Ahmed Hawas Abdullah Anees*(1) and Tamadher Adil Ahmed Abdulsatar Al-Dulaimy(1)
(1). College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ahmed Hawas Abdullah Anees. E-Mail: ahmed75hawas@tu.edu.iq).
Received: 29/06/2020 Accepted: 28/07/2020
Abstract
The objective of this research was to estimate of the genetic diversity depending on RAPD technique and heresies with evaluation 11 parents (W36(1), DW30(2), DW7(3), DW17(4), DW45(5), DW38(6), DW26(7), DW10(8), DW15(9), DW47(10) and 22(11)) in addition to commercial cultivar (Baghdad(12)) that were obtained from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Area (ICARDA)/Sulaymaniyah Research Station). The genotypes were included in the partial cross-breeding program to obtain 30 crosses and planted with the parents at farmer, s fields of Al-Dour, Salah al-Din Governorate during the season 2017/2018 season, using randomized complete block design with three replications, for leaf area, spike number, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield of single plant. The results showed significant differences of parents and F1 hybrids for all traits except spike number, so that crop genetic resources may be exploited for further breeding programs. Considering the mean performance, the hybrids (3X7), (4X8), (4X12) and (7X12) showed exceptionally good performance and heterosis effects in comparison to mid parent and better parent for leaf area (85.80, 75.64%), number of grain per spike (32.16, 24.28%), 1000 grain weight (24.46, 23.25%) and grain yield of single plant (76.12, 72.79%) respectively. Results showed that the biggest genetic diversity was between the genotype (3) and (4) (0.791), while the least genetic diversity was between the genotypes (7 and 9) which was (0.23), suggesting that these promising crosses combinations may further be used in various breeding programs especially in selection. These crosses combinations may be used for hybrid crop development in durum wheat for potential yield.
Key words: Durum wheat, RAPD technique, Heterosis.