Ghaidaa Jakish * ⁽¹⁾ ,Abd Al-Hadi Hatabi ⁽¹⁾and Abdel Nasser Al-Omar ⁽²⁾

(1). Animal Production Department، College of Agriculture، University of Aleppo، Aleppo، Syria.

(2). General Authority for Agricultural Scientific Research، The Research Center، Hama، Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Ghaidaa Jakish. Email: ghaidaa.ja91@gmail.com).

Received: 18/04/2021                                 Accepted: 4/07/2021

Abstract

The study was carried out on the improved Awassi dairy sheep flock،  in the Hama Research Center، that follow to The General Authority for Agricultural Scientific Research، during three productive seasons (2017-2018-2019)، the aim of research was studying  the effect of fathers and some non-genetic factors represented by year، mother’s age، mother’s weight at birth and parity، type of kidding  and the kids kidding on the amount of milk production ، the study included (174) records،  the number of dairy ewes was (87) and the number of fathers (38) in the studied flock. The overall average of milk production for the improved ewes studied during the study period was (228.66 ± 3.71) kg / season، and the fathers had a high significant effect (P <0.001) on the total milk yield (TMY)، and the effect of the ewe birth year was significant (P <0.05) in milk production، where it gave the highest production in (2019) which was (239.9 ± 51) kg / season، and the effect of mother’s age was significant in milk production (p <0.001)، where it gave the highest production at (4) years old (277.28 ± 28) kg / season، while it turns out that the weight of the ewes had an insignificant effect (P> 0.05) on milk production، and the maximum production amount was (251.29 ± 11) kg / season in the weight category more than (60) kg. As for the parity، It had a significant effect (P <0.05) in the total production، and the maximum production reached in the third season (288.96 ± 13) kg / season، as well as، the type of kidding had a significant effect (P> 0.05)، and the production of ewes that gave birth twins lambs exceeded the production of  ewes that gave birth to individual lambs (238.25 ± 33) kg / season. as for kids kidding، its effect was insignificant on total milk production، and the heritability of milk production was (h² = 0.24). We conclude from the study that all the studied genetic factors (fathers) and some non-genetic had a significant effect on the total milk production of improved Awassi ewes، which requires continued work for improving them and developing the conditions of care to raise the level of their productive performance.

Key words: Awassi sheep، milk production، fathers، non-genetic factors.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mohammd Anas Hashemi^(1)*, YahyaAljbili⁽¹⁾ , Muhannad Muna⁽²⁾ and  Nidal Haj Omar⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, Syria.

(2). GCSAR – Latakia Researsh Center, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: MohammdAnasHashemi. E-Mail Anas.hashemi89@gmail.com).

Received: 14/04/2021                                 Accepted: 10/06/2021

Abstract

The research was carried out in 2020 in the Blas area in the countryside of Aleppo with the aim of studying the productive efficiency of using Panicum maximum plant in feeding Awassi lambs compared to some traditional rations. 20 heads of Awassi lambs have been homogenized by weight (32.91 ± 1.34) kg and age (9 ± 2) months were used and distributed randomly into four groups: The first group T1: fed a concentrated feed mixture + 20% straw, the second group T2: fed on the concentrated feed mixture + 35% green barley, group III T3: fed on a concentrated feed mixture + 35% mixed barley and vetch green, group four T4: fed on a concentrated feed mixture + 35% green panicum. The results showed significant superiority (P <0.05) of T3 and T4 than that other groups in average daily and total weight gain,( 221 and 218 g / day / head, respectively) , compared to 194 and 196 g / day of T1 and T2, respectively. As well as 12.44 and 12.21 kg total weight gain, respectively. Compared to 194 and 196 g / day / head in addition to 10.88 and 10.98 kg total weight gain for the T1 and T2 groups, respectively. Non-significant differences were Observed in the dry matter consumption between groups. The best feed conversion rate was in the T3 group which reached 6.30 kg dry matter / kg live weight gain, and was significantly superior (P <0.05) of T2. T4 achieved the lowest cost of one kilogram weight gain 3002.6 SP and the highest profit index 7.23 compared with others groups, especially with the  first group(control).

Keywords: Panicum, Mombasa F1, green fodder, production efficiency, Awassi sheep.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ahmed Ali Kadhem Al-Salhi ^{(1) *}

(1). Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Marshes, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq

(*Corresponding author: Ahmed Ali Kadhem Al-SalhiEmail- ahmed.a.k.alsalhi@gmail.com)

Received: 26/05/2021                                 Accepted: 29/07/2021

Abstract

The current study was conducted in the poultry field belonging to the department of animal production at the faculty of Agriculture at Al-Muthanna University for a period from 25/10/2017 to 6/12/2017 for 42 days, to find out the effect of using aqueous extract of nettle leaves on some blood parameters of broilers. In this experiment, 240 one-day-old chicks of broiler (Ross308), with an average weight of 43 grams, were randomly grown on four treatments at 60 chicks/treatment, with three replications per treatment (20 chicks/replicate), and were raised in cages for each cage of 1.5 x 1 m² and the four experimental treatments included: The first treatment, T1, the control treatment, which was devoid of any addition, and the other three treatments (T2, T3, and 4T) the aqueous extract of nettles leaves was added to each treatment with three different levels (10, 15, 20) ml/liter of drinking water, respectively. The results indicated a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid, and a significant improvement (P<0.05) in the activity of ALP, Phosphorus and Calcium. We did not notice significant differences (P>0.05) in each of glucose, HDL and LDL in the aqueous extract of nettle leaf treatments in comparison with the control treatment.

Keywords: Urtica dioica, nettles, aqueous extract, physiological characteristics, blood parameters, broiler.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Rachid Al-seid Omar* ⁽¹⁾, Reem Abdel Hameed ⁽¹⁾, Ghada Kattmah⁽¹⁾ , Mohammad Habou⁽²⁾, Firas Al Gammaz ⁽³⁾, Fersa Azam⁽⁴⁾, Hazem Al-Zailaa ⁽⁵⁾, Jan Abdoush ⁽⁶⁾, Abdallah Farhoud⁽⁷⁾  Ali Al- Dahouri⁽⁶⁾ and Nour Alkaim ⁽⁸⁾

(1). Administration of Horticulture Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(2). Directorate of olive office, Hamah, Syria.
(3). Administration of Natural Recourses Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(4). Administration of Plant Protection Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(5). Directorate of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(6). Directorate of Plant Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(7). Land and Water Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(8). Directorate of Mitigation the Effect of Drought and Natural Disasters on Plant Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rachid Al-seid Omar. E-Mail: dr.rachid_omar@hotmail.com)

Received:11/02/2021                       Accepted:14/07/2021

Abstract

This research was conducted during the period (2017 – 2019), in accordance with the decision No. 488/16/16/2017 issued by the Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, which includes the formation of a committee, its task is to prepare a map of the olive’s spread areas, the regions of spread diseases and insects that affect olives tree, and the map of suitable olive varieties in Syria, based on GIS programs. The first task of the Committee were carried out in the coastal area. Pest infestation maps have been completed in Tartous and Lattakia governorates, and also the maps of olive’s spread areas and the most suitable varieties. Executed GIS maps have been showed clarity in extrapolating and analyzing information about this sector in Tartous and Lattakia governorates, whereas map data confirmed that olive is a dominant species in cultivated areas, and the spread of certain diseases such as the peacock eye spot and olive knot has been linked to microclimate of specific areas, while other pests spread in wide areas and multiple heights due to several affecting factors: variety, agricultural practices and climatic factors such as temperature and humidity, the maps of the appropriate varieties of olives in the coastal area demonstrated that the dominant varieties Khodairi in Latakia, Doebli in Tartous, are the most important ones recommended for cultivation, in addition to the two variety Airouni and Sukari which were approved by the Ministry of Agriculture to plant in the areas of the spread of peacocks eye spot, or to grafted with them in order to maintain the production.

