Bachar Aldakil*(1)
(1). Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Bachar Aldakil. E-Mail: bashardakhel6@gmail.com).
Received: 11/12/2019 Accepted: 13/01/2020
Abstract
This research aimed to study several isolates of pathogenic fungi causing root rot phenomenon on wheat and barley. Six fungal isolates of Rhizoctonia, Fusarium and Helmenthosporium, were used in this study. These isolates were treated with four chemical fungal disinfectants, in addition to fungus Trichoderma harzianum. The laboratory experiment was achieved with incubation the isolates within petri dishes at a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C. The diameters of fungal colonies above the culture medium were measured daily for a period of six days. The pot experiments were achieved on durum wheat (Bohooth 5) and barley (Tadmor) which were known with their sensitivity to the infection. The germinated seeds were treated with the fungal disinfectants and then they were planted in the pots within the incubator. After the formation of the two first leaves, the experimental pots were subjected to the natural environmental conditions. The pots were watered and fertilized as needed. Concerning the laboratory dishes within the incubator, the results of statistical analyses clarified that the treatment with fungicide Vetavax and the fungus T. harzianum were more performed. While, concerning the pot exterminates, the results showed that Vitavax was more effective in the reduction of the infection rates for both wheat and barley. Although the beneficial fungus T. harzianum had a limited efficacy, its efficacy was high in controlling the isolate R1 of the pathogen Rhizoctonia. The obtained results lead to investigate the causes of the limited efficacy of Trichoderma in the pot experiments.
Keywords: Root rot, Fungal disinfectants, Wheat, Barley.