Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory^(1)* , Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi⁽²⁾ , Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi⁽¹⁾ Faadhil Rassol Al-Khfaji⁽¹⁾  Israa L. Al-Jaryan⁽¹⁾ , Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali⁽¹⁾, ¹Salman, K.A.A⁽³⁾, Majeed Ajafar⁽¹⁾, Tahreer M Al-Thuwaini⁽¹⁾ ,   Elsagheer, M.A.⁽⁴⁾ and Amirreza Safaei⁽⁵⁾

(1). Department of animal production, agriculture college, Al-Qasim green university- Babylon,  Iraq.

 (2). Department of Environmental, College of Environmental Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.

(3) Department of animal production, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Baghdad university, Iraq

(4).Animal production department, Faculty of agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut- Egypt.

(5).Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.

(*Corresponding author, Dr. Hashim Al-Jebory-  Email address: hashimhadi@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq).

Received:   23/12/2022       Accepted: 10/08/2023

Abstract: 

The rapid changes in the course of the countries of the world have greatly increased the prices of fodder materials. It has become imperative to search for feed alternatives that provide the requirements of poultry in terms of energy, protein, vitamins, and mineral elements. Paulownia or princess tree (scientific name: P. tomentosa) is a genus of plants belonging to the Paulownia family of the Lamiaceae order, It is a tree that has 6 to 17 varieties and is one of the fastest growing and most commercially widespread trees for the production of hardwoods, its fragrant flowers characterize it. The Paulownia is a fast-growing tree, the Paulownia tree can live from 85 to 100 years, and the Paulownia tree becomes abundantly shaded within 16 to 18 months, and reaches a height of 9 meters in three years. Large trees bloom flowers such as lavender and jasmine, and flowers are add to the daily authority of some people. Some civilizations use the leaves to feed animals, and their original home in China, as it contain good levels of energy, protein, potassium, manganese, calcium, phosphorus, and zinc. Paulownia can be very useful in laying hens diets, as these breeds need low amounts of protein. Therefore, the current review aims to shed light on some studies that dealt with the importance of bologna as a feed additive for poultry.

Keywords: paulownia, poultry, nutrition, feed alternatives.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory^(1)* ,  Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi⁽²⁾ , Fadhil Rassol Al-Khfaji⁽¹⁾ , Majeed Ajafar⁽¹⁾ , Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi⁽¹⁾ and Elsagheer, M.A. ⁽³⁾  

(1). Department of animal production, agriculture college, Al-Qasim green university, Babylon, Iraq

(2). Department of Environmental, College of Environmental Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.

(3). Animal production department, Faculty of agriculture. Al-Azhar University. Assiut. Egypt

(* Corresponding author, Dr. Hashim Al-Jebory-  Email address: hashimhadi@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq).

Received:  23/12/2022        Accepted: 10/04/2023

Abstract: 

This study included two consecutive experiments, the first experiment was conducted in the hatchery of Al-Anwar company in Babylon province for the period from 30/7/2017 to 19/8/2017 in order to investigate the effect of injecting hatching eggs to broiler breeder with different levels of nano-silver, and then examining its subsequent effect on traits. The physiology of the hatched chicks subjected to heat stress, as the experimental treatments were the treatment T1 without injection as a negative control, and the treatment T2 was an injection of 0.3 ml of Nacl solution as a positive control, and the treatments T3, T4, T5 and T6 were injections of hatching eggs with 12,14,16, 18 ppm of a nano-silver solution, respectively. The hatched chicks from the above treatments were reared in the poultry farm of the Department of Animal Production at the College of Agriculture / Al-Qasim Green University for the period from 8/19/2017 to 9/22/2017, and were exposed to a periodic temperature. (28-32-28 m ⸰) and the results showed a significant (P≤0.05) superiority of the injection treatment T6, T4 in the number of red blood cells compared with the rest of the treatments and the superiority of the treatment T4 in the number of white blood cells compared with the rest of the treatments at the age of three weeks, while In the fifth week, the two treatments T5 and T6 excelled in the number of red blood cells and Treatment T6 leukocytes compared with the rest of the treatments. It was found that there was a significant superiority (P≤0.05) for treatment T4 in the concentration of cholesterol and ALT enzyme, while treatments T4, T5 excelled in glucose concentration, and treatments T1, T6 had the highest concentration of AST enzyme compared with the rest of the treatments.

Keywords: Broilers, Egg Injection, Heat Stress, Nanosilver.

Full paper in English: pdf

Ammar Thamer^(1)*

(1). Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq

 (*Corresponding author:  Ammar Thamer,Email: amar.raeed@uomosul.edu.iq)

Received: 24/01/2023       Accepted: 10/04/2022

Abstract: 

Common carp Cyprinus carpio L. were fed on four balanced treatments in terms of crude protein (25.60%) and metabolic energy (13.28 MJ/kg feed). The first was the control diet, while the second, third, and fourth treatments were added to ginger Zingbar officinale  powder in proportions of 6 and 8 and 10%, respectively. The feeding experiment was carried out in glass aquariums for 56 days, preceded by a 21-day acclimation period to the aquarium environment. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the fish fed on 8% ginger (the third treatment) were significantly superior (P ≤ 0.05) over the control treatment and the fish fed on the second and fourth treatments in the criteria of final weight, weight gain, relative growth rate and specific  growth rate, feed conversion rate, feed efficiency ratio, and protein efficiency ratio PER, as well as in the parameters of retained protein,  protein productive value (PPV) and in the high percentage of crude protein in the edible portion of the body. The results of the current research showed that the addition of ginger had a positive effect on growth parameters and the utilization of food.

 Keywords: common carp, ginger, growth characteristics, feed conversion rate, PER, protein efficiency rate, PPV, protein yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Aola Ali Fand^*(1) Vienna Hammoud⁽²⁾ Adib Zeini⁽³⁾ and Tareq Arraj⁽⁴⁾

(1). Department of  Environmental Prevention, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tartous University, Tartous, Syria.  

(3). Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(4). Department of Environmental Chemistry, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author:  Aola Ali Fand,  Email: aolaalifandi@yahoo.com)

Received: 7/09/2022       Accepted: 2/10/2022

Abstract: 

A study of 249 individuals of  Pterois miles migratory species from the Red Sea to the eastern Mediterranean Sea, which invaded the Syrian coast and spread in it in large amount, established and adapted to the new environment, these fish were caught from the Syrian marine waters during a whole year (2019-2020). The type of toxic complex was determined and it was found that Tetrodotoxin is one of the strongest and most dangerous marine toxins, and it causes severe pain, neural effects and serious symptoms that may lead to death. The percentage of the toxic complex were determined in the muscles and fin spines, and the fat covering the internal organs. It was found that the highest percentage of the toxic complex was in the fat surrounding the internal organs with a rate of 21.88%, then muscles came in second place with 6.31%, and spins took the third and last place with a rate of 3.63%. As for the percentage of the toxic complex according to sex, it was higher in females (13.26% for fat, 3.82% for muscles, 2.74% for spines) than males (12.69% for fat, 3.60% for muscles, 1.28% for spines), in addition to that the percentage of the toxic complex during The wet season (29.34% for fat, 5.95% for muscle, 4.50% for spines) is higher than during the dry season(15.48% for fat, 6.63% for muscle, 2.88% for spines).

Keywords: Lionfish, Pterois miles, percentage of toxic complex, Syrian coast.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Raeda Salah^*(1), Mohamad Hassan⁽¹⁾ and Ali Sultaneh⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University- Lattakia-Syria.

(2) . Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University- Lattakia-Syria.

 (^*Corresponding author: Raeda H. Salah.Email:Selenamah20614@gmail.com)

Received: 4/08/2022           Accepted: 9/12/2022

Abstract: 

Fish are known to bioaccumulate heavy metals and hence when consumed could become a threat to human health. In this study. The accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) In Syrian  Dicentrarchus labrax muscle, from the Syrian marine waters (Eastern Mediterranean) was assessed. Samples were collected from six different areas for two consecutive years, from March 2019 to February 2021. The health risk was assessed using estimated daily intake and target hazard quotient. Heavy metal levels were higher in the site relatively close to industrial pollution sources, tourism and agricultural activities. The concentration of Zn in the muscle was at reasonable levels for human consumption and ranged between 3.123–24.084 µg/g wet weight. Copper was found with an  average ranging between 0.401–0.897 µg/g wet weight. The lead concentration was (0.245-0.619 µg/g wet weight), while Cadmium was the least concentrated (0.0081–0.0178 µg/g wet weight). These results indicated that all heavy metals studied were within the permissible safety levels for human consumption, and within the limits allowed by the World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Dicentrarchus labrax, Syrian coast, Eastern Mediterranean.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Abeer jubily⁽¹⁾ , Boulos Khoury⁽²⁾  and Mazen Rajab⁽¹⁾

(1). Lattakia Research Center, GCSAR,Syria.

(2). Crops Dep, Agric.Fac, Tishreen Univ, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Abeer Jubily. E-Mail: abeerjubily.e@gmail.com).

Received: 31/07/2022         Accepted: 15/10/2022

Abstract: 

Genetic improvement for higher production and better quality considered pivotal to agriculture. Improvement in either single or few economic traits and quality characters can be achieved with the help of induced mutations within the shortest possible time. The study was conducted to study 28 mutants of the chickpea cultivar Gab4 in the third generation M3. Seeds of the M3 generation together with the untreated control were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications at the Agricultural Science Research Center in Lattakia, Syria during winter 2020. Observations were recorded for days to 50% flowering, plant height,number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant. The highest number of high-yield mutant strains resulted from treatment with 15KR of gamma irradiation. The highest seed yield was recorded in the mutant strain 15-16 (49.37 g.plant ^-1). The results indicated that the dose of 20KR of gamma irradiation was the most effective in decreasing seed weight, while the dose of 15KR was the most effective in increasing the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed yield per plant in the mutants. In contrast, the dose 25KR of gamma irradiation was the least effective among all doses.

Keywords: chickpea, high yielding, mutant strains, gamma irradiation.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Sabah A. Al-Badrani  ⁽¹⁾ and Rehab A. H. AL-Baker ⁽²⁾ *

(1). Qbat Al-Saskra School for Girls, General Directorate of Nineveh Education, Iraq.

(2). Dept. of Environmental Sciences/ College of Environmental Sciences and Technologies/University of Mosul, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Rehab A. H. AL-Baker. E-Mail: rehsbio39@uomosul.edu.iq).

Received: 1/02/2022           Accepted: 14/10/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in laboratories of the college science, University of Mosul between (2019-2020). The study aimed to detect the magnetic field (M.F.) activity in initiation and growth of Silybum marianum L. callus cultures from sterilized seedlings segments (roots, leaves, stems and nodes) which had been cultured on solid (MS) medium supplemented with (3.0)mg/L of Benzyl adenine (BA) and (5.0) mg/L of Naphthalene Acetic Acid(NAA). Besides measuring different callus biomarkers, and explaining the role of the (M.F.) in silybin accumulation in callus cultures, based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Technique. The results indicated that the best response was for the roots callus cultures compared with the rest of the cultures used in the research, as the increase in fresh weight of roots callus after expose to magnetic field (M.F.), which reached (4.0) g fresh weight and (96%) viability, (1.85) mg/g protein concentration after 40 days. HPLC results revealed a dramatic increase in accumulation of active compound (silybin) by M.F. for all callus cultures depending on Retention time (R_t) and area under the curve for the standard sample (ST).

Keywords: (HPLC) Technique, Magnetic Field (M.F.), Silybin, Silybum marianum callus.

Full paper in English:  pdf

Soulaf  Al-Jaramany ^(1)* and  Maher Hassan ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Soulaf  Al-Jaramany  E-Mail soulaf.aljaramany@gmail.com).