Keywords: maps, GIS, olive, spread pests, proper varieties, Syrian coastal.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Rama Mansour* ⁽¹⁾, Sawsan Suleiman ⁽¹⁾, and Maher Daies ⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Researcher at research center – Al- Hennadi, Soil sciences major, Lattakia – Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Rama Mansour. E-mial: rama.mansour1990@gmail.com)

Received: 23/02/2021         Accepted: 4/07 /2021

Abstract

 The effect of foliar spray with cycocel, Salicylic acid, and Silicon on cucumber vegetal characteristics, grown under salinity stress and green house conditions, was studied, at research center of Al- Hennadi, related to Agriculture research center – Lattakia- Syria. The research concluded 14 treatments: 1-C , 2- SA 25, 3- SA50 , 4- CCC400 ,  5-CCC600,  6-Si 100 , 7- Si 200, 8-S, 9 –S+SA25 , 10- S+SA50, 11-S+ CCC400 , 12- S+ CCC600, 13- S+ Si 100, 14- S+ Si 200. The results showed that foliar spray with Si,CCC and SA, enhanced inter number of male and female flowers, sexual ratio of flowering, contract ratio, average number and weight fruits, early and total production when plants were irrigated with normal or saline water.  The results showed as well that Si200 treatment significantly excelled in all fruiting characteristics and gave the highest amount of total production.  The results indicated that SA, CCC, and Si could alleviate the harmful effect of salinity,  with preference of Si which was more effective.

Key words: Salinity – Silicon – Salicylic acid – Cycocel- Cucumber- Green House.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Aulfat Monzer Hasan^*(1), Ali Khalil Dib ⁽¹⁾ and Ali Essa Elkhateeb⁽²⁾

(1). Horticulture Department, Agriculture College Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2).General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Aulfat Hasan. E-Mail: aulfat85@hotmail.com).

Received: 11/06/2021                                 Accepted:29/07/2021

Abstract

The experiment was carried out during the 2019/2020 season in a citrus orchard in Myaar Shaker country south of Tartous city on Citrus sinensis L.var.Valencia trees to study the impact of foliar spray with salicylic acid (150 mg/l), citric acid (500 mg/l), potassium sulfate (2.5 g/l) and Fe(Fe-EDDHA)500 mg/l on the tree vegetative growth properties, and fruiting of Valencia orange. Foliar spray treatments were applied three times according to the phenological stages of trees. The results showed that the treatments significantly raised fruit set percentage and the percent of remaining fruit after June fall, and that they improved vegetative growth parameters compared to the control. Salicylic acid spray resulted in the highest percent of remaining fruit after June fall (11.11%) compared to the control (6.22%), citric acid spray gave the highest leaf area (27.47 cm²) compared to the control (22.3 cm²). Salicylic acid spray gave the highest fruit production (177 kg/tree) was superior to all the treatments, followed by citric acid (168 kg/tree). Regarding the chlorophyll index, salicylic acid spray gave the highest values with significant differences to all the treatments. The results showed that salicylic acid and citric acid sprays were more effective than potassium sulfate and iron chelate sprays in term of the studied parameters

Key words: Valencia orange, foliar spray, vegetative growth, fruiting

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Nour Zien Alabiden ^{(1) *}, Ramdan Utra⁽¹⁾ and Mohamed Massri ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:Eng. Nour Zien alabiden. E-Mail: noor.zien@gmail.com)

Received: 7/07/2021                                   Accepted: 9/08/2021

Abstract

Apples are dried and used as snacks because they are rich in phenolic compounds, antioxidants, ascorbic acid, minerals and vitamins. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effect of the direct solar drying process and the indirect solar drying, by used of a hybrid solar dryer that was designed in this study, on the moisture content of apple slices, water activity, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, color change, and the effect of storage the dried product for a period of six months. These indicators were estimated during six storage periods (0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 days). The results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in moisture content in the slices dried by direct solar drying from 14.517% at the beginning of storage to 17.521% at the end of storage, while in the hybrid dryer from 11.218% at the beginning of storage to 14.209% at the end of storage, it also increased The values ​​of the water activity were significant by direct drying from 0.431 at the beginning of storage to 0.511 at the end of storage and in the hybrid dryer from 0.318 to 0.425. All color parameters changed significantly during storage depending on the drying method. The results showed that the color of the sample dried using the hybrid dryer was better and closer to the fresh sample. A decrease in the content of ascorbic acid was observed from the beginning of storage to its end by direct drying from 45.296 mg/100 g to 22.5 mg/100 g dry weight, and in the hybrid dryer from 65,741 mg/100 g dry weight to 32.5 mg/100 g dry weight. The total phenol content decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of storage. The results showed that the moisture content was lower with the hybrid dryer by 3.299% compared with direct solar drying, and the product retained better color and higher content of ascorbic acid and total phenols and thus better quality compared to direct solar drying.

Key words: solar drying, dried apple, hybrid dried, ascorbic acid, total phenols

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Malaz Albasha^*(1)

(1). Science university, Department of chemistry, Aleppo university, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr.Malaz Albasha. E-Mail: malazalbasha9@gmail.com)

Received: 5/10/2020                                   Accepted: 16/06/2021

Abstract

In this study (the research laboratories of Chemistry Departments-Aleppo University, Syria, 2018), the active components of the aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L plant was extracted by using different solvents of methanol 70%, ethanol 80, ethyl acetate and hexane. The methanol 70% and ethanol 80% extracts of Ruta chalepensis L were produced excellent antimicrobial activities (1.5 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) against three strains of gram-positive bacteria; Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans and three strains of gram-negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. And three species of fungi (2×10⁵) spores/mL; Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. All extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging activity in a concentration–dependent manner. The extracts were used for anticoagulant assays PT and APTT assays with different concentration of the extracts. The methanol 70% and ethanol 80% extracts of Ruta chalepensis L prolonged the time taken for blood clotting in all the tested methods. The activity was increasing as the concentration of extracts increased.

Keywords: Ruta chalepensis L, antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticoagulant, DPPH.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Tahani Al-idee ^{(1) *} and Maysam Jalees ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Food Technology, General Commission of Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Tahani alidee. E-Mail: tahane.alidee@yahoo.com)

Received: 18/06/2021                                 Accepted: 9/08/2021

Abstract

 The research was conducted at the laboratories of general commission of scientific agricultural research and the main laboratory of grain in the Sbeineh region during 2019, with the aim of studying the properties of wheat flour fortified with flaxseed flour. Wheat flour was replaced by flaxseed flour in different ratios (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) and the effect of the addition on some physiochemical, functional and rheological properties was studied. The addition of ground flax seed led to a darkening in the colour of the resultant mixtures, and the darkening of the mixtures increased from 1.89 in the control sample to 12.87 degree in the fortified sample with 20%. An increase in the falling number was recorded from 346 to 394 second with an increase in the addition of flaxseeds from 0 up to 15%. The water absorption increased from 62.15% in control sample to 65.15% in the sample with 20% of flax flour. Increasing the ratio of addition up to 20% resulted in an increase in the development time (5 min) and stability (3.5 min), while the degree of softening decreased (80 BU) compared to the control sample (90.1 BU). A decrease in extensibility from 170 mm in control sample to 75 mm for 20% flax flour sample. Also, substituting flaxseed flour for wheat flour up to 15% caused an increase in area and reached to 6.15 cm².

Keywords: wheat flour, Flaxseed, Rheological Properties, Extensibility, Area.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Youssef Mousa Zayeid ^{(1) *} and Altaib Noah Altaib ⁽²⁾

(1). Entomology Sector, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Libya.

(2). Higher Institute of Agricultural Technologies, Al-Marj,Libya.

(*Corresponding author: Youssef Mousa Zayeid .E-Mail: ymzaied@yahoo.com).

Received: 20/07/2021                                Accepted: 21/11/2021

Abstract

This study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2019 in Al Jabal Al Akhdar region which amid to identify the species of suborder Anisoptera family Aeschnidae in twelve sites. The results indicate occurrence of three species, Anax ephippiger, A.imperator and A.parthenope that were identify  depended on the external characteristics of the adult The species Global distribution are given .

Keywords: Odonata , Anisoptera , Aeschnidae, Anax spp., Al- Marj , Libya.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf