Hala Mohammad ^(1)* and Yasser Hammad ⁽¹⁽

 .(1)Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Hala Muhammad, Email: halamohammad445@gmail.com)

Received: 24/10/2022         Accepted: 5/02/2023

Abstract: 

A field experiment was carried out in the nursery of Tishreen University, Lattakia – during the agricultural season 2021 to study three types of bacterial fertilizers (M1; M2; M3) on the growth and productivity of the Coriandrum sativum L. plant. The experiment was carried out using a completely random method, after soaking the fruits with bacterial fertilizer according to the studied treatments for three hours, and after drying them, the cultivation process took place. The results showed the superiority of all bacterial fertilizers (M1, M2, M3) compared to the control M0 in studied characteristics, and the M3 treatment achieved a significant superiority and gave the highe value In (plant height – number of leaves – number of branches – number of inflorescences – weight of fruits – percentage of essential oil – weight of 1000 seeds – productivity per hectare).

Keywords: Coriandrum sativum L., biofertilizer, bacteria, morphological and productive characteristics

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

 Majd Darwish*⁽¹⁾Nabil Habib⁽¹⁾ and Sandy Al-Sabga⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Majd Darwish. E-Mail: majds26@yahoo.com).

Received:10/09/2022          Accepted:7/12/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried at Baksa village in Sitmarkho-Lattakia governorate on the Syrian coast, during the agriculture season 2021 by the cultivation of soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds (Sb44) in experimental plots, according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replicates. The objective of this research was to study of effect of foliar spraying treatments with organic fertilizer Magic Grow^® (MG) (0, 1, 5 and 10 g/L), and with organic fertilizer MELBOPHOS^® (MB) (Molybdenum, boron and phosphorus) (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 ml/L), and the combined effect of spraying with the organic fertilizers MG and MB together on some growth, productive and qualitative characteristics of the studied variety. So, the plant height (cm) and a number of indicators were measured: plant leaf area (cm²), leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (g/m²/day), leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids content (µg/g FW), number of pods (pod/plant), seeds weight (g/plant), 100 seeds weight (g/plant), productivity (kg/1000 m²), clearance ratio (%) and total seeds content of protein and soluble sugars (%). The MG spray treatments, especially at concentrations 5 and 10 g/L, and spraying with MB at concentrations 0.5 and 1 ml/L led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in most of growth and productive characteristics. Also, the combined effect of spraying treatments with both organic fertilizers (5 and 10 g/L) MG and (0.5 and 1 ml/L) MB showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the growth and productivity of plant. Thus, it can be suggested to spray soybean (Sb44) with MG at 5-10 g/L and MB at 0.5-1 ml/L due to their observed role in improving the vegetative growth parameters and seed yield, hence the possibility of growing soybeans (Glycine max L.) in the coastal zone conditions.

Keywords: Organic Fertilizer, Soybean, Yield, Coastal Area Conditions.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Manal Othman^*(1), Fadi Abbas ⁽²⁾, Thamer Al-Henish ⁽¹⁾, Ahmad Al-Ali⁽³⁾, Gaidaa Alesha ⁽⁴⁾  and Hiba Shams Al-Deen ⁽²⁾

(1). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural   Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Homs Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Hama Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(4). AL-Ghab Agricultural Research Centre, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Manal Othman, E-Mail: manalosman709@gmail.com)

Received: 1/11/2022                    Accepted: 8/02/ 2023

Abstract: 

Field experiment was carried out in three locations, (Agricultural Research Centers in Homs, Hama, and Al-Ghab), Syria, during tow growing seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021), in order to study the performance of six monogerm sugar beet varieties (Vico, Dita, Semper, SR305, Osma and Rosella) under three locations for yield and yield components along with technological traits. The experiment was laid out according to a randomized complete block design with three replicates at each location. The results of statistical analysis showed significant differences (P≤0.05) among all studied treatments and interactions among them for all investigated traits. The highest value of total soluble solids (TSS) percentage was attained by variety SR305 at Hama location in second season (23.50%). Meantime, Osma and Semper varieties achieved the highest value of sucrose percentage under Hama location conditions in second season (18.70, 18.30%) respectively. For purity percentage the highest value of purity percentage was produced by growing Semper variety at Hama location in second season (93.06%). Regarding root yield and extractable sugar yield the highest value of these traits was given by Semper variety at Homs location in second season (156.12, 23.97 ton/ ha) respectively. The obtained results also showed that growing seasons had a significant effect on all studied traits except for sucrose percentage, where second season surpassed the first one in purity percentage, root yield and extractable sugar yield recording (84.39 %, 106.32 and 15.43 ton/ ha) respectively. With respect to locations, Hama location recorded the highest value of root yield and extractable sugar yield (118.26, 16.92 ton/ ha) respectively compared to Homs and Al-Ghab locations, while no significant differences were found among locations with regard to quality traits. Also results indicated that varieties significantly differed in the studied traits except for TSS (%). Variety Semper performed best in relation to all studied traits and in all locations.

