Catherine Nseir ^(1)* ,Mohamad Housam Bahlawan⁽¹⁾, Ahmad Majar⁽²⁾ and Fadi Abbas⁽²⁾

(1). Dept. of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Catherine Nseir, Email  catynseir@gmail.com)                                                

Received:17/07/2022              Accepted: 3 /10 / 2022

Abstract: 

The problem of the scarcity of water resources is one of the issues of paramount importance in this region, as work is being done to study and test the ability of crop varieties such as lentils to withstand drought conditions during the different stages of growth. The experiment was carried out at the one of May research station, GCSAR  in Damascus Countryside during the growing season 2020-2021 with the aim of evaluating the tolerance of ten varieties of lentil to the water stress applied during the flowering stage in the field, With split plot design. The results of the experiment showed the variation of the studied lentil models in their performance under stress conditions, and it was noted that the G19 genotype achieved the lowest percentage of decline in the number of days until flowering by 1.15%, while the G8 genotype  achieved the highest percentage of decline by 4.28%, and the G15 genotype achieved the lowest percentage of decline in the number of days. Until maturity, at a rate of 5.92%, and the G4 genotype achieved the highest percentage of decline by 16.04%, and in the case of plant height, the G20 genotype achieved the lowest percentage of decline by 2.62%, while the G16 genotype achieved the highest percentage of decline by 43.73% In the case of 100 seeds, the G19 genotype achieved the lowest percentage of decline by 2.25%, and in the case of the number of pods on the plant, the G3 genotypes achieved the lowest percentage of decline of 5.31%, and the genotypes G15 and 11G achieved the highest productivity under stress conditions, which reached 3.88, 2.45 tons / e with a decline rate of 25.37 and 28.58%, respectively, but the G20 genotype achieved the lowest yield decline compared to the control, which did not exceed 8.10%, and therefore it is considered the most tolerant, although its productivity was basically low under the conditions of the witness 1.07 tons / h. Therefore, we suggest introducing the 20G genotype in the breeding programs to improve drought tolerance, as well as in the breeding programs directed to increase yields in order to improve its productivity. We also suggest adopting the genotypes G11 and G15, in areas with low rainfall.

 Keywords: lentils, drought stress, flowering, productivity, developmental and productive traits.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jasim Al-Turky⁽¹⁾, Saleh Al-Moustafa⁽²⁾*and Lenda Al.Hamad Al.Mfreg⁽¹⁾

(1). Field Crop Department, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Al-Furat University, Dier-Ezzor, Syria                                                                                            

(2). General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research, Dier-Ezzor, Syria.  

(*Corresponding author: Saleh Al-Moustafa , Email akdryd34@gmail.com)

Received:1/09/2022              Accepted: 24 /10 / 2022

Abstract: 

The field experiment was conducted at the Research Stations of Salo in Dier-Ezzor Agricultural Research Center, during the seasons of 2020 and 2021 to evaluate effect different of  irrigation intervals and plant densities on some morphological and productivity traits for Sorghum bicolor (Azraa 7), The design of the experiments was Randomized Completely Block Design with the arrangement of split plot design with three replications, irrigation intervals occupied main plots (included irrigation 12, 20 and 28 days) while the plant densities (57000, 71000 and 95000 plant/ha^-1) occupied sub plots. Results showed that full irrigation treatment (12 days) was significantly superior in all studied trait i.e. plant height, leaf area, grain yield/plant, weight of 1000 grain, grain yield, in both seasons. Plant densities had significant effect on all traits, increasing plant densities from 57000 to 95000 plant/ha^-1 by changing in distance within the plants increasing the values of plant height and grain yield while decreasing in leaf area, grain yield/plant and weight of 1000 grain in both seasons. It could be conclude  the dependent on irrigation at 12 days and density 95000 plant/ha^-1 that attained higher value of grain yield.                                                                                                     

Key words: drought stress, plant densities, Sorghum bicolor, grain yield. 

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Ahmed Soufi^{* (1)}, Majd Darwish ⁽¹⁾ and Nizar Moalla⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ahmed Soufi, Lattakia, Syria. E-mail: 7mada.movo9@gmail.com).

Received: 20/07/2022             Accepted: 23/10/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out during the 2021-2022. to study the effect of treatment with the chemical mutagen Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) in improving the tolerance of two tobacco varieties (Burley 21 and Virginia VK51) to drought stress. The seeds were treated using three concentrations of the mutagen (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 %) with a soaking time of (8) hours. In addition, to induce drought stress, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used at concentrations (15, 30 and 45 %) equivalent to an osmotic pressure (-0.7, -1.4 and -2.1) MPa. To chose the selected plants for the next generation. The experiment was conducted according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at the Dimsharko farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering-Tishreen University – Lattakia- Syria. and with three replications per treatment. Some characteristics for treated seeds productivity characteristics (yield of green and dry leaves (kg/acres)) and technological traits (dry leaves thickness (micrometer) and dry leaves material (g/cm²)) were also measured. Treatment with EMS at a low concentration (0.1%) led to an decreased in the dry leaves thickness and dry leaves material and increased yield of green and dry leaves of both tobacco varieties. High concentration of EMS at (0.5 and 1%) caused a increase in the thickness of dry leaves and dry leaves material and decrease yield of green and dry leaves of both tobacco varieties, respectively. The chemical mutagen treatment under drought stress conditions at a low concentration (0.1) %, also improved the values of most of the studied indicators compared to the other treatments. The treatment with PEG, had a negative effects on the dry leaves thickness- dry leaves material and yield of green and dry leaves of both tobacco varieties. Thus, it can be suggested to soak seeds at the concentration (0.1%) EMS for its role in improving on the technological and productive of two tobacco varieties (Berley 21 and Virginia VK51).

Keywords: Ethyl Methane Sulfonate, Burley 21, Virginia VK51, salt stress.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Muhammad Sulieman^*(1) , Mounzer Khaddam⁽¹⁾ and Badih Samra⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen  University, Latakia. Syria.

 (2). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Muhammad Sulieman. E-Mail: Muhammad.suliemann@gmail.com ).

Received: 23/08/2022                  Accepted : 21/09/2022

Abstract: 

 This study was carried out in Ain Shqqaq, and Al-Burjan villages in Jablah, Lattakia governorate, during the spring growing of the year 2021. Tomato (hybrid Domina) were planted in soil culture in a 400 m² greenhouse covered with polyethylene, and the same hybrid was planted in soilless culture in a similar greenhouse, perlite and black pumice were used as planting medium with 40% for perlite, the pruning was on two stems. this research aimed to compare the cultivation of tomatoes in soil and soilless culture, to reveal its preference, through quantitative and qualitative indicators. The results of this study showed that the total fixed costs of cultivation in soilless culture were higher (7967000 SP) compared to the total fixed costs of cultivation in soil culture (5874000 SP). however, the plants grown in soilless culture outperformed by all qualitative and quantitative indicators over plants grown in soil culture, and the productivity of the plant in soilless culture reached to 16 kg/plant, and to 6 kg/plant in soil culture.

Key words: soilless culture – greenhouse – tomato – Economic study.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Abo Al  Alaa  Zarka ^{* (1)} and Nadine Asaad⁽¹⁾

(1) . Agricultural Research center in lattakia,  Sianow Research Station, General commission for scientific Agricultural, (GCSAR). Lattakia, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Abo Alaa  zarka. E- Mail: Dr.alaazarka81@gmail.com)

Received: 23/08/ 2022        Accepted: 15/10/ 2022

Abstract: 

 The research aimed to identify the relationship between decision support systems and the development of the organizational structure in the Ugarit industrial facility (Jableh city, Alqutalabia region) during 2010, the descriptive analytical method was used, and the questionnaire method was adopted to collect data, (115) questionnaires were distributed, and (12) were excluded, for not completing the necessary data by the respondents. Thus, the number of questionnaires analyzed was (103). The research concluded for several results, the most important of them are: There is a statistically significant relationship at the level of significance (α = 0.04) between decision support systems and the development of the organizational structure in the studied facility. There is the relation between components of decision support systems (finance ability, humanity, technicians, arrangement), and the type of decision support systems. The study also concluded a set of recommendations, the most important of them are: to enable the Ugarit industrial facility to convoy with the era of globalization and deal with its technical apparatus that imposed itself on the various sectors of contemporary life, this requires developing the organizational structure and clarifying the importance of the process of restructuring the organizational structure in the establishments that do not have them Direction to develop its organizational structure, and to encourage establishments that plan to start implementing their programs for radical change as soon as possible, and that it is necessary for industrial establishments, when starting work to develop their organizational structure, to develop information technology infrastructure in general, and decision support systems in particular, Enhancing the support and interest of senior management in industrial establishments in decision support systems, increasing senior management’s reliance on decision support systems in making their decisions, diagnosing problems and encouraging workers by providing the necessary cadre to implement the decision support systems process, encouraging workers to use decision support systems, diagnosing problems and overcoming Obstacles to the development of decision support systems.

Keywords: Decision Support Systems,  Organizational Structure, Industrial Companies.  

Full paper in Arabic: pdf                 

Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory^(1)* , Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi⁽²⁾ , Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi⁽¹⁾ Faadhil Rassol Al-Khfaji⁽¹⁾  Israa L. Al-Jaryan⁽¹⁾ , Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali⁽¹⁾, ¹Salman, K.A.A⁽³⁾, Majeed Ajafar⁽¹⁾, Tahreer M Al-Thuwaini⁽¹⁾ ,   Elsagheer, M.A.⁽⁴⁾ and Amirreza Safaei⁽⁵⁾

(1). Department of animal production, agriculture college, Al-Qasim green university- Babylon,  Iraq.

 (2). Department of Environmental, College of Environmental Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.

(3) Department of animal production, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Baghdad university, Iraq

(4).Animal production department, Faculty of agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut- Egypt.

(5).Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.

(*Corresponding author, Dr. Hashim Al-Jebory-  Email address: hashimhadi@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq).

Received:   23/12/2022       Accepted: 10/08/2023

Abstract: 

The rapid changes in the course of the countries of the world have greatly increased the prices of fodder materials. It has become imperative to search for feed alternatives that provide the requirements of poultry in terms of energy, protein, vitamins, and mineral elements. Paulownia or princess tree (scientific name: P. tomentosa) is a genus of plants belonging to the Paulownia family of the Lamiaceae order, It is a tree that has 6 to 17 varieties and is one of the fastest growing and most commercially widespread trees for the production of hardwoods, its fragrant flowers characterize it. The Paulownia is a fast-growing tree, the Paulownia tree can live from 85 to 100 years, and the Paulownia tree becomes abundantly shaded within 16 to 18 months, and reaches a height of 9 meters in three years. Large trees bloom flowers such as lavender and jasmine, and flowers are add to the daily authority of some people. Some civilizations use the leaves to feed animals, and their original home in China, as it contain good levels of energy, protein, potassium, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, and zinc. Paulownia can be very useful in laying hens diets, as these breeds need low amounts of protein. Therefore, the current review aims to shed light on some studies that dealt with the importance of bologna as a feed additive for poultry.

Keywords: paulownia, poultry, nutrition, feed alternatives.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory^(1)* ,  Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi⁽²⁾ , Fadhil Rassol Al-Khfaji⁽¹⁾ , Majeed Ajafar⁽¹⁾ , Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi⁽¹⁾ and Elsagheer, M.A. ⁽³⁾  

(1). Department of animal production, agriculture college, Al-Qasim green university, Babylon, Iraq

(2). Department of Environmental, College of Environmental Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.

(3). Animal production department, Faculty of agriculture. Al-Azhar University. Assiut. Egypt

(* Corresponding author, Dr. Hashim Al-Jebory-  Email address: hashimhadi@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq).

Received:  23/12/2022        Accepted: 10/04/2023

Abstract: 

This study included two consecutive experiments, the first experiment was conducted in the hatchery of Al-Anwar company in Babylon province for the period from 30/7/2017 to 19/8/2017 in order to investigate the effect of injecting hatching eggs to broiler breeder with different levels of nano-silver, and then examining its subsequent effect on traits. The physiology of the hatched chicks subjected to heat stress, as the experimental treatments were the treatment T1 without injection as a negative control, and the treatment T2 was an injection of 0.3 ml of Nacl solution as a positive control, and the treatments T3, T4, T5 and T6 were injections of hatching eggs with 12,14,16, 18 ppm of a nano-silver solution, respectively. The hatched chicks from the above treatments were reared in the poultry farm of the Department of Animal Production at the College of Agriculture / Al-Qasim Green University for the period from 8/19/2017 to 9/22/2017, and were exposed to a periodic temperature. (28-32-28 m ⸰) and the results showed a significant (P≤0.05) superiority of the injection treatment T6, T4 in the number of red blood cells compared with the rest of the treatments and the superiority of the treatment T4 in the number of white blood cells compared with the rest of the treatments at the age of three weeks, while In the fifth week, the two treatments T5 and T6 excelled in the number of red blood cells and Treatment T6 leukocytes compared with the rest of the treatments. It was found that there was a significant superiority (P≤0.05) for treatment T4 in the concentration of cholesterol and ALT enzyme, while treatments T4, T5 excelled in glucose concentration, and treatments T1, T6 had the highest concentration of AST enzyme compared with the rest of the treatments.

Keywords: Broilers, Egg Injection, Heat Stress, Nanosilver.

Full paper in English: pdf

Ammar Thamer^(1)*

(1). Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

 (*Corresponding author:  Ammar Thamer,Email: amar.raeed@uomosul.edu.iq)

Received: 24/01/2023       Accepted: 10/04/2022

Abstract: 

Common carp Cyprinus carpio L. were fed on four balanced treatments in terms of crude protein (25.60%) and metabolic energy (13.28 MJ/kg feed). The first was the control diet, while the second, third, and fourth treatments were added to ginger Zingbar officinale  powder in proportions of 6 and 8 and 10%, respectively. The feeding experiment was carried out in glass aquariums for 56 days, preceded by a 21-day acclimation period to the aquarium environment. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the fish fed on 8% ginger (the third treatment) were significantly superior (P ≤ 0.05) over the control treatment and the fish fed on the second and fourth treatments in the criteria of final weight, weight gain, relative growth rate and specific  growth rate, feed conversion rate, feed efficiency ratio, and protein efficiency ratio PER, as well as in the parameters of retained protein,  protein productive value (PPV) and in the high percentage of crude protein in the edible portion of the body. The results of the current research showed that the addition of ginger had a positive effect on growth parameters and the utilization of food.

 Keywords: common carp, ginger, growth characteristics, feed conversion rate, PER, protein efficiency rate, PPV, protein yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Aola Ali Fand^*(1) Vienna Hammoud⁽²⁾ Adib Zeini⁽³⁾ and Tareq Arraj⁽⁴⁾

(1). Department of  Environmental Prevention, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tartous University, Tartous, Syria.  

(3). Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(4). Department of Environmental Chemistry, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author:  Aola Ali Fand,  Email: aolaalifandi@yahoo.com)

Received: 7/09/2022       Accepted: 2/10/2022

Abstract: 

A study of 249 individuals of  Pterois miles migratory species from the Red Sea to the eastern Mediterranean Sea, which invaded the Syrian coast and spread in it in large amount, established and adapted to the new environment, these fish were caught from the Syrian marine waters during a whole year (2019-2020). The type of toxic complex was determined and it was found that Tetrodotoxin is one of the strongest and most dangerous marine toxins, and it causes severe pain, neural effects and serious symptoms that may lead to death. The percentage of the toxic complex were determined in the muscles and fin spines, and the fat covering the internal organs. It was found that the highest percentage of the toxic complex was in the fat surrounding the internal organs with a rate of 21.88%, then muscles came in second place with 6.31%, and spins took the third and last place with a rate of 3.63%. As for the percentage of the toxic complex according to sex, it was higher in females (13.26% for fat, 3.82% for muscles, 2.74% for spines) than males (12.69% for fat, 3.60% for muscles, 1.28% for spines), in addition to that the percentage of the toxic complex during The wet season (29.34% for fat, 5.95% for muscle, 4.50% for spines) is higher than during the dry season(15.48% for fat, 6.63% for muscle, 2.88% for spines).

Keywords: Lionfish, Pterois miles, percentage of toxic complex, Syrian coast.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Raeda Salah^*(1), Mohamad Hassan⁽¹⁾ and Ali Sultaneh⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University- Lattakia-Syria.

(2) . Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University- Lattakia-Syria.

 (^*Corresponding author: Raeda H. Salah.Email:Selenamah20614@gmail.com)

Received: 4/08/2022           Accepted: 9/12/2022

Abstract: 

Fish are known to bioaccumulate heavy metals and hence when consumed could become a threat to human health. In this study. The accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) In Syrian  Dicentrarchus labrax muscle, from the Syrian marine waters (Eastern Mediterranean) was assessed. Samples were collected from six different areas for two consecutive years, from March 2019 to February 2021. The health risk was assessed using estimated daily intake and target hazard quotient. Heavy metal levels were higher in the site relatively close to industrial pollution sources, tourism and agricultural activities. The concentration of Zn in the muscle was at reasonable levels for human consumption and ranged between 3.123–24.084 µg/g wet weight. Copper was found with an  average ranging between 0.401–0.897 µg/g wet weight. The lead concentration was (0.245-0.619 µg/g wet weight), while Cadmium was the least concentrated (0.0081–0.0178 µg/g wet weight). These results indicated that all heavy metals studied were within the permissible safety levels for human consumption, and within the limits allowed by the World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Dicentrarchus labrax, Syrian coast, Eastern Mediterranean.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf