Ali Zayak^*(1)

(1). Medical and Aromatic Plants Department, Horticulture Research Administration, General Commission of Agricultural Research (GCORS), Damascus, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Ali Zayak. E-Mail: zayak77@hotmail.com).

Received: 07/02/2018                                Accepted: 22/03/2018

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate the quantity of Anthemis cotula volatile oil in the flowers and aerial parts and to identification the most important environmental factors affecting the productivity of oil in the plant. The plants were collected during tow phonological phases of the plant included the vegetative growth stage, and flowering stage, from four geographical locations in the middle region of Syria. The results of distillation essential oil using water extraction method showed that the highest percentage of volatile oil was 0.16 %ml/100g at Kafer-bahm location during 2015 season, where optimum rainfall.  While the lowest percentage of volatile oil was recorded at Alsaboura location during 2016 season, where lowest rainfall, the percentage of the volatile oil was 0.1%ml/100g. The shoots did not contain any volatile oil. The importance of essential oil depends on the quantity and quality of its content of the compounds, so that the volatile oil was analysed using Gas Chromatographic technique GC-MS.  The main compounds were: α-Bisabolol (68.2-75.1%), Chamazulene (2.88–7.2%), Spathulenol  (1.18 -3.1%), Farnesyl acetate (1.12–3.5 %), β-Farnesene( 1.1–3.6%), and Bisabolol oxide A (0.88–3.2%).

Keywords: Volatile oil, Anthemis cotula, Environment, GC/MS, α-Bisabolol, Spathulenol.

Full Paper in Arabic: PDF