Rachid Al-seid Omar* ⁽¹⁾, Reem Abdel Hameed ⁽¹⁾, Ghada Kattmah⁽¹⁾ , Mohammad Habou⁽²⁾, Firas Al Gammaz ⁽³⁾, Fersa Azam⁽⁴⁾, Hazem Al-Zailaa ⁽⁵⁾, Jan Abdoush ⁽⁶⁾, Abdallah Farhoud⁽⁷⁾  Ali Al- Dahouri⁽⁶⁾ and Nour Alkaim ⁽⁸⁾

(1). Administration of Horticulture Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(2). Directorate of olive office, Hamah, Syria.
(3). Administration of Natural Recourses Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(4). Administration of Plant Protection Research, GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.
(5). Directorate of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(6). Directorate of Plant Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(7). Land and Water Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.
(8). Directorate of Mitigation the Effect of Drought and Natural Disasters on Plant Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rachid Al-seid Omar. E-Mail: dr.rachid_omar@hotmail.com)

Received:11/02/2021                       Accepted:14/07/2021

Abstract

This research was conducted during the period (2017 – 2019), in accordance with the decision No. 488/16/16/2017 issued by the Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, which includes the formation of a committee, its task is to prepare a map of the olive’s spread areas, the regions of spread diseases and insects that affect olives tree, and the map of suitable olive varieties in Syria, based on GIS programs. The first task of the Committee were carried out in the coastal area. Pest infestation maps have been completed in Tartous and Lattakia governorates, and also the maps of olive’s spread areas and the most suitable varieties. Executed GIS maps have been showed clarity in extrapolating and analyzing information about this sector in Tartous and Lattakia governorates, whereas map data confirmed that olive is a dominant species in cultivated areas, and the spread of certain diseases such as the peacock eye spot and olive knot has been linked to microclimate of specific areas, while other pests spread in wide areas and multiple heights due to several affecting factors: variety, agricultural practices and climatic factors such as temperature and humidity, the maps of the appropriate varieties of olives in the coastal area demonstrated that the dominant varieties Khodairi in Latakia, Doebli in Tartous, are the most important ones recommended for cultivation, in addition to the two variety Airouni and Sukari which were approved by the Ministry of Agriculture to plant in the areas of the spread of peacocks eye spot, or to grafted with them in order to maintain the production.

Keywords: maps, GIS, olive, spread pests, proper varieties, Syrian coastal.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf