Iman mussa omran* ⁽¹⁾    Khadim salah Hassan ⁽²⁾   Nasir Abd Ali AL Mansour ⁽²⁾

(1).Department of plant protection -college of Agriculture –university of Basra,Iraq.

(2). Department of Biology – College of Science – University of Basra – Iraq

(*Corrsponding author: Iman mussa omran:E- imanm3980@ gmail).

Received: 26/09/2020                                Accepted: 10/01/2021

Abstract

This study was conducted in the year 2019, The experiment in the laboratory of biological control in the department of Biology, college of science, university of Basra. This study included the effect of alkaloid plant extracts Conyza dioscoridis, Cymbopogon citratus and Moringa oleifera at three concentrations 1, 2 and 4% with three replicates in each one for control of insect O. surinamensis in two ways. The results showed the alkaloid plant extracts C. citratus were the best in the morality of insect in the both ways spray and grains treatment were reached 43.71 and 15.93%    respectively. Then all the alkaloid   plant extracts reduce the number of F1 after 40 days of treatment which was reflected in the percentage of reducetion F1 in the both ways of the comparison with the control treatment, also the result appeared all the alkaloid plant extracts reduce the weight loss of grain in comparative with control treatment. The results appeared alkaloid plant extract C. dioscoridis was the best anti feeding index for the insect O.surinamensis  reached 55.5%.

Keyword: Insect saw- toothed grain beetle, Alkaloids plant extracts, Conyza dioscoridis, Cymbopogon citratus and Moringa oleifera .

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Bassam Ibrahim Oudeh ⃰⁽¹⁾ and Mohmmad Ibrahim Al- Alaan⁽²⁾ and Abd-Al-Karim  Hashim Al-Jerdy⁽¹⁾    

(1). Agricultural Scientific Research Center at Homs, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Administration of Plant Protection Researches, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria

(*Corresponding author: Bassam Oudeh . E-Mailb_oudeh@hotmail.com)

Received: 04/02/2020         Accepted: 08/06 /2020

Abstract

The research was conducted at olive orchard in Mokhtaria Research Station, Agricultural Research Center in Homs governorate during season 2018. Many attraction traps were used in management of Bactrocera oleae G. (Diptera: Tephritidae) named: pheromone Jackson, pheromone sticky yellow, food sticky yellow (di-ammonium phosphate 2%), food Sticky yellow (hydrolyzed protein2%), Mc Phail (di-ammonium phosphate 2%), Mc Phail (hydrolyzed protein2%), plastic bottles (di-ammonium phosphate 2%) and plastic bottles (hydrolyzed protein 2%). The results showed that Mc Phail traps (di-ammonium phosphate 2%) attracted the highest number of B. oleae in an average of 97.95 (fly/ trap/ week), then Mc Phail traps (hydrolyzed protein 2%) with an average of 48.59 (fly/ trap/ week), then plastic bottles traps (di-ammonium phosphate 2%) in an average of 20.59 (fly/ trap/ week), while the average of attraction of the other  traps ranged from 8.22 to 20.14 fly/ trap/ week), and the highest attraction of traps was at the beginning of September with an average of (Mc Phail traps di-ammonium phosphate 2%, hydrolyzed protein2%) (185.0, 110.33 fly/ trap/ week) respectively, while the  plastic bottles (di-ammonium phosphate 2%) averaged (45.67 fly/ trap/ week). The climatic factors averages (maximum and minimum temperatures and RH%) had a positive impact on B. oleae  where the simple correlation values were (0.46, 0.25, 0.23) respectively,  which led to a sudden numerical explosive of B. oleae. There were four generations per year, the third generation was the most dangerous. The results of statistical analysis appeared that there were  significant effects between Mc Phail traps (di-ammonium phosphate 2%, hydrolyzed protein2%) and other treatments, and also between plastic bottles traps (di-ammonium phosphate 2%) and pheromone Jackson at level 5%. It might be possible to use the traps Mc Phail and plastic bottles of di-ammonium phosphate 2% in reducing numerical density of B. oleae as an environmentally friendly techniques.

