Ahmed Malek *(1) , Mohamad Al-Husaini, (1), Shams aldeen Al-Muntaser (2)
(1). Central Highlands Research station, Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, Dhamar, Republic of Yemen.
(2). Genetic Resource Center, Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, Dhamar, Republic of Yemen.
(*Corresponding author: Malek, A. A; E-Mail: ahmedhabeb1966@gmial.com).
Received: 24/06/2022 Accepted: 22/02/2023
Abstract:
The study was carried out in nine different locations during the summer season (July) 2020 AD, in the Central Highlands Region, Dhamar Governorate – Republic of Yemen. The work was concentrated in three districts, which are Mayfa’a Ans, Otma and Al-Hadda. In each district, three locations were chosen for the purpose of evaluating and studying the phenotypic and productive characteristics of five varieties of wheat (3 local cultivars of dicoccum wheat called Arabi, Boni and Missani, and two improved cultivars belonging to bread wheat called Bohoth-3 and Bohoth-37). Each cultivar was planted with an area of 150 m2 in each site and was relied on 20 descriptive and quantitative traits. The results showed that the cultivars were divided into two groups, the first for the local cultivars (Landraces), where the kinship relationship between the Maysani cultivar on the one hand, and the two cultivars Boni and Arabi on the other hand, reached 85%, and this shows the genetic divergence between them, while the most closeness between the two cultivars Boni and Arabi reached 93%. The second group included the two improved cultivars Bohoth-3 and Bohoth-37, and the degree of kinship between them was 78.2%, indicating the genetic divergence between them. The study recommended confirming the results by expanding the study on a wide range of varieties in parallel with the molecular study of the same target samples.
Key words: phenotypic characteristics, cluster analysis, genetic kinship and divergence
Full paper in Arabic: pdf