the annual tree rings of Pinus brutia Ten. Using Dendrochemistry techniques. Two sites were selected in Baniyas area (Al-Daraykiyah and Mehwarati) and control site in a forest near Baluran Dam (Lattakia). Five trees were selected from each site, and one core was taken from each tree in 2018. The cores were subjected to Cross-dating process, and were divided into /3/ Periods: the first one is from the year of planting trees in 1972 until the start of operation of the Banias refinery in 1982. The second one is from the start of operation in 1983 until the beginning of the crisis in Syria in 2010. The third period is the crisis period (2011-2018). By /3/ replications for each period. The concentrations of heavy metals were estimated by the atomic absorption device at the Higher Institute for Environmental Research (Tishreen University/Lattakia).The results showed that the element accumulation trend as a general average was as follows: In Al-Daraykiyah site: [Zn (17.74) > Cu (10.02) > Mn (8.43) > Ni (3.58) > Pb (0.34) ]. In Mehwarati site: [Zn (20.15) > Cu (8.56) > Mn (8.26) > Ni (3.32) > Pb (0.34)]. The values of elements (Zn, Cu, Ni) were within the normal limits for their presence in the plant, and the values of  (Mn, Pb) were lower. The results also showed an increase in the accumulation of elements in the third period, and it was generally higher in Mehwarati site for (Zn, Ni, and Pb), while the concentrations of (Cu, Mn) were higher in Al-Daraykiyah site. The results also recorded the values of the enrichment factor <1 in the third period for (Zn, Mn, Ni, Pb) in Mehwarti and Al-Daraykiyah sites, while the value of the enrichment factor (EF) was >1 only for Cu in Mehwarti site. The heavy metal elements were associated with each other with significant correlations, except for Cu which was not associated with any other element. It is concluded from this study the possibility of using tree rings in the biological monitoring of pollutants during very long periods of time, and herein lies the importance of Dendrochemistry.

Keywords: Pinus brutia, Dendrochemistry, Tree rings, Heavy metals, Baniyas, Syria.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Wafaa Ghandour * ⁽¹⁾ and Lina Rayya ⁽²⁾

(1). Department of botany, Faculty of sciences, Tishreen university, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Agricultural Research Center , Latakia , Syria.

(*Corresponding author:Lina Rayya, E-Mail:, Ali.m.lina.75@gmail.com).

Received:2/11/2021            Accepted:6/03/2022

Abstract: 

This study was carried out  in Tishreen University, Scientific Agricultural Research Center in Lattakia during /2019-2020/ on Laurus nobilis spreed in three sites of various altitude representing the Mediterranean vegetation in the Syrian, Lattakia,which are(Kassab,Goubet Borgal,Abo Makah). Different  measurements were used on /13/ features of plant , starting from leaf till seed ,in ordre to study the effect of the Mediterranean vegetation on the morphological characteristics of samples taken from  these sites. The results showed variability at the level (5%)  superiority the Kassab site, in addition to superiority the tree (k1 )which followed Kassab of length of the leaf (8.03), length of fruit(1.49),and length of stone(1.26). It was dissimilarity of all other types.in the same  site and the different  sites.  This research shows that there is an effect of Mediterranean vegetation on morphological characteristics of Laurus nobilis.

Keywords:Laurus nobilis, Mediterranean vegetation ,Morphological.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Alaa Soubh ^{* (1)} and , Suleiman Mohammad ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tartous University, Tartou, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Alaa Soubh , Email: Alaa.sobh1984@yahoo.com).

Received:21/05/2021          Accepted:13/02/2022

Abstract: 

In this research, the performance of steel slag (SS) as an activator of persulfate (PS) for the removal of the Methylene blue (MB). This research has been done in graduate faculty of environment, university of Tehran, during the year 2018.The experiments were conducted in a batch reactor. The SS was obtained from the Esfahan Steel Company. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis were used to investigate the characteristics of the SS. The effects of SS dosage (0-5 g L^-1), PS concentration ratio (1-5 mmol L^-1), and reaction time (0-180 min) on the removal of MB was studied. The results showed that the Maximum removal efficiencies at optimize operational conditions (SS concentration 4 g L^-1, PS concentration: 4 mmol L^-1 and reaction time: 45 min) was 84.76%. The addition of SS (4 g L^-1) to PS led to about a  7-times increase in removal rate constants of MB. The results confirmed the performance of (SS) as a (PS) activator for the  removal of MB from aqueous solution.

Keywords: Steel slag (SS), Persulfate (PS), Methylene blue (MB), Removal.

Full paper in English: pdf