Keyword: Bactrocera oleae G., Numerical Density, Attraction traps, Control.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Mouzahem Mohammad ALDahoul*^{(1) (2)}; Samir Mohammad Tabbache⁽¹⁾; Bahaa Ahmad ALRahban ⁽³⁾; Ghassan Al-Lahham ⁽⁴⁾

(1).Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, (2).Agricultural Scientific Research Center, GCSAR, Salamieh, Hama, Syria,

(3). Administration of Plant Protection Researches, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(4) Administration of Agronomy Researches, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Mouzahem Mohammad AL Dahoul. E-Mail: m.dahool1975@gmail.com).

Received: 12/11/2019                      Accepted: 1/ 8 /2020

Abstract:

The experiment was carried out with the split plots design, with three replications, at the Scientific Agricultural Research Center in Salamieh (Syria), during the 2017-2018 agricultural season, with the aim of studying the effect of three sowing rates of lentil (250, 300, 350) seed/1 m², and three rates of Aclonifen herbicide (600, 900, 1200) g a.i/Hectare at post-planting treatment, in addition to hand weeding twice after 60, 90 days of cultivation and weedy control, in controlling wild mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and its reflection on productivity. The results showed that the sowing rate of 300 seed/1 m² gave the highest control efficiency, and reached 80.02% according to the green weight of mustard, the highest productivity of lentil, and recorded 144.27, 45.56 kg/dunum for hay and seeds respectively, and with significant differences compared to rates 250 and 350 seed/1 m². The highest rate of 1200 g a.i/Hectare of Aclonifen herbicide was the best control efficacy, and scored 85.3% according to the green weight of mustard. The hand weeding treatment at the sowing rate of 300 seed/1 m² gave the highest productivity of lentil compared to the rest of the treatments, and recorded 217.67 and 86 kg/dunum of hay and seeds, respectively. Light phytotoxicity of Aclonifen’s rates was noticed on lentil but melted rapidly.

Keyword: Sowing rate, Aclonifen herbicide, Wild mustard, lentil, Syria.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Allaa Abed Al-Razak Al-Haj* ⁽¹⁾

(1). Animal Production department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo.

(*Corresponding author: Allaa Al-Haj . E-Mail: allaapcr7@gmail.com).

Received: 15/12/2020        Accepted: 24/02 /202

Abstract

This study was conducted at the Animal House Research Center at Aleppo University on a flock of  Inbred local quail 200, consisting of four color groups (Wh, Cr, Br, and Black Bl) in 2019, to study some productive traits: body weight at all ages of growth, period of egg production and specifications. Internal egg quality. The results showed a high significant effect of local quail birds among studied color groups for the body weight characteristic at all periods, as the birds with the cream color Cr outperformed the rest of the color groups during weeks 3, 4 and 7 of life. A high significant effect was observed for the egg quality characteristics of the local birds among the studied groups, and the white birds (Wh) outperformed the rest of color groups with the characteristics of shape, yolk and albumen index, while the black birds outperformed the rest of the groups with Huff units and with high significant differences

Key words: local quail, inbreeding, body weight, egg quality.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Smaa Dabdob* ⁽¹⁾

(1). Dept. of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Albaath University وHomas, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Smaa Dabdob. E-Mail: smsmaanid@yahoo.com).

Received: 23/10/2020                                Accepted: 25/11/2020

Abstract

 The study was conducted at Al-Mukhtariya Station in Homs (Syria). Thirty nine Friesian cows during a time period of five months, and experimental animals were divided into four groups according to the production season (the first, third and fifth), and added a mixture of vitamins and minerals (premix) by different ratio   of  the  concentrate feed mixture  for all experimental  groups (0, 0.25 , 0.50 , 1 g/ kg). The objective of this research is to study the effect of supplement different levels of a mixture of vitamins and minerals (premix) to experimental rations on milk composition (fat) in Friesian cows of different milking seasons. The results showed that there are no significant differences in a milk fat due to the premix used in the feeding mixture, meanwhile it does exist among the milk seasons. The results also showed that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) in milk fat according to the different productive season of the cow as the first season exceeded both the third and fifth season by the percentage of milk fat.

Keyword: premix, Friesian cows, fat milk.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Mohammed Dosh Aldaemes*⁽¹⁾

 (1).Food Technology Division- Hama Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Mohammed Dosh Aldaemes.E-Mail: maldaames@yahoo.com).

Received: 17/11/2019                                Accepted: 26/01/2020

Abstract

The research studied the effect of infection percentage tortoise bug insect on the rheological and technological properties of Syrian durum wheat flour. Seed samples of 100% infected wheat grains were prepared by separating the infected grains from the wheat samples in the centers of the General Establishment for Grain Trade and Processing in the 2018 season, then mixed with healthy wheat grains at a ratio of 0 % as control (2,4,6,8, and 10%) and divided into two parts. The first part was used to determine the rheological properties (Specific weight, wet gluten, Farinograph, Extensograph). The second part of the sample was tested after the addition of three concentrations of ascorbic acid (100 ppm -200 ppm -300 ppm). The results showed no significant differences between the control sample (free of infection) and the affected samples by 2% without adding ascorbic acid and significant differences at the level of 5% between the infected samples (4%, 6%, 8, and10%) compared to the control sample, with the addition of ascorbic acid or without, the results indicted to obtain the best rheological and technological properties it is recommended to add 300 ppm of ascorbic acid infection if the percentage of infection was 6%.

Keyword: Rheological and technological properties of wheat flour, ascorbic acid, Tortoise bug.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Najari Sghaier ⁽¹⁾, Atoui Ahlem^*(1) and Abdennebi Moldi ⁽¹⁾

(1). Institute of Arid Regions, Médenine. 4119. Faculty of sciences (F.S.G) Gabés, University of Gabés, Tunisia.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Atoui ahlem, E-mail :ahlematoui@gmail.com).

Received: 06/08/2020                                Accepted: 22/09/2020

Abstract

 The study aimed to develop a set of indicators of an economic and biological nature that can be adopted from a better evaluation of the productivity of different genetic groups resulting from the local breeding program for goats with improved and specialized breeds in the oases of southern Tunisia. The proposed indicators depend on adjusting the average qualifications of milk and meat production for each genetic group, by taking into account the outcome of the breeding season and the cost of breeding for each group separately. The database was collected over a period of 22 years in the caprine herd of the Arid Areas Institute of Médenine. It consisted of direct records of 1,654 weights and 993 records of periodic milk production for members of the domestic goat herd, imported breeds, and hybrid groups. The proposed economic and vital indicators are based on collecting and adjusting all the components of milk production and growth of the goat by calculating the reproductive data, mortality, infertility and abortion. In the second stage, the productivity obtained above is modified by dividing it by the average metabolic weight (P ^0.75), which reduces the cost of breeding, which is correlated with the relative body size and feeding requirements in particular, which differ from one genetic group to another. The application of economic and biological indicators led to a classification and evaluation of productivity completely different from what was obtained based on a comparison of individual performance and production only as usual and which does not reflect the true effectiveness of the heterogeneous herds. It was noted that some strains, with high performance from milk products or heavy weights in weaning, were subject to evaluation influencing their ranking due to infertility rates or high mortality. Moreover, the correction by metabolic weight has profoundly altered the genetic difference arrangement in favor of local goats and marsiana with small sizes compared to latin, damascene and hybrid goats. Consequently, the incorporation of all productive components and animal behavior into the evaluation criteria provides effective technical means for comparing the productive performance of heterogeneous herds which supports the effectiveness of genetic improvement programs. Improvements can be made to the studied indicators by calculating other elements that interfere in the outcome of education or by adopting individual indicators instead of the medium, which is included in future studies.

Key words: productivity assessment indicators, Local goats, crossbreeding, growth, milk, metabolic weight .

Full paper in English: PDF

Firas Sultan * ⁽¹⁾ , Darem Tabaa *⁽¹⁾ and Abd-Aziz Arwana ⁽¹⁾      

(1).Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hama, Hama, Syria.

(*Corrsponding author: Firas Sultan. E-Mail: vet.firas83@hotmail.com).

Received: 13/06/2020                                Accepted: 23/7/2020

Abstract

This study was done to isolate and determine the prevalence of  Listeria species and especially Listeria monocytogenes of sheep meat samples from retail market in Hama city and their incidence during the seasons of the year.  120 sample sheep meat was collected randomly from retail raw sheep meat samples in Hama city distributed evenly over the seasons of the year 2017.

