Muhammad Abdul Aziz ⁽¹⁾,Hussam Eddin Khalasi⁽¹⁾ and Ghadeer Al-Houshi ^(2)*

(1). Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Directorate of Agriculture in Latakia, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ghadeer Al-Houshi, E-mail: ghadeerrafikalhoushi@gmail.com).

Received: 21/08/2022                   Accepted:2/10/2022

Abstract: 

 Afield experiment was conducted in the village of Giebul in the countryside of Jableh during the agricultural season 2021/2022, to study the effect of adding (urea 46%) at a rate of 0, 100 and 200 kg/ha, and potassium sulfate fertilizer at a rate of 0 and 100 kg/ha and the interaction between them in some Productivity traits of Eruca sativa “local” plant, the experiment was designed as a factorial experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, and the comparison between the means was done using the least significant difference test L.S.D at the level of significance of 5%. The results showed that there was a significant effect of urea fertilization in all studied traits. The average 200 kg/ha nitrogen achieved the highest seed production with an average of (213.50 g/m²), the highest number of seeds/plant (1006.50 seeds), and the highest biological yield (525.00 g/m²). And the highest weight of 100 air-dried fruits was (9.84 g). The results also showed a significant effect of potassium sulfate fertilization in all studied traits, as the rate of 100 kg/ha achieved the highest seed yield with an average of (155.48 g/m2), the highest number of seeds/plant (1925.33 seeds), and the highest biological yield (420.00 g/m²) and the highest weight of 100 air-dried fruits (8.43 g). The interaction between urea fertilization and potassium sulfate had a significant effect on all studied traits, as the interaction 200 kg/ha urea and 100 kg/ha potassium sulfate achieved the largest rates in all studied traits.

Key words: Rocket, Fertilization, Urea, Potassium, Productivity.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Ammar Abbas^(1)*, Ghonwa Khaddour⁽¹⁾  and Lama Kafa.

(1). Agriculture Research Center of Latakia. Section of Natural Resources.

(*Corresponding author:Ammar Abbas, E-mail: Abdullah_1963@yahoo.com)

Received: 22/08/2022                   Accepted:31/08/2022

Abstract: 

This research was conducted based on maize crop experiment in Agricultural Scientific Research Center of Lattakia among the years 2018-2019. In order to domenstrate the importance of using MABIA as an integrated model in irrigation through basic inputs inclauding climatic factors for  calculating potential evapotranspiration ET0 (temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed), soil mechanical analysis and soil moisture indicators (field capacity, permanent wilting point, saturation) and crop (variety. , planting and harvesting date), the irrigation system (surface, sprinkler, drip) and irrigation criteria (TAW, RAW….). Scenarios of studying crop water requirement and water productivity were suggested including: changing soil texture, deficit irrigation and the combination the two previous scenarios, based on logical assumptions leads to important results and recommendations regard to crop water requirement under climate change impacts. Maize water requirement was 7740 m3 in 2018 and 7670 m3 in 2019. soil mechanical analysis and accurate determination of soil texture have important effects on irrigation requirement and crop yield.

Key words: maize, water requirement, model, MABIA, scenario.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Abdullah H.A. Al-hajj ^*(1) , Esmael Elmosanif⁽¹⁾, Ahmed M. Eed ⁽¹⁾, Sadam alwael⁽¹⁾ and  Shamsan Sharaf Al-Din⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb Governorate, Republic of Yemen.

(*Corresponding author:Abdullah Al-hajj , E-mail: Abdullah_1963@yahoo.com)

Received: 18/04/2023                   Accepted:8/06/2023

Abstract: 

In 2018, the research was conducted at the farm of the University of Ibb’s Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences. The investigation included nitrogen fertilizer concentrations of 0, 140, 280, 420, and 560N kg/ha. The investigation was conducted using a completely randomized block design with three replications. Except for the concentration of 420N kg/ha, the concentration of 560 N kg/ha produced the greatest number of secondary stems/plant, plant height (cm), and number of leaves/plant.The differences between them were insignificant. Fertilization had no significant effect on the number of main stems, as the study revealed that the concentration of 420N kg/ha gave the highest values and a significant advantage over all other treatments for the ratio of the number and weight of large tubers, plant production/kg, average tuber weight/kg, and total productivity ton/ha. They were 71.93, 82.13, 69.98, 1.67, 0.20, 68.16respectively, whereas the treatment with 420N kg/ha registered the lowest values for the number and weight of small and medium tubers, with a significant decrease compared to the other fertilization rates. On the other hand, utilizing the same nitrogen fertilizer rate of 420N kg/ha led to a significant increase in the number of tubers in the plant compared to the control and the higher concentration, resulting in the highest yield of 68.16N kg/ha.
Keywords: Nitrogen, fertilization, growth, yield, potato cultivar Panamera.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Shafak Harfoush* ⁽¹⁾, Haitham Shahin ⁽²⁾ and Mudar Harfoush ⁽³⁾

(1). Directorate of Solid Waste Management, the General Secretariat in Tartous Governorate, Tartous, Syria.

(2). Environmental Engininring Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(3). Department Of Environmental Systems Engineering, Higher Institute For Environmental Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

 (*Corresponding author: Shafak Harfoush. E-Mail. Shafakhar@Hotmail.com)

Received:4/05/2022            Accepted: 21/09/2022

Abstract: 

 The research aims to calculate the amount of compost resulting from fermentation of one ton of organic materials separated from the waste of Tartous Governorate, in addition to monitoring changes in temperature, air oxygen saturation, and humidity of organic matter during the fermentation process. The research was conducted at the Solid Waste Treatment Center in Tartous Governorate during the period (1/6/2019,1/8/2019), in the aerobic fermentation yard of organic materials separated from the rest of the waste, which passes through three stages: The first is physical, the second is biological (natural ventilation), and the third is final (maturation).The results showed that every one ton of coarse organic materials produces 400 kg of compost, and every one ton of soft organic materials produces 600 kg of compost. It was found that the resulting compost maintains good humidity during the fermentation period (month)(40-60)%,and its temperature reaches (60°C) during fermentation. Therefore, the sterilization process was achieved, and the dangerous pathogenic germs were eliminated. We noticed a decrease in the oxygen saturation rate with the increase in the biological fermentation time and that it reached the final ripening period with 60% humidity and moderate temperature and no unpleasant smell.

Keywords: Compost, Municipal Solid Waste, Fermentation    (composting) , organic waste- Oxygen saturation rate.  

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Reham Bakkar^(1)*, Faraj Naoum ⁽¹⁾, Muhammad Manhal Al Zoubi ⁽²⁾ and Abdulghani Alkhaldi⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Rural Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.

(2). General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Reham Bakkar, E-mail: rehambkr123sy@gmail.com)

Received:7/05/2022       Accepted:  21/09/2022

Abstract: 

The research was carried out at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Homs Governorate, affiliated with the General Authority for Scientific Agricultural Research. This research aims to study the effect of irrigation methods (surface, sprinkler, and drip) on the productive and qualitative characteristics of forage beet (spring hand or springtime) during the 2021 agricultural season, according to a randomized complete sector design with three replications. Irrigation treatments included (surface irrigation – sprinkler irrigation – drip irrigation). The results of the analysis of variance showed that there were no significant differences in root weight among the studied irrigation methods, the root weight ranged between (49.92 tons/ha for surface irrigation and 44.64 tons/ha for drip irrigation), and the differences were 0. It outperformed the surface irrigation method by about 25.5% and the drip irrigation method by about 8.9%, and the efficiency of irrigation water use was higher by the drip irrigation method than by the surface irrigation method by about 15.2%. The results also showed that there were no significant differences between irrigation methods in the vegetative yield, while the surface irrigation method outperformed the sprinkler and drip irrigation methods in root length, root diameter, and Brix percentage.

Keywords: irrigation methods, productive and quality characteristics, fodder beet.

Full paper in Arabic:  pdf

Ruba Hamad^*(1), Mahmoud Ali⁽¹⁾ and Ola Merhej⁽²⁾

(1). Forestry & Ecology Department- Agriculture Faculty- Tishreen University- Latakia- Syria.

(2). Forestry & Ecology Department- Agriculture Faculty- Tishreen University- Latakia- Syria.

(3). General Organization of Remote Sensing- Department of Coastal Region- Latakia- Syria.

(^*Corresponding author:  Ruba Hamad, E- Mail:  rubaihamad08@gmail.com)

Received:  19/06/2022             Accepted:  22/10/2022

Abstract: 

The natural regeneration of Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine), and its accompanying plant biodiversity were studied in Kfardabeel afforestation site in Jableh region (Lattakia) after the severe fire that occurred on the ninth of October 2020, which caused the destruction of the entire area that was covered by Aleppo pine on the site.  The cross-line method was used to study the Relative Important Value (RIV) of the plant species that appeared after the fire, and the coefficients of specific richness, and abundance coefficients were used to study the plant biodiversity in the site.  The results of the study showed that the most important plant in terms of RIV in the studied site was Calycotome villosa (Vahl.) Link followed by Pinus halepensis Mill.  followed by Serratula cerinthifolia (Sm.) Boiss.  On the other hand, the results showed a clear effect of fire in increasing the number of deteriorating plant species and species adapted to post-fire conditions, especially a seeder species, in addition to the beginning of the return of a resprouter species to dominate the terrain again.  Shannon’s Index recorded a value of (H= 3.29), as for Simpson’s Index, it gave a value of (D= 0.94), which are high values that indicate the presence of a large plant biodiversity in the site after the fire.  It was also found that the least number of plant species, especially the least number of seedlings of Aleppo pine, was recorded in the places where the slope reached its highest value, which was (48%).

Keywords:  plant biodiversity, fires, natural regeneration, serotiny, Pinus halepensis Mill.  (Aleppo pine), Kfardabeel.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

 Hassan Ali^*(1)

(1). General commission for the administration and development of Al-Ghab, Al-Ghab, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr.Hassan Ali, E-mail: hso414516@gmail.com)

Received: 11/09/2023         Accepted: 6/11/2023

Abstract: 

Today, artificial forests are one of the most important sources of carbon storage in forests, saving timber and reducing the degradation of natural forests. Forest biomass plays a major role in reducing global warming, an indicator of environmental sustainability, and an important source of information at the national and international levels. In recent years, remote sensing techniques using machine learning algorithms such as random forest and multiple linear regression have been widely used to estimate forest tree biomass. This research was conducted in Arab Dagh Forest in Golestan Province, Iran, and field data were collected by systematic cluster sampling method. 180 samples of Pinus brutia Ten. were inventoried with an area of ​​400 square metres. At the level of each plot, the diameter and tree height were measured. 135 samples were selected for modeling (training data) and 45 samples for modeling validation (test data). The aim of this research is to estimate the biomass of Pinus brutia using Random Forest and the multiple linear regression algorithms. And compare the results obtained from using these algorithms to estimate biomass. The results of modeling using the multiple linear regression algorithm showed that the coefficient of determination (R²) was equal to 0.55, and the percentage root mean square error (%RMSE) was equal to 32.14%. While the results of modeling using the Random Forest algorithm showed that the coefficient of determination was equal to 0.92, and the percentage of root mean square error was equal to 18.19%. Estimating the biomass of Pinus brutia using the Random Forest algorithm gave encouraging results compared with multiple linear regression.

Keywords: Biomass, Random Forest, Multiple Linear Regression, Pinus brutia.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Iman Ibrahim* ⁽¹⁾ Najwa Muslmani ⁽¹⁾ Imad aldeen ALKhalaf ⁽¹⁾ and Abeer alramo ⁽¹⁾

(1). Dept of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Iman Ibrahim E-mail iman.sy@hotmail.com).

Received:26/08/2022            Accepted:9/10/2022

Abstract: 

The research aimed to investigate the ability of bacteria isolated from the celery rhizosphere to stimulate plant growth in pot experiments. A bacterial inoculum was prepared at a concentration of (5×10^-8) cfu/ml of five isolate species belonging to two genera (Bacillus and pseudomonas), which is:  Pseudomonas putida,  P. aeruginosa subtilis, Bacillus cereus B.,  B. thuringiensis, Celery seeds were soaked in the concentrations prepared from these isolates for four hours, then the seeds were planted in pots. after the plant growth period was completed, the ability of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to increase vegetative growth and biochemical indicators was studied. the results showed that the bacterial isolates were able to improve growth by increasing the lengths of the root and shoot and increasing the fresh weights of the plant. the number of leaves and roots also increased by the effect of the bacterial inoculum. In addition, the plants treated with the PGPR recorded an increase in chlorophyll (A, B, and total chlorophyll) and carotenoids. The results also showed the positive effect of the bacterial inoculum in increasing the total content of phenols and the antioxidant activity in all tested plants.

Keywords: celery. bacterial inoculum. PGPR. Phenols. antioxidant activity.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ameerah H.Atiyah^(1)* Adnan S.Falih⁽¹⁾Raied H.Mohammad⁽¹⁾  and Tarq J.Jalud⁽¹⁾

(1). Agricultural Research Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Ameerah H. Atiyah, E-mail: alsadiameera@yahoo.com)

Received:20/06/2023          Accepted: 27/12/2022

Abstract: 

A Field study was conducted at a soil and water resources research station   in Al – Shikhan , Nineveh Government ( northern part of Iraq ) to compare the effect of tillage depth on some soil physical, and chemical characteristics and land productivity. Mung bean (Vigna radita L.) and Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were cultivated in 3 crop rotation cycles 2017-2018. The experiment was designed with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates to study three tillage depth treatments (I)No tillage(NT), (II)Minimum tillage 0-15cm (MT), and (III) Conventional tillage 0-30 cm(CT). The results showed that soil bulk density values increased with increasing tillage depth Where the percentage of increase in the bulk density was 5.67% for the treatment of conventional tillage. While the stability rates of soil aggregate were decreased with increasing tillage depth, increasing tillage depth led to decreased soil organic carbon content and an increase in available water amount with less tillage depth. Grain yield was increasing with minimizing tillage depth. Also, the production of agricultural land increased with reducing tillage depth the increase rate was 12% for NT treatment, 6.4% for MT treatment, and 2% for CT treatment.

Key words: Tillage depth , Soil Characteristics, productivity.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Lina Ali* ⁽¹⁾  

 (1). Plant Protection Department, Faculty of agriculture, Aleppo university, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author:  Lina Ali. E-Mail: lina.7755@gmail.com).

Received:25/06/2022          Accepted: 12/10/2022

Abstract: 

The aim of this research was to evaluate the susceptibility of some genotypes and cultivars against chickpea leaf miner and its effect on seed and biomass yields under Syrian conditions in the Al-Ghab area. Hama, under natural infection conditions during the agricultural season 2019/2020. the results showed that there were no significant differences between the studied local chickpea cultivars (Ghab1, Ghab2 and Ghab3), all of which were susceptible to infection, and the highest infection severity was recorded on the ILC 3397 genotype = 8.4, and the lowest infection severity on the Genotype ILC5901 = 2.8, and significant differences were found in seed and biomass yields, between the experimental plots treated with pesticide and those left under natural infestation conditions, With the exception of the resistant genotype ILC5901, there were no significant differences between them, where the highest percentage of loss of seed and biomass yields was recorded on the susceptible genotype ILC 3397, amounting to 48.8% and 39.1%, respectively, and the lowest percentage of loss in seed and biomass yields was on the resistant genotype by 5.2 and 5.6%, respectively, and the percentage of seed yield loss for local cultivars ranged from 33.4-35.54%.

Keywords: chickpea, genotypes, yield, leaf minor chickpea.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf