Ghrood Al-Aswd^(1)*  Taha Ahmad Al-Arefi ⁽²⁾  Ibtisam AbdulAziz Al-Abed ⁽²⁾ Thamer AL Hniesh⁽¹⁾ and Mhmoud Sedo⁽³⁾

 (1). Depart. of  field crops Res. GCSAR, Damascus, Syria.   

(2). Hama Research center, GCSAR, Syria.

(3). Homs, GCSAR, Syria.

(*corresponding author: Ghrood Al-Aswd. E- Mail : ghroodaswd@yahoo.com).

       Received: 24/09/2022              Accepted: 24/11/2022

Abstract: 

A field experiment was carried out in Homs and Hama research centers, under irrigated conditions during the 2018-2019 growing seasons, in order to evaluate 7 genotypes of soybean. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. traits of(number of days until flowering, number of branches, plant height, height of the first pod, number of pods/plant, weight of 100 seeds, seed yield) were studied. Principle component analysis was carried out in order to portioning the total variance into principal components. Correlation analysis and path coefficient analysis between studied traits and seed yield were applied to obtain direct and indirect effects and to define their contribution (%) in seed yield to identify the selection criteria for seed yield. The results showed that seed yield had a significant positive correlation between number of pods/plant and weight of 100 seeds (0.689**, 0.805**) respectively. Principle component analysis results indicated that there are two components (PC1, PC2) explain79.8% of the variance between the studied genotypes. Results of path coefficient analysis showed that the direct effects of number of pods/plant, the number of branches and the number of days until flowering were positive andstatistically significant (2.827, 2.755, 1.727) respectively. The overall contribution of the studied traits in seed yield 38.32%, In summary, using these traits especially (number of pods/plant and the weight of 100 seeds) as selection criteria is preferred direction when breeding for high yield potential.

Key Words: Principal Component, Correlation, Path coefficient, seed yield, soybean.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Sundus Jaber Mohammed ^*(1) and  Sundus A.M.Alabdulla ⁽¹⁾   

(1). Field Crops Dept. College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.

 (*corresponding author: Sundus.J. Mohammed  E- Mail : noorzhra40@gmail.com)

       Received: 24/09/2022              Accepted: 24/11/2022

Abstract: 

A field experiment was carried out at Al-Hartha Research Station, is one Agricultural / College of Agriculture/ University of Basrah during the winter season 2021-2022 ,to determine the effect of mineral fertilization (0 , 50% from fertilizer recommendation and 100% from fertilizer recommendation 180 N + 100 P + 120 K kg ha^-1), spraying with extracts of Licorice and moringa leaves (0 , spraying with a concentration of 50% and 100% Licorice extract , spraying with a concentration of 50% and 100% Moringa leaf extract) on yield and quality of  Wheat of variety Bhooth -22. The experiment was factorial in R.C.B.D design with three replicate .The results showed that adding 100%  of recommendation fertilizer led to an increase in the yield .The percent of increasing in grain yield , protein and wet gluten percentage in grains compared to the control was 20.81, 15.35 and 10.79% respectively. Spraying with 100% Licorice extract  gave the highest averages for all traits,  The percent of increasing in grain yield , protein and wet gluten percentage in grains compared to the control was 24.81, 15.84 and 9.79% respectively .The interaction of fertilizer recommendation 100% and spraying with 100% concentration of licorice extract achieved the highest averages, the percent of increasing in grain yield was  39.75%, grain protein 104.76% and wet gluten 30.68% compared to the interaction treatment of  control for both factors.

Key words: Wheat, Liquorice, Moringa, Yield,Gluten.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Mohamed Abd EL–Aziz⁽¹⁾ , Wassem  Adla ⁽²⁾  and Zacaria Alahmad^(1)*

(1). Agric.F.zc. Tishreen Univ .Lattakia, Syria

(2). Doctor of Nutrition and Soil Fertility, Al-Ghab Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria.

 (* Corresponding author: Zacaria Alahamd. E-Mail: z.alahmad89@gmail.com).

Received: 10/08/2022              Accepted: 1/12/2022

Abstract: 

Field experiment was carried out during 2018 at Al-Ghab, Sarmiyah village, to study the effect of potassium fertilization rates (0, 70, 110,and 150) k.g/ha and  Methods of adding yeast (without adding, wrapping seeds, spraying on plants, and adding with irrigation water)and  the interaction between some physiological and chemical indicators, like (Number of leaves, leaf weight, leaf area, protein percentage, oil percentage(, The experiment was designed by split block design, with three replications, result showed that adding. Potassium fertilization and yeast methods led to a significant increment in the pervious traits compared with the control (without adding any treatment). The largest values for the number of leaves and leaf weight were found at the interaction between potassium fertilization rate 110 kg (K₂O) hectare and adding bread yeast by spraying on the plant by 85 than the control,  while the interaction between potassium rate 150 kg (K₂O) / hectare and the spray method achieved ahigher surface area average compared with the control by 3945 cm² , which indicates the importance of the interaction between these two factors. The addition of potassium fertilization at the rate of 150 kg (K₂O)/ha gave the highest percentage of oil in the seeds 51.95%, while the highest percentage of protein in the seeds was 31.65% at the rate of 70 kg (K₂O)/ha, while the method of adding baking yeast by spraying with irrigation water gave the highest values. in the percentage of oil in the seeds, while the combined reaction between the rate of 150 kg (K₂O) / ha with the method of adding baking yeast with irrigation water gave higher values in the percentage of oil in the seeds 53.82%.

Key words:  Peanuts, potassium fertilization, bread yeast, number and weight of leaves, leaf aria, oil, protein

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Reham Nbeaa⁽¹⁾*, Bassam Abo-Trabi ⁽¹⁾ and Ehab Ahmad ⁽²⁾

(1). Horticultural science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Agricultural Research Center of Latakia, General Commission for Scientific

Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

 (* Corresponding author: Reham Nbeaa. E-Mail:rehamnbeaa@gmail.com).

Received: 13/02/2022              Accepted: 09/06/2022

Abstract: 

This study was carried out at Agricultural Research Center of Lattakia, Boka, which belongs to General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research by employing six hybrids of okra produced by a four-diallel crossing scheme in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications, to estimate the effect of heterosis and inbreeding depression for number of days to first flowering, number of days to 50% of flowering, number of the first flowering node, number of the first fruiting node, number of branches\plant, number of nodes, fruit length (cm) and fruit diameter (cm). The results showed that Hybrids Red Lathkani × New Lathkani, Istanboli ×New Lathkani and Red Lathani × Old Lathkani had significant and high significant mid-parent hetersis for number of days to first flowering, and Istanboli × New Lathkani and Red Lathkani × New Lathkani had significant and high significant best parent hetersis for fruit length. Also, the low occurrence of inbreeding depression  for the number of branches/plant  or its non-occurrence at all in other traits may be due to the influence of these traits by the addition gene action.

Key words: Okra, Heterosis, Inbreeding depression, half-Diallel crossing, earliness.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ahmed Malek ^*(1) , Mohamad Al-Husaini, ⁽¹⁾, Shams aldeen Al-Muntaser ⁽²⁾

(1). Central Highlands Research station, Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, Dhamar, Republic of Yemen.

(2). Genetic Resource Center, Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, Dhamar, Republic of Yemen.

(*Corresponding author: Malek, A. A; E-Mail: ahmedhabeb1966@gmial.com).

Received: 24/06/2022                     Accepted: 22/02/2023

Abstract: 

The study was carried out in nine different locations during the summer season (July) 2020 AD, in the Central Highlands Region, Dhamar Governorate – Republic of Yemen. The work was concentrated in three districts, which are Mayfa’a Ans, Otma and Al-Hadda. In each district, three locations were chosen for the purpose of evaluating and studying the phenotypic and productive characteristics of five varieties of wheat (3 local cultivars of dicoccum wheat called Arabi, Boni and Missani, and two improved cultivars belonging to bread wheat called Bohoth-3 and Bohoth-37). Each cultivar was planted with an area of ​​150 m2 in each site and was relied on 20 descriptive and quantitative traits. The results showed that the cultivars were divided into two groups, the first for the local cultivars (Landraces), where the kinship relationship between the Maysani cultivar on the one hand, and the two cultivars Boni and Arabi on the other hand, reached 85%, and this shows the genetic divergence between them, while the most closeness between the two cultivars Boni and Arabi reached 93%. The second group included the two improved cultivars Bohoth-3 and Bohoth-37, and the degree of kinship between them was 78.2%, indicating the genetic divergence between them. The study recommended confirming the results by expanding the study on a wide range of varieties in parallel with the molecular study of the same target samples.

Key words: phenotypic characteristics, cluster analysis, genetic kinship and divergence

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Manal Madarati ^*(1) Mohammad Jamal Hamandosh⁽²⁾and Ahmad Aljouma ⁽¹⁾

(1). Cotton Research Department, General Commission for Scientifc Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Department of Crops, Faculty of Agriculture Aleppo University, Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Manal Madarati. Email: manalmadarati7@gmail.com)

Received: 20/05/2022            Accepted: 4/06/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was conducted at Tal Hadya station in Aleppo, Cotton Research Department, during 2021 season. Sixteen genotypes were used with three replications under RCBD design. The aim of the research was to study the phenotypic, genetic and environmental variability, heritability, correlations. Genotypes were evaluated for early indicators and productive traits. The results showed a large variability within studied traits. The genetic and phenotypic variances were larger than environmental variance for all studies traits. The highest value of heritability was 98.95% for number of days to 50% flowering and high genetic advance 28.25. The results showed a very high positive significant correlation between earliness index and each of combined picking and day CPD and average boll weight. And between CPD index and each of sympodia branches number and average boll weight. There’s also a positive significant correlation between earliness index and each of CPD index and sympodia and total boll number. The genotypes 6, 3, 11, and 8 were the most early genotypes studied.

Key words : earliness indicators, Genotypes, cotton, genetic variation components, correlations.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Ziad Aleisa *^{(1) (2)}, Mohammad Nayef Alsalty⁽²⁾, Moneer Alnabhan⁽³⁾and  Ahmad Algomaa⁽¹⁾

(1). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, cotton research administration, Aleppo, Syria,

(2). Faculty of Agriculture, plant protection department, Aleppo university, Aleppo, Syria.

(3). General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Hama center, Hama, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ziad Aleisa. E-mail: ziadissa989@gmail.com).

Received9/04/2022            Accepted: 22/06/2022

Abstract: 

The effects of coating cotton’s seeds by suspension of  many isolates of useful microorganisms by two ways of seeds coating(chemical shaved / unshaved) on growth measurement of cotton variety Aleppo₁₁₈ had been studied, and development and density of whiteflies and cotton bollworms on cotton threw field experiment in Hemimah agricultural research station/Aleppo research center on 2019 season with three replicate for each treatment and the control, three isolates of Trichoderma harizianum (T_wood, T.L.C, T₉₅₀ ), tow isolates of Beauveria bassiana (GHA, K), two isolats of Bacillus subtilis (B.s, B._bacteria), isolate of Lecanicellium lecani(B), isolate of Aspergillus sp.(Asp) were used . Useful microorganisms were propagated then seeds coating operation were achieved. Seeds were planted on 15/5/2019, Many measurements have been taken like germination, productivity, density of whiteflies and cotton bollworm injury rates, and electrical conductivity of soil, organic matter, (NPK and Fe) available in soil. The results showed that  no significant differences in germination, number of bolls,  furrow productivity between treatments and control, whereas the strain treatments had a low densities of whiteflies’ nymphs /leaf (23.03-27.34 comparing with control 54.76), and coating with isolate GHA and B reduce from cotton bollworms rate (40.23 and 40% comparing with control 54.76%), and enhance availability of nutritious minerals studied, from the results have been noticed that coating cotton seed with useful microorganism enhanced cotton plant resistance toward whiteflies and cotton bollworm, improve its productivity, supporting integrated pest management programs for cottons’ insects.

Keywords: Enhance Plant Resistance, Useful Microorganism, Enhance Growth, Whiteflies, Cotton Bollworm.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Jamila Dirbas^(1)* , Ahmed Aljuoma⁽¹⁾ and  Saleh Almustafa⁽²⁾

(1). Cotton Research Administration, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Dier Azzour Center for Agricultural Scientific Research, Dier Azzour, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Jamila Dirbas. Email: jamila.dirbas@gmail.com)

Received: 1/03/2022           Accepted: 26/06/2022

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out at Jub Ramlah Station for Cotton Research during 2020 season according to randomized complete block design with three replications. The research aimed to evaluate fiber quality of brown cotton lines which resulted by crossing with island cotton (long-staple cotton). Results of ANOVA analysis showed high significant differences among studied characters (lint percentage, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber elongation and fiber fineness). This is a clear indication of the genetic variation among the tested genotypes. Compared to check variety (Aleppo 124), increasing rate reached %2.33 for lint percentage, %13.64 for fiber length (line 25/1), %37.05, %18.61 and %32.17 for fiber strength, fiber elongation and fiber fineness (line 25/2), respectively. The two lines 25/1 (light brown) and 25/2 (light brown) were distinguished by their high fiber quality so they must be tested in several environments to be utilized as varieties, and later used in breeding programs as well as the textile industry as naturally colored fibers.

Key words: brown cotton, upland cotton, fiber quality, intraspecific cross.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Yousef Khalaph ^(1)*,  M. Khaldon Dormish ⁽¹⁾ , M. Hossam Bahlawan ⁽¹⁾ and Wafaa Issa⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Soil and Land Reclamation, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). Department of Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Science, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Yousef Khalaph, E-mail: yosef_walid55@hotmail.com).

Received: 19/03/2022         Accepted: 6/06/2022

Abstract: 

A column experiment was carried out under the conditions of the laboratory of colloids and clay minerals at the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering at the University of Aleppo, in order to know the effect caused by the magnetization of irrigation water on the chemical properties of soils irrigated with water of different salinity. The experiment was carried out on the Kskeis soil, located east of Aleppo city, and it was irrigated with three types of water of different salinity (Furat – Rasm Al-Hamis – Mishrifat Al-Zakiya). With irrigated water, the irrigation process was carried out with ten irrigations. The results indicated that the magnetization of showing off water reached its value, reached its value, reached its value, reached its value when magnetized. dS.m-1) was 4.05, while at the non-magnetized (dS.m-1) 3.7, the values ​​of the sorbent sodium rate SAR were affected by the accumulation of salts in the subsurface layer of the studied treatments included in the study. The values ​​of the rate of sodium adsorption SAR were also affected by the accumulation of salts in the subsurface layer of the studied treatments included in the study, and the magnetization of water contributed to the reduction of SAR values. 1.57, while it reached 1.93 in the same treatment irrigated with non-magnetized water.

Key words: magnetized water, electrical conductivity values, sodium sorbent rate.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Merfat T. Ben Mahmud ^(1)*

(1). Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Merfat T. Ben Mahmud, E-mail: dr.mbenmahmoud@yahoo.com).

Received:29/03/2022                       Accepted:2/06/2022

Abstract: 

This study was conducted in Wadi Elrabie (Tajoura) region, which is an agricultural area in Libya during the autumn agricultural season 2021. To find out the effect of biofertilization represented by Plant growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria PGPR, Azotobacter, Burkholderia, and Bacillus locally isolated from the soil of the study area with organic fertilizer OM (a mixture of poultry and sheep manure) on the availability of nutrients in the soil (nitrogen, phosphorous, Potassium) and the growth of potato cultivar Spunta. Where the results showed the superiority of the treatment of the mixture of the three types of bacteria and organic fertilizer in all the studied traits, as the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium was recorded as 64.5, 18.75 and 165.5 mg / kg soil, the average plant height was 76.1 cm, the number of aerial stems was 4, and the total production was 30.5 tons / hectare The concentration rates of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium also increased, as the treatment of a mixture of the three types of bacteria recorded the highest results, reaching 54.28, 16.35 and 149.74 mg/kg soil, plant height rate of 62.53 cm, number of stems 3.03 and total production of 22.48 tons/ha. Results The concentration of the elements increased with the addition of organic fertilizer and reached 61.47, 15.27 and 129.09 mg/kg soil, with a significant difference from the control treatment, which recorded the lowest results.

Keywords: Biofertilization, Plant Growth, Promoting Rhizobacteria, Organic  Fertilization, Potato Plant                     

Full paper in Arabic: pdf