Batool Salameh^{* (1)},Leila Habib ⁽¹⁾,  Areej Adra ⁽²⁾ and Zyad Hatem ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of soil and water sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University- Lattakia-Syria.

(2). Department of Environmental Chemistry, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University. Lattakia. Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Batool Salameh. Email: Batoolzaka@gmail.com)

Received:  23/10/2022               Accepted: 6/12/2022

Abstract: 

In this study, the effect of two slow-release phosphate fertilizers (SRF1, SRF3) on Zea maize growth was studied in comparison with commonly used triple superphosphate (TSP) fertilizer. The slow-release fertilizers were prepared by phosphate loading on a surface-modified nanozoolite by treating with hexa dimethyl triamine-bromide (HDTMA-Br) with two modification rates: 100 and 300% of the external cation exchange capacity ECEC of nanozeolite, they called: SRF1 and SRF3 respectively. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out in Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria during summer of 2022. The experiment included three treatments from different fertilizer sources, the commonly used triple superphosphate fertilizer TSP and the prepared slow-release fertilizer SRF1 and SRF3. Fertilizers were applied at three levels based on their phosphorous content, which are 10, 20, 30 ppm as P . Main achieved results of the study:  a significant increase in plant shoot weight by using slow-release fertilizers SRF1 and SRF3 compared to TSP treatment. The use of slow-release fertilizers led to an increase in phosphorus uptake by the plant, and it was significantly higher than TSP treatment. The slow-release phosphate fertilizers showed a high phosphorus use efficiency, it reached to 53% for the SRF1 treatment and 45% in the SRF3 treatment, while it didn’t exceed 10% in the TSP treatment.

Key words: Nano-fertilizers, Phosphorus, Slow release fertilizers, P-Efficiency, Zea maize.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Bassel Akeel   * ⁽¹⁾ Sawsan Haifa ⁽¹⁾  Haitham Ismail⁽²⁾

(1). Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

 (2). Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:   Bassel Akeel . E-Mail basselakeel16@gmail.com)

Received:  17/11/2022        Accepted: 16/09/2022

Abstract: 

This research was conducted during 2021 in laboratories of Agriculture faculty of Tishreen University and in Ain Shiqaq area Lattakia. With the aim of studying the growth and development of pomegranate plant under influence of OMWW that was added a month before planting with concentrations (25,50,75,100)% of the total added water (500 ml per sacht) in addition to control (without OMWW). According to Completely Random Block Design (CRDB) with four replications per treatment. The results showed that no effect of OMWW on percentage of rooting ratio that scored with two values (87.5-90) percentage for all treatments over the control.  But the effect of OMWW appeared clearly through the significant superiority of the treatments T2 (50%), T3 (75%), T4 (100%) over the control, With increase in the concentration of OMWW used has increased (plant height, number of leaves, wet weight and leaf area). where the average plant height recorded 60.17 cm with number of leaves 208.2 leave, wet weight 11.553g and leaf area 4.215 cm² in treatment (T4), while the control values decreased where it was recorded 54.08 cm, 178.8 leave, 10.071g and 3.325cm² of plant height, number of leaves, wet weight and leaf area in respectively.

Keywords: Olive Mill Waste Water, Pomegranate, French Category, Rooting ratio, Growth of plant.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Iman Ibrahim* ⁽¹⁾ Najwa Muslmani ⁽¹⁾ Imad aldeen ALKhalaf ⁽¹⁾ Abeer alramo ⁽¹⁾

(1). Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aleppo University

(*Corresponding author: Iman Ibrahim     E-Mail iman.sy@hotmail.com).

Received: 17/11/2022         Accepted: 6/12/2022

Abstract: 

Nanotechnology is one of the modern technologies that are involved in many fields, including agriculture. The goal of this research is to manufacture nano-zinc oxide by sol-gel method and measure the size of the manufactured particles, and then apply them to celery seeds. At first, nanoparticles of zinc oxide were prepared by sol-gel method Several techniques were used to characterize the prepared nanoparticles, including infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), X-ray diffraction measurement (XRD) and dynamic light scattering technology DLS with a zeta sizer device, which was prepared from zinc oxide nanoparticles of six gradient concentrations. of ZnO-NPs (5, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100) mg/l, Bulk zinc oxide and zinc sulfate were prepared in the same concentrations as above, and celery seeds were soaked for four hours, and then transferred to sterile Petri dishes. The results showed, depending on the characterization methods used, the success of the formation of zinc oxide particles, and the size of these particles was about (12) nm, and the seeds treated with ZnO-NPs were significantly affected by giving the highest germination indicators compared to other treatments. We can conclude through this study the importance of using ZnO-NPs to improve productivity and growth of agricultural crops.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, nano- zinc oxide nanoparticals, growth indicators, celery.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ghiath A. Alloush⁽¹⁾, Osama Hatta^*(1), and Ali Yousif⁽¹⁾

 (1). Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University

 (2). Researcher at the General Commission of Agricultural Research, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Osama Hatta, Email: osamahatta87@gmail.com)

Received: 8/10/2022                    Accepted: 29/11/2022

Abstract: 

A pot experiment was conducted on soft wheat (cv. Sham 10) in a greenhouse on Tishreen University campus in season 2021-2022. The experiment included 5 levels of phosphorus applications (0-30-60-90-120 mg P/kg soil), which correspond to (0-20-40-60-80 and 100 kg P/h^-1), as according to soil weight in pots. Pots were completely randomized on the experimental plot. Seeding was at a rate of 120 kg/h^-1 (9 plants/pot). At harvest, readings for growth and productivity traits were recorded. Plant parts (straw, grain and roots) were oven-dried and P contents were determined. P removal was estimated and efficiencies of growth, productivity and P utilization efficiencies were calculated.  Number of fertile tellers increased with increasing level of P application reaching maximum number at 75 kg P/h^-1, an increase rate of 3 times compared to the control. The application rate of 100 kg P/h^-1 increased significantly number of grain in main spike to reach 42.2 grain per spike, an increase rate of 87% compared to the control. The effect P application was more evident on spike in tellers in which number and weight of grain was increased gradually. This enhancement in the productivity trait was reflected on grain yield. The highest yield reached was 13431 kg/h^-1 at 100 kg P/h^-1, an increase by about 170% compared to the control treatment. No significant differences were observed in hay weights and harvest index between 75 and 100 kg P/h-1, while phosphorus utilization efficiency (PUE) was remarkably increased at 75 kg P/h-1 reaching 45%, and decreased to 33% with 100 kg P/h-1. Physiological efficiency (PE) was not significantly different with differing level of P application, ranging between 17.7 and 19.3 kg grain/kg absorbed P.

Key Words: Soft Wheat, Sham 10, Phosphorus Fertilization, Growth and Productivity Trait, PUE, Calcareous Soil.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Manal Othman^*(1)  Fadi Abbas ⁽²⁾   Entessar Al Jbawi ⁽³⁾   Ahmad AL-Ali ⁽⁴⁾ and Gaidaa Alesha ⁽⁵⁾

(1). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural   Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Homs Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Agricultural Extension Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (MAAR), Damascus, Syria.

(4). Hama Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(5). AL-Ghab Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Manal Othman, E-Mail: manalosman709@gmail.com)

Received: 31/8/2022                    Accepted: 24/10/2022

Abstract: 

This study focused on estimating the yield stability of sugar beet cultivars in Syria. The data were collected from experimental studies on imported cultivars. Nine cultivars of sugar beet were compared in three main winter-growing regions of Syria in 2021, in randomized complete block design, with three replicates. The effect of locations, location ×cultivar was highly significant (P≤0.001) on root yield, while no significant differences were found among cultivars. Among the cultivars, SM1390 had the highest root yield (66.60 t/ha), followed by MK2832 and Milkos (65.96, 65.96 t/ha respectively), whereas Prestibel had the lowest root yield (52.77 t/ha). The significance of location × cultivar interaction showed that cultivars did not have uniform performance at different locations. Estimation of different stability indices revealed that Milkos had high root yield and stability, while Prestibel and Hospoly were found to be cultivars with low yield and stability. Terios and MK2832 displayed moderate stability. The estimation of the reliability index of root yield for different cultivars indicated that Milkos, had higher reliability than the other cultivars.

Keywords: Genotype-Environment Interaction, Sugar beet, Stability, Root yield.

Full paper in English: pdf

 Majd Darwish * ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Majd Darwish. E-Mail: majds26@yahoo.com).

Received: 10/07/2022         Accepted: 3/11/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out at Salhab regions in Hama governorate, according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replicates during the agricultural season (2021/2022). The aim of this research was to study the effect of fertilizing with different levels (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha) for each of phosphorous P₂O₅ and potassium K₂O on the growth, development and productivity of the broad bean Witty cultivar, by measuring a range of morphological and morphysiological indicators (plant height, plant leaf area, leaf area index, total chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate), and yield (pods formation %, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and seed yield (ton/ha)) and seed protein content (%). The results showed a significant difference in the response of the growth and productivity characteristics of bean cultivar plants to the levels of fertilization used. Phosphate fertilization plants at levels 75-225 kg/ha and potassium 150 kg/ha were significantly superior, either alone or together, as the compared of the other treatments in all the studied characteristics and traits. The highest seed yield of 3.56 tons/ha was recorded at the level of 150 kg/ha for both P₂O₅ and K₂O, while the high levels of phosphate and potassium fertilization (300 kg/ha) did not have any noticeable positive effects on plant growth, development and seed yield. Thus, we suggest using the phosphate fertilization rate of 75-225 kg/ha and potassium 150 kg/ha in the conditions of the cultivation area or in other areas with similar environmental conditions.

Keywords: Faba bean, Phosphate and potassium fertilization, Yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Muhammad Nael Khattab⁽¹⁾ and Maya Ghorra^(2(*

.(1). Department of Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Maya Ghorra:E-Mail: mayanabilgherra@gmail.com).

Received:20/09/2022          Accepted:6/11/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in the Damsarkho area of ​​Lattakia governorate during the agricultural season 2022-2023, according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and with three replications, for five genotypes of sweet corn (Dina, Golden Sweet, Mardikh, Al-Baladi, Novo) obtained from some companies Agriculture in Lattakia, by studying some characteristics (number of days to maturity, plant height (cm), crab height (cm), number of leaves, area of ​​plant leaves (cm2), average length of crab / cm, average diameter of crab / cm, average weight of crab (g), average grain weight (g), average sugar content (%)). In order to study the phenological, morphological, physiological, productivity and quality characteristics of some genotypes of sugar corn, using some statistical and genetic indicators of the studied traits to select the best ones and use them in subsequent breeding programs. The Mardikh cultivar was distinguished as the first seed (87.5) days, and the grain weight was in cornflowers (50 g), and the Novo cultivar had a plant height (170.45 cm). And the Golden Sweet model has two sizes of cob height (44.21 cm), diameter of cob (4.79 cm). The Dina model was also distinguished by the characteristics of the number of leaves (14.45 cm), the area of ​​​​the leaves of one plant (7827.83 cm 2), the length of the eagle (18.21 cm), and the weight of the eagle (92.65 cm). The degree of heritability was high in all the studied traits, ranging from (0.65-0.96), and with genetic progression, it ranged between weak and acceptable, according to the traits. We recommend the use of the two genotypes of sugar corn, Dina and Mardikh, for cultivation in the coastal area and for use as a raw material for subsequent breeding work, due to their superiority in many characteristics, including early maturity, productivity and quality. The cluster analysis also indicated the presence of genetic diversity among the studied phenotypes, which is necessary for any subsequent educational process, especially the use of genes belonging to different groups for crossbreeding in order to obtain the maximum strength of the hybrid.

Key words: sugar corn, degree of heritability, genetic progression, genetic and phenotypic variance.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jamal Saeed Deryag  ⁽¹⁾ and Fathallah Mohammed El-Madani ⁽¹⁾ *

(1). Dept of soil and water Faculty of Agric, Omer El-Mukhtar University, Libya.^.

 (*Corresponding author: Fathallah El-Madani.:E-Mail: ftallhl202078@gmail.com).

Received:19/07/2023          Accepted:02/09/2023

Abstract: 

  A pot experiment was conducted at the Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Omar El-Mukhtar University, El-Baida, Libya to investigate the impact of biochar of different sizes (0.0, 7.20, 21.87, 36.45 g/7 kg soil, equivalent to 0.0, 5.0, 15.0, and 25.0 ton/ha) as an organic soil amendment on the growth and productivity of Triticum durum L. The results showed a significant improvement in vegetative growth and productivity of wheat plants grown in sandy soil treated with biochar compared to the control treatment, with an increase in the measured parameters.

Keywords: Biochar, particle size, sandy soil, wheat.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Muhammad Abdul Aziz⁽¹⁾, Hussam Eddin Khalasi⁽¹⁾, and Ghadeer Al-Houshi ^*(1)

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ghadeer Al-Houshi, E-mail: ghadeerrafikalhoushi@gmail.com)

Received: 26/10/2022         Accepted: 29/11/2022

Abstract: 

A field experiment was conducted in the village of Jaiboul in the countryside of Jableh during the agricultural season 2021/2022, to study the effect of adding nitrogen fertilizer (urea 46%) at a rate of 0, 100 and 200 kg/ha, and potassium sulfate fertilizer at a rate of 0 and 100 kg/ha, and the interaction between them in some Chemical characteristics of the Rocket plant “local” variety, the experiment was designed as a factorial experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, and the comparison between the means was done using the least significant difference test L.S.D at the level of significance of 5%. The results showed that there was a significant effect of nitrogen fertilization in all studied traits, and the average of 200 kg/ha achieved the highest rates in the total carbohydrate content of leaves (7.00%), the oil content in the seeds (29.72%), and the protein content in the leaves (5.24%). And the content of phenols in the leaves (11.12 mg/g fresh weight).The results also showed a significant effect of potassium sulfate fertilization in all studied characteristics, adding 100 kg/ha led to a significant increase in the total carbohydrate content of leaves (5.96%), oil content in seeds (27.02%), and protein content in leaves ( 4.26%), and the content of phenols in the leaves (9.66 mg/g fresh weight). The interaction between nitrogen and potassium fertilization had a significant effect on all studied characteristics, as the interaction 200 kg/ha urea and 100 kg/ha potassium sulfate achieved the largest rates in all studied characters.

Key words: Rocket, fertilization, nitrogen, potassium, chemical.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Ola Moustafa* ⁽¹⁾, Safaa Rahmon ⁽¹⁾ and Houssen Mahasne ⁽²⁾

(1). Directorate of  Field, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Field Crops Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus,Syria

(*Corresponding author: Ola Moustafa  . E-Mail dr.olamoystafa@yahoo.com.).

Received: 18/05/2022         Accepted: 25/10/2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted to assess the most important drought tolerance selection indices in Chickpea: Drought resistance index (DTI), Golden mean (GM), Harmonic mean of yield (HM), Mean productivity (MP), Relative drought index (RDI), Sensitivity drought index (SDI), Stress susceptibility index (SSI), Stress Susceptibility percentage index (SSPI), Stress tolerance index (STI), Stress tolerance (TOL), Yield Index (YI), Yield Stability Index (YSI) n order to screen drought-tolerant Chickpea genotypes.The trials were conducted at the Qarhata Research Station of the General commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR) during the agricultural season 2017/2018 to evaluate the response of 12 genotypes of chickpea to water stress, the experiment was laid out according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that drought indices (DTE, GMP,RDI) had the highest significant positive correlation with seed yield under stressed condition, and both (SSI, and SDI( could be applied for screening of chickpea genotypes for drought stress tolerance. The genotypes FLIP 05-044 and Ghab5 were the best drought tolerant, so they are recommended to enter in breeding programs for drought tolerance The genotypes FLIP 05-044 Can be tested in advanced tests for variety utilization.

Keywords: chickpea, drought indices, correlations analysis, seed yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf