yousef mohamad⁽¹⁾, Emad Daoud Ismail⁽²⁾, Khaled Farid Al-Janad^(*3)

(1) Department of Field Crops – Faculty of Agriculture – Tishreen University – Lattakia – Syria.

(2) Department of Plant Protection – Faculty of Agriculture – Tishreen University – Lattakia – Syria.

(3) Department of Field Crops – Faculty of Agriculture – Tishreen University – Lattakia – Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Farid Al-Janad, E-Mail:kh33j55@gmail.com).

Received: 11/03/2020                               Accepted: 27/09/2020

Abstract

The research was carried out during 2017/2018 growing season at Buqa Farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University. in Lattakia . to study the effect of plant density and infection mosaic cucumber virus on the morphological traits of beans (Vicia faba L.). The local bean variety was used with three plant densities (5-10-20 plants / m²). Virus infection was made when the length of the plant reached 15 cm. The design of the experiment was carried out according to the Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with the arrange of split plot with three replicates. The treatments of infection were distributed to the main plots while the sub plots included the density treatments. Results showed that the plant density of (5 plants/ m²) surpassed the plant densities of (10 and  20 plants/ m²) in  number of plant branches , fresh weight of leaves on the stage of pods formation and leaves area at the stage of pods formation. The plant density of (20 plants/ m²) surpassed the other densities (5- and 10 plants/ m²) in leaf area index. treatment (E0) with a plant density of (5 plants/ m²) had the highest number of branches, fresh leaves weight and leaves area at the stage of pods formation the. ON the other hand, when the infected plant (E0) were planted at high density (20 plant/m²), they had the highest leaf area index. The healthy plants (E1) were superior to infected plants (E0) in all studied traits in terms of number of plant branches which declined by 16.66- 31.66%. fresh leaves weight per plant by 0.75- 1.80%. leaves area by 0.84- 1.82 % and leaf area index by 6.06- 14.28% respectively.

Keywords: Vicia faba, Plant density, Cucumber mosaic virus, Morphological traits.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Hasan Al-Assaf⁽¹⁾, Khald al-mohammad ⁽¹⁾, Abdullah Al-youssef^{* (2)}

(1). Dept. of orchards, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo.

(2). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research

 (*Corrsponding author: Dr. Abdullah Al-youssef. E-Mail:abdalyoussef@gmail.com).

Received: 06/02/2019                               Accepted: 09/07/2019

Abstract

The research was aimed to select the best genotypes according to their production performance and the characteristics associated with yield under the conditions of the eastern region of Aleppo. The plant material was planted with 74 Inbred lines and 4 local cultivars (Improved Municipal, Hama 2, Hama 3) and the Cypriot cultivar according to Randomized complete block design  with three replications and studied the most important productive attributes and their correlation with yield and calculated the broad sense Heritability (h²_B.s) and estimated the coefficients of phenotypic and genotypic correlation between the studied traits and yield, and the GGE Biplot was used to study the relationship between studied traits. The results showed significant differences between the genotypes for all the studied traits. The G24 genotype distinguished the highest value of the number of pods per plant  (41) and the number of seeds per plant (259). G69 showed the highest value for the number of seed per pod (6) The genotype G37 recorded the highest value of seed weight per plant (94.3) and the genotype G9 was produced the highest yield (3777.8) compared with all studied genotypes Genetic variation was the highest for yield trait, and broad sense heritability was the highest value for both biological yield and seed weight per plant (99%). The genetic correlation was significant between most of the traits. The GGE Biplot analysis showed that the best genotype combines these traits was G24 .

Keyword: Bean, Genotypic Correlation, Phenotypic Correlation, Heritability.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Ahmad Aljuoma⁽¹⁾ and Jamila Dirbas^*(1)

(1). Cotton Research Administration–Syria

(*Corrsponding author: Jamila Dirbas..Email: jamila.dirbas@gmail.com)

Received: 04/03/2019                               Accepted: 07/04/2019

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at Hama Agricultural Research Center during 2016, 2017 and 2018 seasons to study the heterosis according to the best parent and inbreeding depression in F₁ and F₂ of the resulted hybrids from top cross program among ten parents of upland cotton. Analysis of variance indicated high significant differences among the genotypes for all characters except sympodial brunch number in F₂. Estimation of heterosis showed significant positive values in some F₁ hybrids that reached 20.18% sympodial brunch number, (44. 74%, 44.30%, 47.06%, 65.00%) opened bolls number and (39.07%, 44.18%) seed cotton yield which may refers to variance of parents in genetic factors that control these traits. Heterosis in F₂ excelled F₁ which indicated to the transgressive segregation. Heterosis accompanied with positive inbreeding depression values indicating to dominance effect. Also, negative values of inbreeding depression were noticed in some hybrids because of F₂ excellence to F₁. To confirm the superiority in these hybrids, it is recommended to be tested in large-scale trials.

Keyword: Cotton, Heterosis, Inbreeding depression, F₁, F₂.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Abdullah Rajab Ahmed ⁽¹⁾, Majd Mohammad Darwish*⁽¹⁾ and Nazeeh Rokiah⁽¹⁾

(1) Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Dr. Majd Darwish, Lattakia, Syria. E-mail: majds26@yahoo.com).

Received: 20/08/2019                               Accepted:19 /12/2019

Abstract

The experiment was carried out at Alrensiya village in Tatous governorate in the Syrian coast during the agricultural season 2018, and based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The aim of this study was to determine the response of Burley₂₁ tobacco to water stress and nitrogen fertilizer additives. Both growing plants under full irrigation and water stress (50% of field capacity) were subjected to four nitrogen fertilizer additives (25, 50, 75 and 100) kg/ha. So, the plant height, plant leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), photosynthesis rate and crop growth rate, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents, fresh and dry leaves yield and leaf thickness were studied. The nitrogen fertilization increased most of the studied traits and indicators, both under irrigation conditions with full water requirements and under water stress conditions. This positive effect was also proportional to the amount of fertilizers used. However, water stress, led to decreases in most of the studied traits as compared to nitrogen fertilization treatments under the full irrigation conditions. In addition, the nitrogen treatment improved the growth and productivity indicators under water stress, and this positive effect was also proportional to the amount of fertilizers. The best results were obtained at nitrogen fertilization of 100 kg/h, either under irrigation conditions with full water requirements or under water stress compared to other fertilization treatments

Keywords:Burley₂₁, Nitrogen fertilization, Water stress, Leaves yield.

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Abd-Al-Karim Hashem Jerdy* ⁽¹⁾ Bassam Ibrahim Oudeh⁽¹⁾, Ossama Naeim Murra ⁽¹⁾Wafaa Hashem Abboud⁽¹⁾

 (1). Mokhtaria Research Station, Agricultural Scientific Research Center at Homs, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria.

 (*Corrsponding author: Abd-Al-Karim Hashem Jerdy . E-Mail:jerdi62@gmail.com).

Received: 15/05/2019                               Accepted: 23/07/2019

Abstract

This study was held in order to detect the effect of organic fertilization (sheep dung) on the productivity and quality traits of olive cultivar (Al-deibli), during the years 2012 and 2013, at the Agricultural Research Center (Al-Mokhtariah Research Station), General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSR). This research includes five fertilization treatments as follows: 1^st treatment: control (without fertilization), 2^nd treatment: 20 m³/ha of organic fertilizer (7360 kg/ha, 32 kg/tree), 3^rd treatment: 40 m³/ha of organic fertilizer (14720 kg/ha, 64 kg/tree), 4^th treatment: 60 m³/ha of organic fertilizer (22080 kg/ha, 96 kg/tree), 5^th treatment: only mineral fertilizers according to the recommendations of Agriculture Ministry. The Results indicated that the productivity was high in the 4^th and 3^th treatments which exceeds other treatments at level 5%,. Chemical analysis of oil after one year of storage in nitrogen environment, indicated that the oil was stable and that is no self oxidation was occurred, in treatments 3 and 4 comparing with other treatments, were the peroxide values for these two treatments were 11.3 and 11.6 meq O2\kg respectively, comparing with other treatments (1,2,3) which ranged from 17.4 to 18.1 meq O₂\kg and the percentages of acidity were 0.32 and 0.42 respectively. Absorbency at 270 nm wave length was less than 0.25 and this responds to IOOC for olive oil. Fatty acids (palmitic – stearic – palmitoeic – oleic – linoleic – linolenic) stay in their normal levels, and changes were at lower levels.

Keyword: Olive, Organic Fertilization (sheep dung), Olive Oil, Quality Traits, Aldeibli cv.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Hadeel  Mammar ^*(1), Mona Barkat ⁽²⁾

(1).Department of Soil Science and Water. Faculty of Agriculture. Tishreen University. Lattakia . Syria.

(2). Department of Soil and Land Sciences. Faculty of Agriculture. Tishreen University. Lattakia. Syria.

(* Corresponding author: Email: hadeelmaamar@gmail.com).

Received: 31/05/2019                               Accepted: 29/12/2019

Abstract

This study aimed to prepare a map of the danger of water erosion in Al THAWRA basin dam in Lattakia during 2018 using Corine model, followed by measuring the variant of Soil erosin susceptibility through estimating soil texture, depth and stoniness percent. After that, the potential erosion risk map was prepared by the multiplication of soil susceptibility to erode map, slop map, and rainfall erosivity index value using GIS technique. As for the cover land map, it was prepared and classified into two classes according to protection degree. Therefore, the actual risk map was prepared through multiplication of potential risk and land cover map.The study showed that soil erosion susceptibility index was low in the northwestern part and was high in the western and northeastern part of the studied area with spaces (11.92 km²),( 16.66 km²) respectively , it also showed that the steep soils were concentrated in the southern and northern parts and some northeastern parts. Finally, the study indicates the importance of vegetation to reduce the area under high risk of erosion by 58.20 %.

Key words: Water erosion, CORINE Model, Geographic Information System (GIS), AL-Thawra dam basin

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Saoud Sarboukh *⁽¹⁾, Faten Al-Safadi ⁽¹⁾, Baraa Bodakka⁽¹⁾, Safaa Bodakka⁽¹⁾, Amjad Abo Mogdeb⁽¹⁾

 (1). General Commission of Scientific Agricultural  Research -Scientific Agricultural research center in As-Sowaidaa

 (*Corrsponding author: Saoud SarboukhE-Mail:srbook72@gmail.com).

Received: 04/03/2019                               Accepted: 07/04/2019

Abstract

This study was conducted at Huot Research station, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR) during 2016-2017 in order to achieve: (1) study the effect of deficit irrigation (DI) on some of the yield properties of water melon , (2) study the effect of DI on water melon  water use efficiency and irrigation water needs. Therefore three treatments were tested in this experiment (1) 100% of ETc irrigation, (2) 75% of ETc irrigation, (3) 50% of ETc irrigation. Complete randomized design with three replications was used. Where (DI) was applied when the first flower bloomed.The results showed that water melon  irrigation needs 550 mm. in addition it showed that the deficit  irrigation decreased significantly the yield of water melon fruits, the fruit Wight, and the water use efficiency when the irrigation percents of Etc were decreased, where the yield was 8645, 6185, 3505 kg/ donm, and the fruit wight was 12.49, 9.53, 5.25 kg/ fruit, for the treatments 100% of ETc irrigation, 75% of ETc irrigation, 50% of ETc irrigation respectively. In the other hand total solublesolids significantly increased as the water stress increased where thetotal soluble solids was 6.42%, 7.55%, 8.61%, for the treatments 100% of ETc irrigation, 75% of ETc irrigation, 50% of ETc irrigation respectively. Therefore, when water is easily available with little cost it is recommended to apply 100% of ETc irrigation on water melon, else 75% of ETc irrigation DI is recommended when there is a shortage in water recourses or the water price is so high, but 50% of ETc irrigation is not recommended.

Keyword: Water melon, Deficit irrigation, Water needs, Water use efficiency.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Mohammad Ghoush* ⁽¹⁾ and Wael Habib ⁽²⁾

(1).Agro-economy Department. Faculty of Agricultural, Tishreen University, Syria.

(2).Agro-economy, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research (GCSAR), Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Mohammad Ghoush E-Mail:mohammadgh85@hotmail.com).

Received: 17/08/2020                               Accepted: 22/09/2020

Abstract

This research aimed to estimate the function of honey demand, and to determine the most important factors affecting its required quantities at the consumer level in Lattakia Governorate/Syria.The research relied on preliminary data through a field questionnaire targeting a random sample of consumers with a size of 400 households in 2019. Estimates have of demand function showed that purchase price changes were responsible for (35.3%) of the amount required of it by the consumers, as the demand for honey is flexibility high request. The results also showed that the multiplicity of procurement sources, the monthly income level of the consumer, the number of children in the family, and the multiplicity of other bee products that are consumed had a significant positive impact in the honey consumption, while the purchase price, the consumer age, and consumer sex, had an impact significantly negative on honey consumption.

Keyword: Demand function, consumption, honey bee, Lattakia.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Kamel Khalil*⁽¹⁾, Nour Aldin Youssef⁽²⁾, Assem Hamd⁽¹⁾

(1).Environmental Prevention Department, Higher Institute for Environmental Research, Tishreen University.

(2).Water Resources Directorate in Tartous Governorate.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Kamel Khalil. Email:     d.kamelkhalil@tishreen.edu.sy)

Received: 29/06/2020                              Accepted: 01/09/2020

Abstract:

This study aimed to estimate the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) elements in the bark samples of three tree species: Citrus aurantium – Ligustrum vulgaris – Melia azedarach. Samples were taken from /4/ locations in the city of Tartous with different traffic density in 2016. The concentration of Cd and Ni was estimated by using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the highest concentration of Cd (0.135 ppm) and Ni (0.6177 ppm) elements was at the Tourism rotary site, and the highest accumulation of Cd  (0.123 ppm) in the bark of the Melia azedarach trees while the highest accumulation of Ni  (0.5146 ppm) in the bark of the Citrus aurantium trees but these concentrations were overall within the natural limits Cd (0.01-0.3ppm) and Ni (0.1-5 ppm). In general, the accumulation of Cd and Ni was higher in the summer than in the spring. This research confirms the possibility for using the bark of trees as a bioaccumulator for heavy metals.

Key words: Heavy metals, Trees bark, bioaccumulator, Tartous ( Syria).

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Osama Radwan⁽¹⁾

(1). Ecology and Forest Department Faculty of Agriculture – Tishreen Univ. Lattakia–Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Osama Radwan. E-Mail:Osamagr3@gmail.com).

Received: 30/10/2019                   Accepted: 20/01 /2020

Abstract:

Street trees are an integral part of the street infrastructure, so choosing the right type plays a big role in determining the aesthetic and environmental value of any street. From an aesthetic perspective, street trees are important in increasing the beauty of the city and providing visual aids, from an environmental perspective, street trees play an important role in reducing the effects of urbanization and population growth on the environment.  An analysis of tree rows was conducted besides the diversity and idealism of trees in Khalid Ibn AlWaleed Street in Lattakia City.

The Results of this paper revealed prominent breaks in the arboreal rows, and the rows contained three plant species (Melia azedarach L., Ficus nitida L., and Jacaranda mimosaefolia L.), also, results showed that the ratios of many taxonomic units were not ideal and also it was noticed the irregular distribution of individual trees between the species that were found in the street, which caused distortion of the beauty of the street. Findings showed a decrease in the value of the idealism where (Jacaranda mimosaefolia) attained a value of 6.61/10 and (Ficus nitida L.) 6.97/10, while the value of (Melia azedarach L.) was 7.69/10.

Keywords: Street trees, Urban forests, Architectural environment, Morphological     Characteristics, Trees Idealism- Lattakia City

Full paper in Arabic: PDF