Yaseen AL Mohsen ^(1)*  and Abdulnaser AL Omar  ⁽²⁾

(1). Animal department,  faculty of veterinary medicine,  University of Hama, Syria.

(2) . Hama Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR) Damascus, Syria.

^(*Corresponding Author: Dr. Yasen AL Mohsen, E.mail: yaseen.m@hama-univ.edu.sy).

 Received 27 /03 / 2022                          Accepted: 24/05/2023

Abstract: 

The study was conducted on (15) heads of Awassi sheep located in the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Hama, their age was 4 years and their weight average was 66 kg. It was distributed into three groups (the first group without adding fenugreek seeds to its diet, the second group added fenugreek seeds at a rate of 3%, and the third group added fenugreek at a rate of 6%) in order to evaluate the health status of the liver. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of the experimental sheep after adding fenugreek (15 days, one month, and two months) to conduct an analysis of the activity of (ALT, AST, and ALP) enzymes, as well as an analysis of (Glucose, total proteins, albumin, and globulin concentration calculation). The results showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in glucose concentration after one month and two months in sheep of the second group, and after two weeks (P≤0.05), one month (P≤0.01) and two months (P≤0.001) in the third group, and the concentration of total proteins increased after two weeks (P ≤0.05), and after two months ((P≤0.01) in the second group, and after two weeks (P≤0.05) and one month and two months (P≤0.01) in the sheep of the third group. As for albumin, its concentration increased significantly (P≤0.05) after two months in the first group. , and after two weeks and one month (P≤0.05) and after two months (P≤0.01) in the third group, The globulin concentration showed a significant increase after two months (P≤0.01) in the second group, and after one and two months (P≤0.01) in the third group, and the values ​​of its ALP activity in the second groups decreased significantly (P≤0.001) after one and two months, and significantly (P ≤0.001) after one month and after two months (P≤0.0001) in the sheep of the third group, as well as the values ​​of ALT activity decreased in the second group and the third group after two months (P≤0.001), which will result through this study to a decrease in glucose concentration and a decrease in the activity values ​​of ALP enzymes And AST and ALT after the addition of fenugreek by 3 and 6% and the increase in the concentration of total proteins, albumin and globulin, which indicates a decrease in catabolic processes and the good health and immune status of hepatocytes in the experimental sheep when adding fenugreek to the feed mixture by 6%.

Key words: Awassi sheep, milk production, regression coefficient.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Zainab Shabaan( ^1)*, Mohamad Galiya^{( 1)}

(1). Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

^(*Corresponding Author: Zainab Shabaan, Email: zainab.shabaan1996@gmail.com     Tel.: +0096388968367).

Received: 14/05/2023                                 Accepted:6/07/2023

Abstract: 

The research was conducted with the aim of studying the qualitative composition of the nutrients included in the food spectrum of Lepidorhombus wiffiagonis and some biological parameters (condition factor, general fullness factor, feeding index, Hepato sompatic index) and the longitudinal, weight and sexual composition of the studied individuals. The study was conducted for a full year from October 2021 until the end of October. In the second of 2022, 171 individuals of L. wiffiagonis caught in the marine waters of the Lattakia coast were obtained. The study showed that the studied fish feeds on six nutrients (prey), belonging to three taxonomic  groups( Fish, Crustaceans, Molluscs) Fish ranked first, represented by the, Chlorophthalmus agassizii, with numerical importance (26.66%) and weight (45.17%), followed by crustaceans in terms of numerical and weight importance, then mollusks (Gastropods) ranked third. The specific composition of the food spectrum did not show any difference during the months of the  year.   The results of the research also showed that the sizes of males and females of Megrim fish in the local marine environment are close and there are no significant differences in the average standard length of each of them according to the probability value( P<0.05), and their feeding behavior was similar as it was noted that there were no significant differences between the averages of the coefficient of Stomach fullness between them ( P<0.05), as well as the Feeding factor  and hepato sompatic index .

Keywords: Megrim fish,L.wiffiagonis,demersal fish,food spectrum Syrian Marine waters Lattakian coast.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Ranim Othman^*(1)Mohamad Galiya⁽¹⁾Hussam Eddin Laika⁽²⁾ Zouher Almajid ⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(2). High Institute of Marine Research, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Ranim Othman, E-mail:  ranim.mr.othman@gmail.com)        

Received: 28/06/2023                                 Accepted:10/07/2023

Abstract: 

 This research aims to determine the traces of some heavy metals in tissues of liver and muscles of two marine commercial fish species caught from the Ras Albasit (Lattakia city beach – Syria) using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (Flame-AAS). The results showed the accumulation of the studied metal elements was higher in Little tunny Euthynnus alletteratus than their accumulation in Bullet tuna Auxis rochei. The concentrations of these element were higher in liver of the first species (Cd: 0.615 ± 0.05 mg/kg and Pb: 3.83  ± 0.349 mg/kg) than their concentration in the liver of second species (Cd: 0.531 ± 0.062 mg/kg and Pb:  3.683 ±  0.591 mg/kg ). The same issue applies to the muscles of both species respectively: (Cd: 0.162 ± 0.024 mg/kg & Pb: 1.553 ± 0.129 mg/kg) and ( Cd: 0.152 ± 0.012 mg/kg & Pb: 1.484 ± 0.170 mg/kg). The difference in the concentrations of these elements between the two studied fish species can be attributed to the different morphometric (Weight, Length) and age characteristics.

Keywords: Heavy metals, Auxis rochei, Euthynnus alletteratus, Syrian marine waters, Ras Al-Basit.

Full paper in English: pdf

Faten alsafadi^*(1(, Ramzi Murshid⁽²⁾ and Abdel Mohsen Marie⁽³⁾

 (1). Sweida Research Centre, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria.

(2). Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria.

(3). Administration of Horticulture Research, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr.Faten alsafadi. E-Mail. f.alsafadi@gmail.com).                

      Received: 26/03/2023                          Accepted:13/06/2024

Abstract: 

This study was conducted at GCSAR-Swaida research center (Hout station) during the season 2019-2020, to evaluate six melon inbred lines and their F1 hybrids produced by complete diallel mating design, using RCBD with four replications. to estimate Heterosis for hybrids. in addition to evaluate the broad and narrow sense heritability for yield (average fruit weight, number of fruit per plant. yield per plant) and some fruit quality traits of melon (dry matter, total soluble solids, total sugar, monosaccharaides, disaccharides, carotenoids, vitamin C). the results showed highly significant positive estimates of Hetrosis were recorded over mid parents and standard hybrid in hybrids P2×P3, P3×P2 and P1×P2 the highest value was (35.78% and 49.34%, respectively) for yield per plant. and the hybrid P2xP1 showed significant positive Hetrosis over mid parents, better parents and standard hybrid for the percentage of total soluble solids and monosaccharaides in fruits, and the hybrid P2xP1 for the percentage of dry matter, and the hybrids P2×P4, P3×P2, P4×P2, P5×P3 and P5×P4 for the percentage of total sugar and monosaccharaides in fruits, While some hybrids showed significant positive estimates of Hetrosis over mid parents and standard hybrid for the fruit content of carotenoids and vitamin C. The Estimates of the broad sense heritability was high in all traits except number of fruit per plant. While the narrow sense heritability was an intermediate estimate for average fruit weight, yield per plant, fruit content of carotenoids and total soluble solids, that’s refers of possibility to improve this characteristics by selection. 

Keywords: Cucumis melo L., Heterosis, Heritability, Fruit Quality, Melon, Yield.           

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Dima Kharmashow⁽¹⁾*, Miteadi Bouras⁽¹⁾ and Fahed Sahuni⁽¹⁾

(1). Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dima KharmashowE-Mail: khrmashowdima@gmail.com)

Received: 4/04/2023           Accepted: 24/05/2023

Abstract: 

 The research aims to study the effect of foliar spraying of okra plants (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) with different concentrations of gibberellic acid GA3 (25,50,75,100 ppm) on the speed of ripening, the quantity and quality of pods production. The study was carried out in the village of Dbeika in the district of Al-Muzairah (Lattakia, using okra (local) variety, the research was conducted in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates per treatment and an average of (15) plants per replicator.The results in the biological parameters showed that the spray treatment at a concentration of 75 ppm had effect in accelerating ripening, as it gave the best values in the height of the first  pod on the main stem (29.8 cm), the number of non-fruiting nodes that precede the first pod (6 nodes), and in the length of the growth period. which recorded (50.5 days) compared to control plants. The results also showed the treatment with GA3 concentration of 75 ppm in the indicators of pods production, where the best values and the highest results were recorded in the number of total pods (90.5 pod), fruit weight (11.8 g / pod), production per plant (1067.9 g / plant) and in efficiency. Productivity (60.5%) compared to control plants, which recorded (72.1 pod, 7.1 g/pod, 421.7 g/plant ), respectively. The results also showed the effect of spraying at a concentration of 75 ppm on pods quantity, and recorded (15.60%, 2.63%, 0.9%)on dry matter,protein and ash, respectively, and the lowest in the percentage of fibers with a value (1.12%). .

Keywords: okra, gibberellin acid, GA3, biological parameters, productivity parameters, pod quality.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Haidara boissa⁽¹⁾* . Mazen nassour⁽¹⁾  and Fahed Sahuni⁽²⁾

(1). Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia , Syria.

(2). Horticulture,Second Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Haidara boissa,  E-Mail: haidara.hhda@gmail.com).

Received: 7/03/2023           Accepted: 12/06/2023

Abstract: 

 Resarch aimed to study the effect of foliar spray with different concentrations of Alar (500, 1000, 1500 ppm) and two planting distances (15 ×15), (30×30) cm and both of them together in vegetative growth and flowering of the plant. The results showed the positive effect of the growth regulator on the development of the vegetative parameter (number of leaves, leaf area, freshweight, dryeeight, percentage of dry matter and the amount of total chlorophyll), as well as the formation and evolution of flowering (early flowering, number of flower stem, total of flowers, number of flower on flower stem and floral diameter) especially when use the medium concentration of  growth regulator (1000 ppm) with (30×30) cm planting distances. The results showed the remarkable effect of highest concentration of  Alar and highest planting distances on commercial pick flower stem  The results also showed the treatment with GA3 concentration of 75 ppm in the indicators of pods production, where the best values and the highest results were recorded in the number of total pods (90.5 pod), fruit weight (11.8 g / pod), production per plant (1067.9 g / plant) and in efficiency. Productivity (60.5%) compared to control plants, which recorded (72.1 pod, 7.1 g/pod, 421.7 g/plant ), respectively. The results also showed the effect of spraying at a concentration of 75 ppm on pods quantity, and recorded (15.60%, 2.63%, 0.9%)on dry matter,protein and ash, respectively, and the lowest in the percentage of fibers with a value (1.12%). .

Keywords: Chrysanthemum , ALAR , Planting Distances, cutflowe.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hussam Hdaiwah^*(1)

(1). Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Hussam Hdaiwah, E-mail: Hussam hdaiwah76@gmail.com).                                                  

Received: 7/03/2023              Accepted: 6/06/2023 

Abstract: 

This research aimed to study the role of bio fertilization EM1, humic acid, and organic fertilization on vegetative growth, flowering, and cormels production of Gladiolus to reduce the mineral fertilization. Biofertilizer by EM1(4ml/m²) was applied with irrigation water two times, 15 days after planting and one month after the first one. Two g/L Humax (50% humic acid) was used and applied by the roots with two times at 4, and 6 leaf . The results showed that the use of EM1 and humic acid and the organic stage of plant development. fertilization had a positive effect on vegetative growth (average number of stems, plant length , and average number of leaves on the plant) and proportion of dry matter in the vegetative part.  It also showed a positive effect on formation spikes and flowering (early flowering, number of spikes, spike length, number of flowers by spike) ,and increasing number of cormels on plant.

Keywords: Gladiolus, bio-fertilization EM1 , humic acid , spike, cormels .

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Jenan   Othman^(1)*

(1).Horticulture Department,Faculty Of Agriculture,Tishreen University,Lattakia,Syria.

(*Corresponding author : Dr.Jenan  Othma , E-mail : jenan.othman@gmail.com , 0955205560.)

Received:5/02/2023                    Accepted:10/04/2023

Abstract: 

A field experiment was carried at Tishreen University garden nursery Lattakia, during the two successive spring seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, to study the effect of application (manganese  and Boron), vegetative growth, yield and tubers quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Spunta .  The experiment was conducted with Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments and three replications per treatment,(control, Manganese, boron, Manganese and Boron). The results showed that foliar application of Mn+B gave the best  vegetative growth characters and production of potato plants as expressed as leaf area/plant( 15605cm2/plant, L.A.index( 7.43), plant length (69.41 cm),(14.74 tuber/plant), big tuber ( 1551g/plant) total production (1815.8g/plant) and marketing one (1774.9 g/plant) compared to control. The statistical analysis also showed significant increase of B and mixed of Mn and B spraying in tuber quality such as dry matter percentage (20.27-20.2)%, starch percentage(14.07-14.0)% respectively, Whereas, The best content of vitamin c and arsh recorded in Mn+b treatment (15.22mg% and 6.04% ) respectively compared to control.

Keywords: Potato ,Mn ,Boron ,Yield, Growth, Quality .

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Hala D.Ddeash*⁽¹⁾, Rawaa H.Tlay⁽¹⁾ and Ahmad M.Haddal⁽¹⁾

(1). Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural, Damascus University.

(*Corresponding author: Hala Dadesh, E-mail: h92.dadesh@damascusuniversity.edu.sy).

Received: 25/05/2023                      Accepted: 16/07/2023

Abstract: 

The research was conducted in the  Department of Food Sciences, Damascus University, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering. The apple peel powder was prepared by hot air drying at a temperature of (65°C) for 6 hours. The process of grinding and sifting was done, and the powder was filled in dark glass containers. The quality indicators of the resulting powder of fiber, fat, protein, carbohydrates and antioxidant activity were (14.11%, 5.95%, 1.96%, 73.75% and 18.60%), respectively. The resulting powder was used in the manufacture of cupcake product at a ratio of (4, 8, 12%), as the content of the fortified cupcake increased from moisture, ash, fiber, protein and fat, and the percentage of crude fiber in the control sample increased from (2.46%) to (4.35%) in The cupcake sample fortified with (12%) of apple peel powder, respectively, while the percentage of carbohydrates decreased significantly, and the values of biologically active compounds increased compared to the control sample. The sensory evaluation showed that there were no significant differences between CONTROL and the sample, with the addition rate (12%), which exceeded the general acceptance rate among the tasters (3.74) after control (3.88), while it was noted that there were significant differences between control and the samples fortified with 4% and 8%. As for the color indicators (L *, a *, b *) The high percentage of husk powder led to a decrease in the brightness index (L*) and the degree of yellowing index (b*) and an increase in the degree of redness index (a*) in the fortified samples compared to the control, and the 4% sample was the least dark among the fortified samples.Keywords: Apple Peels Powder, Cupcake, Chemical Indicators, Biologically Active Compounds, Color Indicators, Sensory Evaluatio.

Full paper in Arabic: pdf

Lama Assaf^*(1) and Batoul Ozzoun⁽¹⁾

(1). Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Aleppo, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Lama Assaf. E-Mail: Lamaassaf403@gmail.com).

Received: 11/03/2023              Accepted: 11/06/2023

Abstract: 

The study was conducted in the laboratories of the Faculty of Food – Department of Food Sciences – Aleppo University – Syria. It was aiming to investigate the producing the amino acid tryptophan from date molasses using Escherichia coli. A pure strain of E. coli was transferred to agar medium (NA) that contains sodium chloride salt at a concentration of 0.5% w/v to activate the production of the amino acid tryptophan, and transferred to the incubator, then inoculated from the growing colonies, and placed in 100 ml of liquid medium. A catalyst for the production of tryptophan acid, which was transferred to a shaking incubator set at a temperature of 37 degrees Celsius for 6 hours at a speed of 150 rpm per minute, then the process was repeated on the same medium, and then the bacteria were taken after filtering the liquid medium and transferred to a molasses medium fermentation to produce tryptophan, and the production of tryptophan was confirmed. Tryptophan By going back to some chemical tests, and by comparing the absorbance values of the fermentation medium with the standard curve of tryptophan, it was found that the concentration of tryptophan in the fermentation medium was 0.1 mg/ml.

Key words: Echerichia coli, amino acid, treyptophan, date molasses

Full paper in Arabic: pdf