Abdulghani Alkhaldi^(1)* and Monier Alnabhan⁽²⁾

(1). Cotton Research Administration, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Center Hama for Agriculture scientific Research, GCSAR, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Abdulghani Alkhaldi. E-Mail abdulgh64@gmail.com)

Received: 19/10/2022              Accepted:1/05/2022

Abstract: 

Cotton crop is (Gossypium hirsutum L.) one of the most important strategic crops in Syria, because of its multiple uses, and the large size of the population is working in it directly or indirectly. The aim is evaluation of cotton variety Aleppo 124 (Which was approved in the year 2017) with Aleppo 33/1 variety under different fertilizer levels (F1 = +15% N from the fertilizer recommendation, F2 = the fertilizer recommendation, and F3 = -15% kg N/ha from the fertilizer recommendation) and two irrigation levels (I1 = 100% of the field capacity and I2 = 85% of the field capacity). Field experiment was carried out at Hama center for agriculture scientific research – General commission for agriculture scientific research 2018, heavy clay soil, three replications .It was designed according to split-split design. The results wear analyzed by Genstat 12 program.  Results of variance analysis (ANOVA) at significant level 5%, There are significant differences in nitrogen fertilization treatments, Cotton productivity increased 16% in the first treatment compared with the second treatment, and the productivity decreased 8% for the third treatment when compared to the second treatment. There were also no significant differences in productivity between the two irrigation treatments, the crop Productivity increased about 6.7%, for full irrigation (a virtual increase). The walnuts opening rate on 13 September for the Aleppo 124 variety was twice as much as that for Aleppo 33/1.  The first fertilization treatment chlorophyll exceeded the second treatment by about 16% and the third treatment by about 37%, and the second fertilization treatment over the third 18% .

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum L., Cotton, nitrogen fertilization, Aleppo 33/1 variety, Aleppo 124 variety, chlorophyll, water requirements.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Wael Habib ^*(1)

(1). Senior Researcher, Agricultural Research Centre in Lattakia, GCSAR, Syria.

(^*Corresponding Author: Dr. Wael Habib, E-Mail: wael.ha76@gmail.com).

Received: 23/11/2021         Accepted:18/04/2022

Abstract: 

This research aimed to analyze the nutritional gap of wheat in Syria in order to determine the characteristics of this gap and the trends of its development, and the extent to which it is affected by the Syrian crisis, that leads to the development of the appropriate predictive model. This study based on the time series data of the commodity balance and the food gap of wheat during the period (1961-2019), and ARIMA models were used to formulate the optimal prediction model compared to the traditional models.The results showed that there was an apparent gap in wheat self-sufficiency during the period of the Syrian crisis, which amounted to about 21%. The value of this gap during the study period was characterized by a great volatility, as the coefficient of variation increased to 367.5%, and most of the studied years witnessed a negative value of the gap (food deficit) amounting to a maximum of (-505.5) thousand dollars in 2013, while this gap decreased by achieving Positive values (food surplus) in some years with a maximum of (206.5) thousand dollars in 2007. As for the prediction process, it was found that there was no general statistically clear trend for the time series of the wheat gap in Syria using traditional models such as the method of Ordinary Least Squares, while the ARIMA (3,1,1) model was statically effective. This model gives expectations for a continued increase in the value of the wheat gap in Syria during the period (2020-2025), and indicates the need to take urgent measures by focusing on local wheat production, especially by increasing investments and reclaiming more agricultural land.

Keywords: Food Gap, wheat in Syria, Self-Sufficiency, Box-Jenkins Models, Time Series.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Shoukrea Khalaf ^*(1), Qusae Alomar ⁽²⁾,  Jalaa Qenber ⁽³⁾ and Waal Hoiedy ⁽⁴⁾

(1). Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Alfourat University, Al Hasakeh, Syria

(2). Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Alfurat University, Der Zour, Syria

(*Corresponding author^: Shoukrea Khalaf, Email:Shoukreakhalaf@gmail.com).

Received: 14/03/2022                    Accepted: 3/04/2023

Abstract: 

This research aims to highlights on rural women this category represent 50 % of population which we cannot invest in if  efforts have not been made to activate her rules and prepare the basic foundations for that , to allow them  reach human resources in general and agriculture resource in special , That need study of social factors which effect empowerment of rural women, Study of prevailing style used in governorate  for that  we prepare assessment tools to achieve  the study goals , the information collected randomly with 98 HH sample size, The data have been analyzed by SPSS -19 ,using description inductive methods  the result of this research shows : There is a positive relationship morale with significant of 0.01 between Husband education rural women empowerment, society participation, and the different range rules between Family members. The research concluded package of recommendation and   suggestion, the most important of which are:

– shedding light on the inherited customs and traditions that limit women’s enrollment in secondary schools and higher education. Creating appropriate conditions for women to join service-committees in the surrounding community.                                   

Key word:Empowering rural women Inferential, social Probability level, participation, Al Hasakah.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Qusay Hamid Al-Hamadany^*(1), Abd Alkareem Yesser ⁽¹⁾, Amir Abbas Mohamed⁽¹⁾ and Kadhim Hassan Younis ⁽¹⁾

(1).Dep.of Marine vertebrates, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Qusay Al-Hamadany E-Mail:qusayhamid@yahoo.com).

Received: 18/11/2022                    Accepted: 11/01/2023

Abstract: 

To determine the effects of feeding rate on the growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus, we conducted a 60-day experiment. We designed four feeding rates (1%, 3%, 5% and 7% bw/day). In this experiment, fish were distributed in 12 plastic tanks of 16 L capacity and average weight (1.16 ± 14.30) g, and fish were fed a diet containing 30.50% protein. The codes (T1, T2, T3, and T4) were given for feeding rates (1%, 3%, 5% and 7%), respectively. The results of the current study showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in the final weight, weight gain, specific and daily growth rate at different feeding levels, where the final weight rates were 19.71, 32.01, 29.71, 29.12 grams in feeding levels 1%, 3%, 5 %, 7% of body weight, respectively, and it was observed that the best growth rate was in the T2 treatment with a feeding rate of 3% and it was 16.23 grams, and the best food conversion rate was 2.16 and that was in the T2 treatment. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in feed conversion rates among the four feeding levels.

Key words: feeding rates, tilapia fish, plastic ponds, growth, food conversion.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Salih Hassan Al-Azzawi ⁽¹⁾and Abdulmuttaleb Hazim khaleel⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production،College of agriculture، University Diyala،،Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Abdulmuttaleb khaleel E-mail: abdmtaleb85@gmail.com)

Received:15/12/2021                 Accepted:9/05/2022

Abstract: 

The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene is important as it affects the heat endurance of animals through its participation in the protein folding process. The current study was conducted at the ruminant farm of the College of Agriculture at the University of Diyala. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of a single polymorphism in the sequence encoding the heat shock gene HSP70 on some hematological and biochemical characteristics of Iraqi male goats. The DNA sample isolated from 15 male goats was amplified by PCR technique for the coding region on the HSP70 gene. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing was used to detect the DNA sequence in which a site mutation (1528 C/T) was detected. Hematological characteristics (PCV bound cell volume, hemoglobin Hb concentration, RBC count, WBC count, MCV, mean hemoglobin in MCH and the mean amount of hemoglobin in the MCHC group) were also evaluated. and biochemical characteristics alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST). The results showed the presence of three genotypes CC, CT and TT with percentages (0.07, 0.40, 0.53), respectively, and the frequency of alleles C and T (0.27, 0.73 respectively) and in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. The animals were under severe heat stress and an increase in the number of respirations was noted And the afternoon rectal and skin temperature in animals with the genotype CC for the month of July and the number of respirations for the month of August in the afternoon, as it was noted a decrease in the number of red blood cells for the CT group in the afternoon for the month of July and a decrease in the aminotransferase enzyme (AST) for the CC group. The TT genotype was significantly superior to the red blood cell count in the afternoon, and a significant decrease in the aminotransferase enzyme (AST) of the CC group was observed in the morning measurement, but the afternoon measurement was the lowest TT group in this trait. As for the differences within the groups, most of them were significant for the studied traits.

Key words: HSP70, hematological, biochemical, goats

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Alaa Ibrahim^{* (1)}, Najwa Ali⁽¹⁾, Aminah Issa⁽¹⁾, Abeer Habib⁽¹⁾ and Ghadah Ballol⁽¹⁾

(1). Ciano station, Scientific Agricultural Research center of Latakia, GCAR, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Alaa Suhiel Ibrahim, E-Mail: alaasoeb@gmail.com)

Received:12/12/2021                 Accepted:25/04/2022

Abstract: 

  This investigation was carried out as a third phase from 2019 to 2021 in a field at the citrus experimental station in Ciano, the general corps of scientific agricultural researches. The yield of orange trees (Washington Navel 141) budded on seven citrus rootstocks (Sour orange, Troyer citrange, Carrizo citrange, Citrumelo 4475, Citrumelo 1452, Macrophylla and Cleopatra mandarin) and farmed in 1989 have been studied over 3 seasons. The results of studying the average yield for the three seasons showed that the trees grafted on Citrumelo 1452 (143.33 kg/ tree) were significantly superior to those grafted on Macrophylla, Citrumelo 4475 and Carrizo citrange (83.33, 100 and 101.67 kg/ tree respectively). There were no significant differences between the treatments regarding the average fresh weight of the fruit. Otherwise, the trees grafted on Citrumelo 4475 significantly outperformed the other treatments in the average fruit peel thickness (3.99 mm). The biggest TSS % was in trees grafted on Troyer and Carrizo citrange, Citrumelo 4475 (12.25, 12 and 11.92 % respectively) which were significantly superior to those grafted on Sour orang (10.83 %), while the greatest TA % was by Citrumelo 1452 and Sour orange (1.55 and 1.41 % respectively) which significantly outperformed Macrophylla and Cleopatra mandarin (1.11 and 1.26 % respectively). 

Keywords: Orange, Navel, Rootstocks, Citrumelo, Cleopatra, Citrange.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Alaa Ghanem^(1)*, Mohamed Abd Elaziz⁽¹⁾, and Majd Darwish

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University,Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Eng. Alaa Mohammed Ghanem.E-Mail: engalaaghanem@gmail.com).

     Received: 18/12/2021                             Accepted: 19/04/2022

Abstract: 

 The research was conducted during 2019 in Tartous governorate, Beit Sheikh Yunus village.. to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization and Salicylic acid on some of the productive traits (number of flower/plant, fruit weight /plant, weight of 1000 fruit gr, fruit yield Kg/h, harvest index%) of Coriander plant Coriandrum sativum L(.with split plot with three replications. four nitrogen fertilization rates) N1=0 ،N2=60 ،N3=100، N4=140) kg/h   and three Salicylic acid  concentrations (S1=0، S2=20، S3=4) mlg/L were used .  The results showed yhat: the nitrogen fertilization rate (N3)achieved a significant superiority over the two rates(N1, N2) and non- significant superiority over the rate(N4)in all productive characteristics, also spraying with Salicylic acid (S3) gave a significant increase comparable with the other concentrations (S1,S2)in all the studied traits. The interaction between nitrogen fertilization rate (N3)and spraying with Salicylic acid (S3) gave the best values in all studied productive traits as the number of flower/plant reached (27.21) flower, fruit weight /plant (9.08) gr, weight of 1000 fruit (13.32) gr, fruit yield(900.36) Kg/h and harvest index(63.18)%.

Keywords: Nitrogen Fertilization, Salicylic acid, productive characteristics, Coriander.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Abboud Aljasim ^(1)*

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture,  Alfurat University, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Abboud aljasim : E-Mail: abboudaljasim@gmail.com)

Received: 18/01/2022                      Accepted: 13/04/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out during the two growing seasons 2020 – 2021 in deir ezzor governorate. The town of marat, which is located 10 km from deir ez zor city, with the aim of studying the effect of spraying using four concentrations of fulvic acid (0 – 1000 – 2000 – 3000) ppm on Quality and productivity traits, on cowpea plant. The experiment was designed according to a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that spraying the foliage of cowpea plants with fulvic acid at a concentration of 3000 ppm has contributed to obtaining the best specifications for the fruits, as the length of one horn reached (17.7) cm, and the number of pods per plant reached (65.8) pods, and also contributed to obtaining the highest productivity per unit. The area amounted to (3568) kg/d.

Key words: Fulvic Acid, Pods, Cowpea, Productivity, Harvest.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Abdullah H .A. Al-hajj^*(1), Ahmed M. Eed ⁽¹⁾, Ahmed Ali  Rashed⁽¹⁾, Rana Ali Mohammed⁽¹⁾, Howida Jawad Abdalaziz⁽¹⁾ and Mosleh Abdalhamid⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb Governorate, Republic of Yemen.

 (*Corresponding author: Abdullah H .A. Al-hajj, E-mail: Abdullah_1963@yahoo.com)

Received:20/09/2022          Accepted:30/10/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was conducted in the College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, on   25/2/ 2022 , with the aim of studying the effect of spraying with licorice and garlic root extracts on some flowering and productivity indicators of the squash crop. A completely randomized design (R.C.D)was followed As a factorial experiment with three replications and two factors: The first factor is licorice root at three levels of 0, 3, 6 g/L. The second factor is garlic extract at four levels of 0, 2, 4, 6 cm³ / liter and with three sprays for each, the first in the stage of 3-4 true leaves, then repeat the spraying for the second and third time with an interval of two weeks between spraying and the other. A set of traits were studied, namely the number of female flowers, the number of male flowers, the sexual ratio, and percentage of nodes , the number of fruits/plant, the early yield ton/ha, the plant production kg, the total productivity ton/ha). The results showed that spraying with licorice root extract achieved an apparent insignificant increase in all studied indicators at the concentration of 3 g/L. Except for the plant production (kg) and the total productivity ton/ha, the same concentration led to a significant increase. The results also showed that spraying garlic extract at a concentration of 6 cm³ / liter led to a significant increase in all studied indicators. except for the number of male flowers, The same concentration led to a significant decrease. The interaction between spraying with licorice root powder extract and garlic extract had a significant effect on all studied traits compared to the control and the rest of the treatments. Except for the number of male flowers, the same concentration led to a significant decrease male flowers compared to the witness and the rest of the treatments. The research proved the effectiveness of garlic and licorice extracts at a certain concentration in increasing the number of female flowers against a decrease in the number of male flowers per plant, which results in an increase in plant production and thus an increase in the total productivity.

Keywords:  licorice root, garlic, productivity, Cucurbita pepo.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Sozan Alshawa⁽¹⁾ , Riad Zidan⁽¹⁾ and Mohamad Nadaf⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Food science, Faculty of Agriculture Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author. Sozan Alshawa E-Mail: alshawasozan@gmail.com)

Received: 23/01/2022                              Accepted:22/05/2022

Abstract: 

The study was carried out during spring season 2021, in the nursery of the faculty of Agriculture at Tishreen University, in order to study the effect of four concentrations of Triflurallin: 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 ml/L, on the production and inhibition of budding of potato tubers during storage for six months. Results showed the  superiority of the treatment with a concentration 2 ml/L in the total production, the standard production, and the productivity per plant: 5218 kg, 5129 kg/ dunum,1273 g/plant respectively; also there was a significant  decrease in the percentage of buds after 150 days storage with the treated tubers at a concentration of 3ml/l, It also showed a significant superiority in reducing the average number, length and weight of buds sprouted on one tuber; and the lowest natural weight loss was with the treatment concentration 2.5 ml/L after 90-120-150 days of storage. The study showed a decrease in the percentage of dry matter and starch and there were no significant differences between treatments at the end of storage.   

Key words: Potatoes, Storage, Yield, Triflurallin,  Budding.     

Full paper in Arabic: pdf