Keywords: Sugar beet, Locations, Varieties, Sucrose, Juice quality, Productivity.

Full paper in English: pdf

Mageda Alrwily^(1)*, Areej Alkheder⁽²⁾, Sameer AlAhmed⁽¹⁾, Muhammad Manhal Alzoebi⁽²⁾, Thamer Hnish⁽¹⁾, Samar Alali⁽¹⁾, Fadi Aji⁽¹⁾, Wael Mali⁽¹⁾

(1). General Commission For Scientific Agricultural Research-Crop Administration-Damascus-Syria

(2). General Commission For Scientific Agricultural Research-Resources Administration-Damascus-Syria

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mageda Alrwily, Email: dr.mageda@gmail.com,)

Received:1/03/ 2023             Accepted:5/01/ 2023

Abstract: 

A field trial was conducted to investigate the effect of varieties, nitrogen fertilizers levels and their application dates on some morphophisiological and  Quantitative Traits  of corn (Zea mays L.) at Karahta Research Station, General Commission for scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria, During two consecutive growing seasons (2018,2019). The split- split plot arrangement in RCBD with three replications was used. The experiment included tow corn varieties (Gota₈₂ and salmia_-1) and four nitrogen fertilizer level ( 7, 13, 19, 25 kg N.ha^-1) and four application dates of fertilizer (half of recommended level was added at sowing and the other half after 30 days from sowing; half of recommended level was added at sowing and half after 50 days from sowing: half of recommended level was added after30 days from sowing and half after 50 days from sowing: a first third of recommended level was added at sowing  , second third after 30 days from sowing and the last third of recommended level was added after 50 days from sowing. And treatments (without fertilization). The nitrogen fertilizer levels and application dates and varieties were represented as main plot, sub plot and sub- sub plot respectively. The results indicated significantly superior treatment (13kg N. ha^-1) were the varieties gave the best number of leaves by 12 leave and thus increase the effective leaf area which reflected positively on the grain yield by rate 19% , The characteristic of plant still green at harvest by rate 63% .  

Key words: Maize, The nitrogen fertilizer levels, application dates nitrogen fertilizer, Grain yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Saleh Al-Moustafa^(1)*

(1). Agricultural Research Center, General Commission of  Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Saleh Al-Moustafa, E-Mail: akdryd34@gmail.com)

Received:1/11/ 2022             Accepted:26/01/ 2023

Abstract: 

The field experiment was conducted at the Research Stations of Salo in Dier-Ezzor Agricultural Research Center, during the season of 2020/2021 to evaluate effect of different rates of organic manure on morphological and productivity Traits of durum wheat (Bohoth 9). The design of the experiments was Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment included four levels of organic fertilizer (Zero:control, 20, 25 and 30 ton/hectar^-1). Results showed that the factor of study influenced significantly in all studied traits, the treatment 25 ton/hectar^-1 gave highest average in plant height (89 cm), Spike length (8.17 cm), Number of grains/spike (32),  weight of 1000 grain (50.33 g), grain yield (690 kg/donum), Biological yield (1563.67 kg/donum) and Harvest index (44.14 %).                                                                                                

Key words:  wheat, Ttriticum durum, organic fertilizer, grain yield.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Zainab Tadbeer⁽¹⁾*, Ayman Taha⁽²⁾, Ayman Ouda⁽³⁾, Razan AL Najjar⁽¹⁾, Ola Kaso⁽¹⁾ and Mohammad Baker Al-Abd Al-Wahed⁽¹⁾

(1). Crops Research Administration, (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Damascus Countryside Agriculture Directorate/ Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Syria.