Received: 22/04/2022                    Accepted:14/10/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in Rankous district of Al-Tal district in Damascus countryside during the year 2020 with the aim of studying the effect of spraying with licorice extract on some indicators of vegetative growth and production of the peach tree. The foliar spray was applied using four concentrations of licorice extract (0, 1.5, 3, and 5 g/L), each treatment included 9 trees 8 years old. The experiment was designed according to randomized complete blocks. The results showed that the treatment of foliar spraying with licorice root extract improved the vegetative growth indicators. The leaf area was superior to the foliar area when spraying with the concentration (5 g/l) (43.00 cm2/leaf) and with significant differences between overall treatments and the control that gave the least leaf area (28.00 cm2/leaf). and this was positively reflected in production and productivity indicators, where this treatment was significantly superior in increasing the percentage of set flowers, average fruit weight, productivity, and fruit diameter (51.00%, 101.00 g, 73.26 kg/tree, 6.34 mm, respectively) overall treatments and the control. 31.00%, 62.00g, 40.00kg/tree, 4.65mm respectively).

Keywords: peach, licorice extract, vegetative growth, production.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Shaza Alhasan ^*(1), Badie Samra  ⁽¹⁾  and Ammar Zayoud ⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Al-Ghab Agricultural Center, GCSAR, Syria.

(*corresponding author: Shaza Alhasan. E-Mail: Shazaalhasan62@yahoo.com)

Received  :5/06/2022                   Accepted ; 9/10/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out at Jeb Ramla research station affiliated to the AL – Ghab Agricultural Scientific Research Center,  Hama governorate during  the spring lug of the 2021 agricultural season . The research aimed to study  the  effect of organic fertilizer  and Olive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) on growth and yield of  Solanum melongena L , its design  the method of randomized complete block was followed with three replicates per treatment and on the average of  18  plants per repeater . The experiment included   five treatments using different types of organic manure ( cows , sheep ) 3 kg /m2  , olive mill wastewater (2 and 3) m3 / dunum and the control .  The results showed that the cultivation of eggplant with the use of organic fertilization with sheep waste  has achieved a significant superiority over the other treatments   in terms of the characteristics of the number of leaves ( 113.62     ) leaves/ plant , leafy surface space (  4114   )  cm2 / plant    , number of fruits  (    44.43    )    fruit/ plant and the yield of plant (  6,153     ) g \ plant  . while  the differences  were  insignificant   between the treatments of sheep waste  and mineral manure ( treatment of farms ) in terms of plant height  , where the sheep treatment recorded the highest values compared to the rest of the treatments (51.21) cm    , followed by the mineral fertilizing treatment (48,26 ) cm , there was also no significant difference  between the treatments of sheep waste and cow manure waste in terms of  leaf area indez ,where the treatments of sheep manure recorded the highest values compared to the rest of   the treatments (1,375) , followed by the treatment of cows manure (1,325) from.  This can be concluded that the use of sheep waste in Solanum melongena cultivation gives better results in the growth and production of Solanum melongena l .

Key words : solanum  melongena , organic fertilizer , Olive Mill Wastewater  vegetative growth indicators , productivity  indicators .

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Soulaf  Al-Jaramany ^(1)* and  Maher Hassan ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Soulaf  Al-Jaramany  E-Mail soulaf.aljaramany@gmail.com).

Received: 22/04/2022                    Accepted:21/09/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in Rankos sub-district of Al-Tal district in Damascus countryside governorate during two years -2020-2021. The trees were sprayed with salicylic acid at the following concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 ppm). Each treatment contained 9 trees of 8 years of age, and the experiment was designed according to randomized complete blocks.Where the research aimed to study the effect of spraying with the growth regulator salicylic acid on some growth and production characteristics of the peach tree and some quality criteria for its fruits. The results of the vegetative growth indicators showed that the foliar spraying process with salicylic acid improved all the studied indicators, so the average length of the shoots increased to reach (73.20 cm) compared to the control (55.00 cm), but the differences were not significant. The results also showed an increase in peach tree production by (16.5, 43.5,57.57%) for spraying treatments (50, 100, 200 ppm) respectively compared to the control (40.00 kg/tree). 5.13 kg/cm² for treatments (50, 100, 200ppm), respectively, compared to the control (4.67 kg/cm²). And the calcium content of fruits increased, as it reached the highest value (1.16%) at the concentration of 100 ppm of salicylic acid compared to the control (0.65)%.The percentage increase in the total soluble solids concentration of the treated fruits was 100 ppm (10.00%) compared to the control (7.20%).

Key words: peach (Prunus persica , Dixy Red), salicylic acid, growth, production, quality.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf