Allaa AL-Haj^(1)*

 (1). Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo.

(*Corresponding author: Allaa Al-Haj . E-Mail: allaapcr7@gmail.com).

Received: 01/ 08/ 2023               Accepted: 29/ 08/ 2023

Abstract: 

The research was conducted on local Syrian chicken populations (black and brown) that were subjected to genetic improvement by selection in a previous study, which was group of parents selected from the base population and the offspring generation F1, to evaluate the genetic diversity between populations, using the molecular markers (RAPD-PCR). The importance of the research comes from the lack of local scientific research related to the genetic and molecular characteristics of the Syrian chicken, and its genotypes are mixed randomly and have not been subjected to any kind of genetic improvement, as these differences are important for molecular studies. The results of the study showed that using 12 RAPD-PCR primers, 7 of them were able to selectively amplify regions in the genome of Syrian chickens and showed clear Polymorphism differences between their bands. The molecular markers revealed 32 bands in the studied chickens and had a medium degree of genetic diversity as it amounted by 0.45, the main allelic frequency was 0.60, and the value of the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was 0.35. Cluster analysis to construct a genetic phylogenic tree showed that the studied accessions were distributed into three main populations, so that the RAPD-PCR markers were able to show the reflection of the phenotype and genetic improvement processes by selection on the latent genetic content. And as the markers R03 gave the largest number of bands, it reached 8 bands. This research is considered the first one in Syria to study the genetic diversity of both generations of parents and F1 of Syrian local chicken populations.

Key words: local chicken, RAPD-PCR, molecular markers, cluster analysis, genetic diversity.

Full paper in English: pdf

Yasmine Alewi ^*(1), Rema Al-Shoufy⁽¹⁾, Douha Azzam⁽¹⁾,  and Farah Abo-Khair⁽¹⁾

(1). The second agricultural faculty, Damascus university, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Yasmine Alewi. j.alewi@hotmail.com, J.alewi@damascusuniversity.edu.sy).

Accepted: 23/08/2023                           Received: 8/ 06/2023  

Abstract: 

The field experiment was carried out during the period from March to June 2022, with the aim of studying some growth indicators of wild wormwood seedlings Artemisia herba-alba Asso that were collected from Al-Deir area, Alswayda governorate, and cultivated in the village of Sama Al-Baradan in the same governorate, in the monoculture and intercropping with lentils Lens culinaris Medik. The results showed that the indicators of wormwood growth (the length and diameter of the plants) were increased insignificantly in the intercropping compared to the monoculture, but the % dried weight of wormwood decreased insignificantly in the intercropping to 53.1%, while it was 58.5% in the monoculture. As for lentils, the weight of 1000 grains/m² decreased significantly in intercropping to 210g/m², while it was 303.3g/m² in the monoculture, but the harvest index increased insignificantly to 60.7 in intercropping, while it was 59.4  in the monoculture of lentils, and the LER (Land Equivalent Ratio) was 1.42. The experiment showed a potential allelopathic inhibitory effect of A. herba alba on the weeds in the studied area.

Keywords: Intercropping, Harvest index, Land Equivalent Ratio, Allelopathy, weeds.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Nadia Al khalaf^(1)*, Abboud aljasim ⁽¹⁾ and Mouhammed ALBalekh⁽¹⁾

(1). Horticulture-agriculture faculty- alFurat University, Syria

(*Corresponding author: E. Nadia Alkhalaf, E-Mail : nadiaalkhalaf5@gmail.com).

Received 6/06/2023                    Accepted: 7/08/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in Deir Ezzor Governorate, Marat village, during the two seasons (2020-2021) according to a split plot design with three replications, to study the effect of using foliar spraying with humic acid on some characteristics of vegetative growth and productivity of cucumber crop. Four concentrations of humic acid were used (0 , 1000 , 2000 , 3000 ppm) and five levels of ground mineral fertilization with major elements N.P.K (0, 25, 50, 75, 100) %. according to the quantities recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform for the cucumber crop. The results showed that spraying humic acid at a concentration of (3000ppm) ppm achieved a significant increase in all the characteristics of vegetative growth and productivity, while the level of mineral fertilization (100%) was significantly superior to all other levels in the characteristics of vegetative growth and productivity. As for the interaction between them, the treatment was superior)3000 ppm X 100%) significantly for all the studied reactions in most productive traits, followed by the treatment (3000 ppm X 75%), where the total productivity of the two reactions reached (5617.1-4623.2 kg / d). so Foliar Spraying With an Humic Acid is recommended 3000ppm with addition mineral Fertilizer 100% to get an increase in all the characteristics of vegetative growth and productivity per unite area.

Keywords: Humic acid,(Cucumis. sativus L), Mineral fertilization, Vegetative growth, productivity.  

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Manar Zier ⁽¹⁾ , Aziz Assaad ⁽²⁾  and  Mazen Ashram ⁽¹⁾

(1). Research Center of latakia, General commission for Scientific Agricultural research, Latakia, Syria.

(2). Department of Water and Soil Science,  Faculty of Agricultural Engineering,  Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.  

(*Corresponding author: Manar zier, Email: manarzier@gmail.com)

Received: 23/06/ 2023             Accepted: 31 /08 / 2023

Abstract: 

The research was conducted at the Al-Snobar Research Station, in Latakia Agricultural Scientific Research Center. The study aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of N (Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus), and K (Potassium) fertilizers on the content of the main nutrients on the roots, total green mass, and fruits of the pepper plant, Robber variety. The experiment included six treatments, with three replications for each treatment. T0 (3 Kg N- 0 Kg P₂O₅– 0.8 Kg k₂o), T1 (6.2 Kg N- 0 Kg P₂O₅– 0 Kg K₂O), T2(13.9 Kg N- 1.9 Kg p₂o₅– 3.7 Kg k₂o), T3 (21.5 Kg N- 4.7 Kg P₂O₅– 14.8 Kg K₂O), T4 (29 Kg N- 7.6 Kg P₂O₅– 26 Kg K₂O), T5 (36.9 Kg N- 10.4 Kg P₂O₅– 37 Kg K₂O) for greenhouse has an area 400 m2. The experimental design was based on Complete Randomized Blocks (CRB), and the statistical analysis was performed using the “Costat” program. The results showed that fertilization significantly influenced the studied traits. The results showed a significant increase in plant height in treatments T5 (36.9 Kg N- 10.4 Kg P2O5- 37 Kg K2O) and T4 (29 Kg N- 7.6 Kg P2O5- 26 Kg K2O) compared of the rest of the treatments, the highest plant height was recorded during the flowering stage in treatment T5 (20.76 cm). the dry matter increased in both the plant and fruits in treatments T4 and T5, the highest of dry matter in the plant (23.93%) and the fruit (5.76%) was obtained in treatment T4. as well as the concentration of NPK elements in the roots, total green mass, and fruits increased significantly in treatments T4 and T5 compared to the control.

Keyword: fertilization, sweet pepper, protected cultivation, dry matter, morphological traits.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Marwa   Afesa^(1)*, Mitiady Boras⁽²⁾ and Fahed sahuni⁽³⁾

(1). Al-issawiya counseling unit, Department of Agriculture Lattakia, Directorate of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(3). Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Marwa  Afesa. E-Mail: Marwa.3fesa@gmail.com).

Received:  4/07/2023                     Accepted: 20/08/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out during the spring season of 2021 on bisaysin village(Jablah), lattakia governorate, the research aimed to study the effect of foliar spray with licorice root extract on some flowering and productivity indicators of summer squash “SYDRA F₁ HYBRID”. The experiment included four treatments the control and the plants being sprayed with licorice root extract by three concentrations(4,6,8)g\L, the experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with three replicates per treatment, and 15 plants in each  replicate. The results showed that foliar spray with licorice root extract 8g\L  achieved a significant difference as compared to other treatments in terms of all studied indicators,  it led to a highest values of number of female flowers, percentage of inflorescences, number of fruits, the yield of plant and production efficiency (22.9 flower\plant, 87.2%, 20 fruit\plant, 2482g\plant, 57.7%) compared with control plants(13.2 flower\plant, 69.1%,1048g\plant).

Keywords: summer squash plant, licorice root extract, flowering  indicators,productivity.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Leen Mohammad^(1)* Rashid Kharbotli⁽²⁾ Yaser Hammad⁽²⁾

(1). the General Authority for Al-Ghab region Hama-Syria Management and Development, Ministry of Agriculture.

(2). Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(3). Department of Soil and Water Sciences – Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Leen Mohammad. E-mail: Leenmohammad4742@gmail.com Tel: 0947876715)

Received:11/05/2023                       Accepted: 26/07/2023

Abstract: 

The research was carried out in Al-Suqaylabiyah – Hama Governorate during two seasons (2020-2021 and 2021-2022), on trees of the Pistachio Ashouri variety that were about 25 years old. The aim was to study the effect of foliar spraying with some microelements on the productivity and quality of their fruits. The experiment was designed according to complete randomization blocks using 8 treatments and three replicates for each treatment, with an average of one tree per experimental plot. The results showed that the foliar spraying of some microelements contributed to increasing the amount of production and improving the quality of fruits. The treatment of spraying with (Zinc Sulfate 1000 ppm with Ferrous Sulfate 300 ppm) or Zinc Sulfate 1000 ppm were significantly superior to the remaining treatments in high-productivity. The treatments of spraying Copper Sulfate 200 ppm, or Zinc Sulfate 1000 ppm or Ferrous Sulfate 300 ppm had the highest percentage of cracked fruits (89.84 – 89.39 -89.20%) respectively, and the lowest percentage of empty fruits (11.41-11.71-11.52)% respectively, while the effect of spraying was not significant on the percentage of fruit extraction.

Key words: pistachio, foliar spray, yield, fruits characteristics, microelements.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ammar  nbeaa ^*(1) Ali  Dib⁽¹⁾ and Ali  Elkhateeb⁽²⁾

(1).Horticulture Department, Agriculture College Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2).General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ammar  Nbeaa. E-Mail: ammar.nbeaa1991@gmail.com ).

Received:5/04/2023             Accepted:10/08/2023

Abstract: 

>The study was carried out during (2020 and 2021) at Setkhiris village which belonging to the countryside of Lattakia Governorate, in citrus orchard containing (24) trees of clementine at the age of 28 years old and grafted on citrumelo as root stock, to study the impact of foliar spray with mixture of macronutrients (N,P,K) , mixture of micronutrients (Fe,B,Mg,Zn) and citric acid , on the physical and chemical properties of clementine, The results showed that the treatments significantly raised fruit volum and the percent of juice compared to the control, at treatment of multi fertilization with mixture of macronutrients, and citric acid spray achieved the highest fruit weight (92.07g) and the highest fruit size(107.5 cm3). mixture of macronutrients, mixture of micronutrients and citric acid treatments gave best results of total soluble solids(11.12%) and The highest value of vitamin C in fruit juice (46.64mg/100ml).

Key words : productive qualities, clementine, citrumelo, Spray on the shoots, Fruit quality.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Othman Khalid Alwan^*(1) and Shahad Mohammed Turki ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design. College of Agriculture. Diyala University. Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Othman  Alwan. E-Mail: athman56@yahoo.com)

Received:10/05/2024                    Accepted:13/08/2024

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture in Diyala for the seasons (2021-2022) and (2022-2023), where eleven strains of cherry tomatoes were imported from the Tomato Genetic Resources Center (TGRS) at the University of California and the Davis Institute and planted in the first season..  pure tomato lines (LA2838, LA3002, LA4355, LA0797, LA7371, LA4451) and their codes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) were chosen respectively and entered into the half-cross breeding program to produce individual hybrids, and in the season The second included an experiment to evaluate the genotypes (6 parents, 15 hybrids) according to the split-plot system, in a completely randomized block design, with three replicates, and spraying with boron at a concentration of (0, 100 mg.L^-1). The results showed that there were significant differences with spraying with boron, as the parent showed LA2838 ( 1) It was superior in the number of leaves, fruit length, number of total fruits, and production per plant. Father LA4451 (6) showed superiority in the number of leaves, Father (5) LA7371 showed superiority in the set percentage, and Father LA0797 (4) showed superiority in the number of branches with spray levels. With boron at a rate of 100 mg.L^˗ˡ. As for the hybrids, they showed significant superiority in characteristics, including the number of leaves, the number of branches, plant production, the percentage of knots, the number of fruits, and the length of the fruit, respectively, for the hybrids (6×1), [3×1], (5×3)], and (5×3). ) and (5×2) and (2×1) and (4×2). The hybrids showed [(6×1) and (4×1)[ and (6×4) and (4×2) and] (2×1) and (3×1) [and (6×1)] and (5×2) and [(3×4) and (×42) and (2×1) [overlap in the level of boron spraying at concentration 100 It was superior in moral characteristics in the number of leaves, the number of branches, the length of the fruit, the number of total fruits, the percentage of knots, and plant production.

Keywords: spraying with boron,  Hybrids, Cherry Tomato.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Seham Wannous^*(1), Abd Al Mohsen Marie ⁽²⁾, Basima ALkasawat ⁽²⁾ Roua Hasan⁽¹⁾, Ali Dayyoub ⁽¹⁾ Reema Barhoum ⁽¹⁾, Lilian Dayyoub ⁽¹⁾ Ali Nsair ⁽¹⁾, Sandy Zaini ⁽¹⁾

(1).AL-Jmmaseh Research Station, Scientific Agricultural Researches Center of Tartous, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Tartous, Syria.

(2). Horticulture Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

  (*Corresponding author: Seham Wannous.E-Mail: sehamwannous8@ gmail.com).              

Received: 10/04/2023                     Accepted:4/09/2023

Abstract: 

This research was carried out at Al-Jmmaseh Research Station Tartous, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, for three excessive seasons during 2018- 2020, in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications to study and evaluate  5 inbred lines of small fruit eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) originally derived from populations of introduced hybrids spread in local farming, by applying Pure line selection for six generations, depending on selection indices such as fruit color-shape-productivity… and a foreign control for comparison, aiming to produce F1 hybrids from promising parental lines. Analysis of variance using Genstate 12 statical analysis program showed significant differences among the means squares for most studied traits lines and the control, in addition to clear differences in other fruit characters like color which graduated from white-tinted violet (line ES7) to black (line ES4) .The highest calyx coverage percentage was recorded in the control ES6 (49.85%) followed by line ES7 (47.14 %) while line ES3 recorded the lowest percentage 31.11%.The highest plant was noticed in the control ES6(122.7cm) while  lines  graduated from 90.53 cm (line ES4) to 94.91 cm (line ES5) insignificantly . Significant differences were detected in plant yield trait between line ES3(5.51 kg) followed by line ES4(4.88kg)and the control ES6(4.64kg), while line ES2 had the lowest yield (4.26 kg), Therefore, they can be considered promising lines and can be used in a hybridization program to produce F1 hybrids.

  Key Words: eggplant, selection, inbred lines, evaluation, Analysis of variance.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Osama Alabdalla⁽¹⁾, Rawaa Albabilie^(1)* and Roula Bathoush⁽¹⁾ and Ramiz Hammady ⁽²⁾ and Loutfi Joureh⁽³⁾

(1). Administration of Horticulture Research, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria.

(2). Al-Ghab Research Center, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Damascus Countryside Research Center, Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Rawaa Albabilie, E-Mail: rawaababilie@gmail.com).

Received: 13/06/2023                 Accepted: 10/08/2023

Abstract: 

The experiment was carried out in General Commission for Agricultural Research, Taiba Research Station with the aim of studying the response of the red local onions variety to different concentrations and doses of mutagens (in two stages; the stage of planting seeds to produce sets and the stage of cultivating sets to produce bulbs). The Seeds were irradiated with five doses of Co 60 gamma rays (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 Gray), and they were treated with chemical mutagens, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) at concentrations (0.10, 0.20, 0.30%), and sodium azide (SA). At concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5%) by soaking the seeds for /6/ hours, the experiment was designed according to the complete randomized design with (4 replicates) for each treatment. The results showed that the response of the red local onions variety to the effect of the dose (60 Gray) of gamma radiation was higher compared to the other applied doses, due to its positive (stimulating) effect on the vegetative characteristics, and this was reflected positively on its productive indicators of sets and bulbs (1.975, 1.935 kg/m2, respectively), which had  significant difference compared with the rest of the treatments and the control (1.230, 1.333 kg/m2, respectively), and the results indicate that in relation to chemical mutagens, low concentrations positively stimulated vegetative growth indicators, and they gradually decreased with the increasing concentration.

Keywords: ethyl methane sulfonate, ma radiation, onion, sodium azide.   

Full paper in Arabic: pdf