Osama kadro(1)*, Jihad Ebrahim(1) and Rabiaa Zaini(2)
(1).Department of Soil and Land Sciences. Faculty of Agriculture. Tishreen University.Lattakia. Syria.
(2) Researcher in General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Lattakia, Syria.
(*Corresponding author: osama kadro.Lattakia. Syria. E-mail: osamakadro777@gmail.com).
Received: 29/7/2020 Accepted: 2/9/2020
Abstract
This research was carried out in Celtic Clay Soil within the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Latakia (Stkheres Station) for the year 2017 to study the effect of different levels of pressure applied to Celtic Clay Soil (0 – 199 – 330 kPa), and different levels of its organic matter content (0 – 2-4 m3 / dunum) in the growth of the yellow corn plant (Tango.F 1). The results showed the clear and significant effect of soil compression on the apparent density of the soil, in addition to the decrease in the total porosity volume by increasing the pressure, noting that the effect of pressure was decreasing with depth as the compression of the soil in the surface layer led to an increase in the apparent density by 0.26 g/ at a pressure of 199 kPa and an increase of 0.32 g/ when The pressure is 330 kPa and the organic matter contributed to reducing the effect of compression when adding 4 m 3 / dunum by 0.16 g/ when adding it to the soil by 4 m 3 / dunum. As noted in depth (5-20)cm a decrease in the size of pores whose diameters (0.2 – 10) microns with an increase in pressure from 16.59% in the treatment without pressure and without organic matter to 13.66% at pressure 199kpa and to 11.12% at pressure 330kpa and the organic matter contributed to Reducing the impact of pressure, as the volume of these pores increased significantly by 0.41% at pressure 199kpa and by 3.13% at pressure 330kpa, at the level of adding 4 m 3 / dunum The leaf surface reached a month and a half after planting for treatment without pressure and without adding organic matter (3169) cm2. And increased this flat to (4312.6) cm2 at the level of adding organic matter 4 m3 /dunum. At a pressure level of 199kpa, the organic matter contributed to compensate for the deficiency of the leaf surface by 691cm2 at the level of adding 4 m 3 / dunum and at pressure 330kpa it compensated for the deficiency by 659.8cm2 at the level of adding 4 m 3 / dunum The results also showed that the average grain production reached without pressure (1075.55) Kg/dunum as an average of the organic matter levels. It decreased to (818.40) Kg/dunum and (439.08) Kg/dunum, respectively, at 199kpa and 330kpa. The organic matter was able to compensate for the decrease in this production by 10.15-21.1% at the 199kpa pressure level, and by 13.28-28.25% at the 330kpa pressure level.
Key words: Soil compression, Organic matter, Maize, Physical properties of soil.
Full paper in Arabic: PDF