(3). Assistant Professor, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Zainab Tadbeer, E-Mail: zainab.tad@hotmail.com)

Received:21/08/ 2022             Accepted:28/11/ 2022

Abstract: 

The study was conducted at Kharhta Research Station, which belongs to the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Researches (GCSAR), during the growing season 2017 – 2018, to evaluate the response of ten bread wheat genotypes under water stress conditions throw the life stage of the plant by stopping irrigation compalatily. The experiment was laid according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications for the control (without water stress) and water stress treatments both during anthesis and grain filling stages. Water stress conditions negatively affected in all studied quantitative traits, The response of the studied genotypes to stress varied according to the life stage of the plant exposed to water stress (flowering, grain fullness). The genotypes Bohooth8, Douma6 and Sham10 were more adaptable to water-limited conditions during the two studied developmental stages, maintaining significantly higher grain yield compared with the remaining investigated genotypes, which is attributed to their superiority in the grain related traits such as number of grains per spike, number of spikes per square meter and 1000-kernel weight, which can be considered as key traits to be selected for in the plant breeding programs to improve the production capacity of  wheat under water deficit conditions.

Key words: genotypes, water stress, bread wheat, grain yield.  

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Muhammad Khattab ⁽¹⁾,  Nizar Harba⁽¹⁾ and  Orwa Suleiman^(1)*

(1). Department Of Field Crops, Faculty Of Agriculture, Tishreen, University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Orwa Suleiman, E-mail: aboalabd876@gmail.com)

Received:24/10/2022            Accepted:12/12/2022

Abstract: 

Five sunflower genotypes were planted (type 90 (A), model 19 (B), type 9 (C), type 54 (D), and baladi (E)), obtained from a previous (master) electoral program sourced from The General Authority for Agricultural Research in Damascus. In the field of a farmer in the al-Ghab area of ​​Hama governorate during the agricultural seasons 2020-2021-2022 according to a full reciprocal cross-hybridization program. The hybrid seeds obtained from the first season (20 hybrids) and the parents’ seeds were sown in a comparative experiment in the second season according to the RCBD randomized complete block design with three replications. The general and specific ability to mix, combine and adversely affect each hybrid was estimated for the characteristics of plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (m2), disc area (cm2), number of seeds in the disc, weight of 100 seeds (g), fertilization percentage (%) and seed weight of the plant (g) and the percentage of oil (%) and the amount of oil (g) at the level of a single plant, in order to select the best parents and individual and inverse hybrids in terms of high yield and desirable traits, especially the percentage and quantity of oil, and to continue with the superior ones to be included in future breeding and improvement programs for this crop. Genotype (E) was superior in general ability to mix and combine for short stems and increased oil content, genotype (B) for disc space, number of seeds, seed weight per disc and stem diameter, genotype (C) for oil percentage and leaf area, and genotype (A) For my fertilization rate and weight of 100 seeds. A group of individual crosses that have a special ability to mix and combine and resulting from positive parents, the general ability to mix and combine, was distinguished by many characteristics, and I especially mention the following hybrids: (D X B), (C X B), (D X C) and (E X C), which were characterized by the characteristics of disk space and number of seeds in the disc, the weight of the seeds in the disc and the percentage of oil, respectively, according to the sequence of the hybrids. A number of distinct inverse hybrids with a special ability to compatibility were obtained from positive parents, the general ability to combine, especially hybrids (A X C) for the characteristic of oil ratio, and other crosses from two parents, one negative and the other positive in the general ability to combine, superior to individual crosses in many of traits. The results also showed that there is a function of cytoplasmic genetics in the inheritance of the quantitative trait through the differences in the performance of each of the individual and inverse hybrids.

Key words: sunflowers, general ability to combine, special ability to combine, reverse hybridization.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hussain Almahasneh ⁽¹⁾, Ammar Zayoud ⁽²⁾ and Wajed Ghanem ^{(1) *}

(1). Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(2). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Hama ,Syria

(*Corresponding author: Wajed Ghanem, E-mail: ghanem565212@gmail.com)

Received:16/11/2022            Accepted:23/01/2023

Abstract: 

A field experiment was conducted at AlGhab Research Station affiliated with the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR). during the growing season 2021, to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizers application time and seed delinting on the growth and productivity of cotton (Variety Aleppo-124). The experiment was laid out according to split plot design with three replications. The statistical analysis results of the experiment clearly indicated to the existence of significant differences (P≤0.05) among nitrogen fertilizers and cotton seeds delinting treatments with respect to studied traits (plant height, number of fruiting branches, number of bolls per plant, dry weight of boll, cotton seed yield, fiber yield, ginning rate(. Application of nitrogen fertilizers at four splits recorded the highest value of studied traits (102.04 cm, 11.04 branch.plant^-1, 18.26 bolls.plant^-1, 5.80 g, 3115 kg.ha^-1, 2064 kg.ha^-1, 39.84 % respectively) as compared to other treatments. Regarding seed delinting treatments the chemical method (Using H₂SO₄) recorded significantly the highest values of studied traits (98.67 cm, 10.03 branch.plant^-1, 16.07 bolls.plant^-1, 5.82 g, 2767 kg.ha^-1, 1815 kg.ha^-1, 39.57 % respectively) as compared to other treatments. With respect to the interaction between nitrogen fertilizers application time and seed delinting, application of nitrogen fertilizers at four splits with seed delinting using sulphuric acids recorded significantly the highest values of studied treatments (106.19 cm, 12.17 branch.plant^-1, 19.36 bolls.plant^-1, 5.98 g, 3383 kg.ha^-1, 2274 kg.ha^-1, 40.19 % respectively) as compared to other interactions.

Keywords: Cotton, Nitrogen fertilizers, Seed delinting, Seeds yield, Fibre yield

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jamila Dirbas * ⁽¹⁾

(1). Cotton Research Administration, Aleppo, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Jamila Dirbas. E-Mail: jamila.dirbas@gmail.com ).

Received: 30/12/2022         Accepted: 31/01/2023

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out at Jub Ramla Cotton Research Station during the seasons 2020, 2021 and 2022 according at a randomized complete block design with three replications, with the aim of studying the components of variation among local cotton strains and evaluating their performance to reach a new variety. Results of ANOVA analysis showed significant differences among the genotypes (strains and control variety) of the studied traits (productivity, lint percentage, and boll weight) for the three seasons, individually and collectively, except for the boll weight during the 2021 season. Environmental variance played the largest role in the appearance of the productivity trait, while genetic variance was the major contributor to the appearance of the lint percentage and boll weight. This was evident in the heritability (broad sense) values, which ranged from low for productivity, medium for boll weight, and high for lint percentage. Results of meta-analysis indicated the superiority of strains 32 (Aleppo 118 × Coker 139) and 29 (Aleppo 118 × Coker 139) for productivity, strain 42 (Aleppo 118 × Raqqa 5) for lint percentage, and strains 28 (Aleppo 118 × Coker 139) and 32 (Aleppo 118 × Coker 139) for boll weight, depending on their performance. Therefore, it can be tested in multi locations and large scales within field’s farmers to confirm its superiority and select the best one to develop a new high-yielding variety.

Keywords: Cotton, Variance Components, Diallel Cross, Local Cotton Strains, Productivity.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory⁽¹⁾ ,  Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi⁽²⁾ , Ali Faraon Aobais⁽³⁾ , Majeed Ajafar⁽¹⁾ and Ali Ahmed Alaw Qotbi⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of animal production, agriculture college- Al-Qasim green university- Babylon – Iraq

(2) Department of Environmental – College of Environmental Sciences- Al-Qasim Green University- Babylon – Iraq

(3) Babylon Agriculture Directorate / Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture- Babylon- Iraq

(*Corresponding author, Dr. Hashim Al-Jebory-  Email: hashimhadi@agre.uoqasim.edu.iq)

Received: 7/08/2022           Accepted: 28/12/2022

Abstract: 

The local probiotic (Iraqi probiotic)containing Lactobacilli, Bifid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to ferment feed (FF) aerobically for 48 hours, after which dried and pelleted by pelleting machine in Al-Baraka grinder/ Babel government, 30 roosters were used in study fed on fermented feed with different level in poultry farm/ agriculture college/ Al-Qasim green university. The cocks were divided into 5 treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 fed on F.F. (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%), respectively, some qualitative characteristics of semen were measured, and the experiment continued for 20 weeks. It was found that there was a highly significant (P≤0.01) superiority in the total average ejection volume for treatment T5 and all fermented feed treatments in mass motility and individual motility of sperms and sperm concentration, as well as a highly significant improvement (P≤0.01) for all treatments of fermented feed in the percentage of dead sperm.

Keywords:  cock, probiotic, fermentation, semen quality.

Full paper in English: pdf