The results were recorded: 53 (44.1%) positive for Listeria spp., and the presence of L. monocytogenes was 6 (5%). While most species of Listeria were found L. innocua 34 (28.3%). The other isolates were L. ivanovii (1.6%), L. seeligeri (1.6%), L. grayi (4) 3.3%, L. welshimeri (3.3%), L. murrayi   1 (0.8%). The results showed that there were no significant differences between the prevalence of LIsteria spp in sheep meat during the seasons of the year.  This results suggest that possible Listeriosis infection among meat consumers.

Keyword: Listeria, monocytogenes, sheep meat ,Hama.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Wafaa Abedo^*(1)

(1). Horticulture department, Faculty of agriculture, university of Aleppo.

(*Corrsponding author: Dr. Wafaa Abedo. E-Mail: madrid198182@yahoo.com).

Received: 30/07/2020                                Accepted: 14/09/2020

Abstract

The aim of this research is to study the effect of foliar spraying with mineral ,fertilizers , seaweed and hemichemic acid on the development and growth of hazelnut seedlings, especially on the, length  diameter, leave number and the leave area. The results showed that the soluble fertilizers exceeded the all treatments conceding the seedling length, which was (28.27cm) and leaves , the diameter arrived to (23.60 leaves) , the diameter (11.95m.m) and root length arrived to (22.26cm) and leave area (7.105cm²) , while the concentration of 10g\l was exceeded the other   concentration conceding the length of seedling which was (22.88cm) and leaves number (19.50) , diameter (17.32m.m). When studying the interaction the result showed that the soluble fertilizers exceeded at the conceding the seedling length, which was (35.84cm) and the treatment of hemichemic acid at concentration of 15g\l conceding leaves number (31 leaf) , leaf area (9.53cm²) and the treatment of seaweed of concentration 10g\l  conceding the seedling diameter which was (17.32m.m).

Keyword: seaweed, humic acid , soluble fertilizers , hazelnut.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF

Venus Ebraheem Hasan^*(1) ,Ali Essa Elkhateeb⁽¹⁾ and Dr.Hasan Yosef Khojah⁽²⁾

(1) General Commission Agriculture Scientific Research- Lattakia

(2) Tishreen University- Agriculture College- Horticulture Department- Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Venus Hasan. E-Mail: venushasan80@gmail.com).

Abstract:

The study was conducted during 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia.Poncirustrifoliata were used as (Pollen Parent), Cleopatra, and Sour orange as (Seed Parent). For getting F1 seeds; and its seedling tolerance of chilling. These seeds were sown in agricultural pots, then the seedlings were transferred in February to a temperature controlled refrigerator, where they were exposed to cold gradually reaching (2-)^°C and then to (10-)^°C. As a result, cold stress (2-)^°C caused in the death of about 50% of the tested seedlings, and when the temperatures were reduced to (-10)^°C, led to damage to the remaining seedlings, and the percentage of damage reached up to (30%) of the plants, but these seedlings regained its life in the next growing season and continued its activity,Some growth indicators were calculated, the average length and diameter of the plant, the hybrids produced by the female Cleopatra gave the best results, especially the hybrids (210, 201, 233 and 220). the height reached 100 cm in the hybrid (210), as for the damage percentage, it ranged between 7% in the hybrid with sour orange 322 to 30% in the hybrid with Cleopatra (210, 204, 200, 203 and 202),Proline index, showed that the accumulation of proline began at stress (2-)^°C with significant differences in comparison before and after exposure to cold, and at a temperature of (-10)^°C. The accumulation increased at the surviving plants and the amount of accumulation correlates with the severity of stress, as the accumulated amount of proline reached to more than (2.2 mg / g) in the hybrids with Cleopatra (233, 243, 210, 202 and 240), and more than (2.60 mg / g) in the hybrids with sour orange (300, 320 and 322).Regarding the total chlorophyll index, the highest values were in (322) and (202), with significant differences between the amount of chlorophyll at (2-)^°C and its quantity at (10-)^°C, and it was found when calculating the specified difference among the studied hybrids in terms of total chlorophyll values ​​was the superiority of the hybrids 322, 320 and 202 over the rest of the hybrids.

Key words: proline,  chilling Stress, Chlorophyll, Poncirus trifoliate.

Full paper in Arabic: PDF